Viral Taxonomy and Classification Quiz

What is a distinguishing feature of viruses in terms of nucleic acid compared to cells?

Contain both DNA and RNA

Which component is absent in viruses but present in cells?

Mitochondria

How do viruses typically multiply compared to cells?

Budding

Which type of virus has an envelope made of lipoprotein membrane?

Complex virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of virions in the life cycle of a virus?

Virus particle at any stage Signup and view all the answers

How are viroids different from viruses?

Smaller than a virus and infect only plants Signup and view all the answers

Which classification system was adopted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in 1966?

Universal system of viral classification Signup and view all the answers

What is the genome type that DNA viruses and eukaryotic cells share in terms of mutation rates?

Very low mutation rates Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nucleic acid can be either linear or circular?

DNA only Signup and view all the answers

What does a virus with reduced pathogenicity mean?

Less ability to cause disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical mutation rate for RNA viruses compared to DNA viruses?

Higher mutation rate Signup and view all the answers

Which family of viruses is an exception to being haploid?

Retroviruses Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between viruses and cells?

Viruses cannot produce energy or synthesize proteins on their own, while cells can. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is found in some viruses but not in all?

Envelope Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses reproduce compared to cells?

Viruses replicate to produce hundreds of progeny, while cells divide to produce only two daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is absent in viruses but present in cells?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes viruses as obligate intracellular parasites?

Their reliance on host cells for energy and protein synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the genetic material found in viruses?

Some viruses contain DNA, some contain RNA, but not both in the same virus. Signup and view all the answers

What is antigenicity in the context of a virus?

The ability of a virus to induce an immune response Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a virus is responsible for recognizing and attaching to specific receptors on host cells?

Spike proteins Signup and view all the answers

In the context of viruses, what is recombination?

A process where two related viruses exchange genetic material during infection Signup and view all the answers

Which symmetry configuration involves capsomers arranged in 20 triangles?

Icosahedral Symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of a capsid in a virus?

Individual pentameric or hexameric protein assembly Signup and view all the answers

Which viruses typically have an envelope derived from the host cell membrane?

Herpes and covid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the outer surface proteins (Spikes) on a virus?

Determine the viral species and serotype Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of an envelope affect the stability of a virus?

Makes it more sensitive to heat, detergents, acid, alcohol, drying Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of non-structural proteins in a virus?

Expressed mainly in infected cells and have enzymatic functions Signup and view all the answers

What do capsid core proteins primarily do in a virus?

Protect the viral DNA or RNA from degradation by nucleases Signup and view all the answers

How do outer surface proteins (Spikes) contribute to viral infectivity?

Mediate specific viral attachment to host receptors Signup and view all the answers

What affects the transmission mode of enveloped viruses?

Sensitivity to heat, detergents, acid, alcohol, drying Signup and view all the answers