Viral Genomes and Prions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of replication cycle do bacteriophages exhibit?

  • Lytic cycle (correct)
  • Genome integration cycle
  • Virulent cycle
  • Transcription cycle

    • What dictates the decision of which replication cycle a bacteriophage will utilize?

  • Environmental cues (correct)
  • Host recognition
  • Lysogeny activation
  • Phage attachment

    • What triggers a lytic burst in a host cell during virus replication?

  • Genome entry
  • Environmental cues
  • Phage attachment
  • Host cell survival threats (correct)

    • What unique ability does a temperate phage have compared to a virulent phage?

    <p>Genome integration as a prophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During lysogeny, what state is the host in when the bacteriophage is not actively replicating?

    <p>Prophage state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a virion delivers the viral genome into the host cell?

    <p>Protein capsid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of icosahedral viruses?

    <p>Symmetrical capsids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In tailed viruses, what is the function of the helical 'neck' structure?

    <p>Attachment to the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of viroids compared to typical viruses?

    <p>Lack of protein capsid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of capsid exhibits both symmetrical and asymmetrical structures among different viruses?

    <p>Icosahedral capsids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial defense mechanism involves cleaving viral DNA lacking methylation?

    <p>Restriction endonucleases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Acr in the context of CRISPR defense?

    <p>Inhibiting CRISPR-Cas binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to a bacterial immune system that involves Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats?

    <p>CRISPR-Cas complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of CRISPR-Cas complex in the context of bacterial defense?

    <p>Binding and cleaving phage DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial defense mechanism involves altered receptor proteins to defend against bacteriophages?

    <p>CRISPR integration of phage DNA sequences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Chapter 6 in the microbiology course?

    <p>The structures of viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between viruses and host cells?

    <p>Viruses depend on host cells for replication of genetic material and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In microbiology, what distinguishes the lytic replication cycle from the lysogenic replication cycle?

    <p>Lytic cycle involves cell lysis, while lysogenic cycle involves host cell integration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it significant that viruses can infect all cellular organisms according to the text?

    <p>It indicates that all life forms are equally susceptible to viral infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does viral genetic material play in synthesizing proteins according to Chapter 6?

    <p>Viral genetic material provides the blueprint for protein synthesis in host cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique characteristic of prions?

    <p>They alter the conformation of normal proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do small viral genomes commonly differ from giant viral genomes?

    <p>Giant genomes have a larger number of genes and are usually double-stranded DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did David Baltimore propose to classify viruses in 1971?

    <p>By distinguishing classes based on capsid symmetry and envelope structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why giant viruses are significant according to the text?

    <p>Their genomes encode a large number of enzymes with cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What classification criteria were considered by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses for devising a working classification system?

    <p>Genome composition and envelope structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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