Virology 1: The Nature of Viruses
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the container component of a virus?

  • To synthesize proteins
  • To direct the production of new viruses
  • To respond to stimuli
  • To protect the genome during transmission (correct)

What is the result of a virus particle binding to a receptor on a host cell surface?

  • The genetic material and enzymes are injected into the host cell (correct)
  • The host cell becomes immune to the virus
  • The virus particle is destroyed
  • The virus particle buds off immediately

What is unique about RNA viruses?

  • They are the only type of virus that can use host machinery
  • They can use host protein synthesis machinery
  • They have a large genome
  • They are the only RNA-based life forms and cannot rely on host machinery (correct)

What is the Baltimore classification of viruses based on?

<p>The type of genome replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of VP16 in the herpes simplex virus?

<p>To recruit host transcription machinery to viral promoters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are genomes of RNA viruses typically smaller?

<p>Because of the limitations of their machinery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge for viruses in entering the host cell?

<p>Crossing the cell membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about enveloped viruses?

<p>They use direct penetration to enter the host cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of HIV infection?

<p>It preferentially infects activated CD4+ T cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of the lack of proofreading in Flu RNA genome?

<p>Accumulation of mutations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of herpesviruses?

<p>They cause latent, lifelong infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of an infected CD4+ cell in HIV infection?

<p>2 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of antigenic shift?

<p>Immediate and substantial changes in the viral genome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CCR5 in HIV infection?

<p>It is the co-receptor for HIV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the point at which the immune system controls HIV replication?

<p>Viral set point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are herpesviruses problematic in immunocompromised individuals?

<p>They can reactivate from latency and cause disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the mortality rate of rabbits when Myxomatosis was released in Australia?

<p>99.8% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why don't avirulent strains of Myxomatosis transmit effectively?

<p>They don't produce enough virus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is blocked in the genome replication stage of the HIV life cycle?

<p>Replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of HIV protease inhibitors?

<p>Homo-dimeric aspartyl protease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of primary HIV infections are resistant to treatment?

<p>8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key challenge in curing HIV?

<p>Latent reservoir (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about Smallpox immunity?

<p>It is lifelong (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the strategy used to eradicate Smallpox?

<p>Surveillance-containment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of the freeze-dried Smallpox vaccine?

<p>It is stable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approach used to isolate Smallpox cases?

<p>Home isolation with family (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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