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Questions and Answers
What is the correct order of the classification system from the most broad to the most specific grouping?
What is the correct order of the classification system from the most broad to the most specific grouping?
- Genus, Species, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom
- Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (correct)
- Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Genus, Species
- Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom
Which of the following accurately describes binomial nomenclature?
Which of the following accurately describes binomial nomenclature?
- A two-part scientific naming system with the species name first and the genus second.
- A classification system that groups organisms based solely on structural characteristics.
- A two-part scientific naming system with the genus name first and the species second, typically italicized. (correct)
- A method that represents the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
What is the primary purpose of gram staining in microbiology?
What is the primary purpose of gram staining in microbiology?
- To differentiate bacteria based on cell wall structure. (correct)
- To determine the rate of bacterial reproduction.
- To classify viruses based on their genetic material.
- To identify different evolutionary relationships among bacteria.
Which of the following best describes the fundamental structure of viruses?
Which of the following best describes the fundamental structure of viruses?
What is the main distinction between asexual and sexual reproduction?
What is the main distinction between asexual and sexual reproduction?
What is the primary function of a bacteriophage?
What is the primary function of a bacteriophage?
What is the key distinguishing feature between monocots and dicots?
What is the key distinguishing feature between monocots and dicots?
What is the function of antibodies in the immune system?
What is the function of antibodies in the immune system?
Flashcards
Classification System
Classification System
A system for grouping species based on shared characteristics, from broad categories to specific groups.
Binomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature
A two-part scientific name assigned to each species, usually italicized, consisting of the genus and species names.
Cladogram
Cladogram
A diagram depicting evolutionary relationships between organisms based on shared characteristics.
Gram Staining
Gram Staining
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Decomposers
Decomposers
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Capsid
Capsid
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Antigen
Antigen
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Antibody
Antibody
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Study Notes
Classification Systems
- Hierarchical Structure: Species are grouped into progressively larger categories: species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom.
- Binomial Nomenclature: Each species is assigned a unique two-part scientific name (e.g., Homo sapiens). The names are typically italicized.
- Traditional Classification: Based on observable structural characteristics.
- Cladogram: Diagram illustrating evolutionary relationships between organisms.
Microbial Classification
- Monera: A former kingdom, now divided into Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
- Gram Staining: Differentiates between different types of Eubacterial cell walls.
- Decomposers: Organisms (bacteria) that break down dead matter.
- Bacteriophage: Viruses that infect and replicate only in bacterial cells.
Virus Structure and Reproduction
- Virus Structure: Consists of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed within a protein coat (capsid).
- Virus Reproduction: Must infect living cells to reproduce.
Reproduction
- Asexual Reproduction: Reproduction by a single organism.
- Sexual Reproduction: Reproduction involving two organisms.
Plant Classification
- Angiosperms (Flowering Plants): Plants that produce seeds enclosed in a protective layer within a ripened ovary (fruit).
- Monocot: Plants with a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in their seed. Example: Bamboo
- Dicot: Plants with two cotyledons in their seed
- Ripened Ovary: In plants, a ripened part of the flower that surrounds and helps disperse the seed.
- Seed Dispersal: Methods include wind (e.g., dandelions) and animals (e.g., raspberries).
Plant Tropisms
- Tropism: Plant movement in response to a stimulus.
- Positive Tropism: Movement towards the stimulus.
- Negative Tropism: Movement away from the stimulus.
- Gravitropism: Plant response to gravity.
Plant Dormancy
- Dormancy: A period of temporary cessation of growth and development in an organism.
Immunity
- Positive Immunity (Passive): Short-term immunity achieved through the injection of antibodies produced by another organism.
- Antibody: Protein that recognizes and binds to antigens.
- Antigen: Substance that triggers an immune response.
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