Podcast
Questions and Answers
What language did the Vikings speak?
What language did the Vikings speak?
When did the Vikings come to Ireland?
When did the Vikings come to Ireland?
What were the 'longphort' and 'dún'?
What were the 'longphort' and 'dún'?
What impact did the Vikings have on Celtic societies?
What impact did the Vikings have on Celtic societies?
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What evidence of Viking raids still exists?
What evidence of Viking raids still exists?
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What was the role of Palladius in Ireland?
What was the role of Palladius in Ireland?
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What facilitated the transition from Paganism to Christianity in Ireland?
What facilitated the transition from Paganism to Christianity in Ireland?
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Where did the Vikings come from?
Where did the Vikings come from?
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How did Ireland have contact with the Classical world (Greeks & Romans)?
How did Ireland have contact with the Classical world (Greeks & Romans)?
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What were the overview of Celtic languages & cultures?
What were the overview of Celtic languages & cultures?
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Where did the Vikings settle?
Where did the Vikings settle?
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What language did the Vikings speak?
What language did the Vikings speak?
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When did the Vikings come to Ireland?
When did the Vikings come to Ireland?
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Where did the Vikings settle?
Where did the Vikings settle?
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What impact did the Vikings have on Celtic societies?
What impact did the Vikings have on Celtic societies?
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What evidence of Viking raids still exists?
What evidence of Viking raids still exists?
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What were 'longphort' and 'dún'?
What were 'longphort' and 'dún'?
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What were the Celtic languages mentioned?
What were the Celtic languages mentioned?
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Who facilitated the move from Paganism to Christianity in Ireland?
Who facilitated the move from Paganism to Christianity in Ireland?
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Who was historically recognized as the first bishop sent to Irish Christians?
Who was historically recognized as the first bishop sent to Irish Christians?
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What was Palladius' role in Ireland?
What was Palladius' role in Ireland?
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What were the key aspects of Ireland's contact with the Celtic and Classical worlds?
What were the key aspects of Ireland's contact with the Celtic and Classical worlds?
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What was the structure of Early Medieval Irish society?
What was the structure of Early Medieval Irish society?
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What were the divisions in early modern Ireland?
What were the divisions in early modern Ireland?
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What was the Protestant Reformation?
What was the Protestant Reformation?
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When and where did the Plantations occur?
When and where did the Plantations occur?
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What were the ‘Penal Laws’?
What were the ‘Penal Laws’?
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What was the ‘Pale’?
What was the ‘Pale’?
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Who were the Tudors?
Who were the Tudors?
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How is folklore defined?
How is folklore defined?
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When was the Irish Folklore Commission founded and what was its role?
When was the Irish Folklore Commission founded and what was its role?
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Where is the National Folklore Collection housed?
Where is the National Folklore Collection housed?
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What is the Schools’ Collection?
What is the Schools’ Collection?
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What is the time signature for jigs in Irish dancing?
What is the time signature for jigs in Irish dancing?
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Which traditional Irish instrument is known for its use of a bellows and chanter?
Which traditional Irish instrument is known for its use of a bellows and chanter?
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What is the term for the old style, highly ornamented, unaccompanied singing in Irish music?
What is the term for the old style, highly ornamented, unaccompanied singing in Irish music?
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What does the term ‘Anglo-Irish literature’ refer to?
What does the term ‘Anglo-Irish literature’ refer to?
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When did the Irish literary and cultural revival take place?
When did the Irish literary and cultural revival take place?
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What genre of literature combines Irish settings with horror and romanticism?
What genre of literature combines Irish settings with horror and romanticism?
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Who was an influential Irish modernist writer known for works such as 'Ulysses' and 'Dubliners'?
Who was an influential Irish modernist writer known for works such as 'Ulysses' and 'Dubliners'?
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What term refers to the type of songs or tunes popular in Irish music, including airs, ballads, laments, and drinking songs?
What term refers to the type of songs or tunes popular in Irish music, including airs, ballads, laments, and drinking songs?
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What are the types of dance styles popular in Irish dancing?
What are the types of dance styles popular in Irish dancing?
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Who were Edward Bunting & George Petrie?
Who were Edward Bunting & George Petrie?
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Where was/is Irish music traditionally performed?
Where was/is Irish music traditionally performed?
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What were the major writers and works discussed in the context of Irish literary and cultural revival?
What were the major writers and works discussed in the context of Irish literary and cultural revival?
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What is the term for the structure of words in a language?
What is the term for the structure of words in a language?
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What is the Irish term for the Irish language?
What is the Irish term for the Irish language?
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What caused the Great Hunger in Ireland?
What caused the Great Hunger in Ireland?
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What bad things happened because of the Great Hunger?
What bad things happened because of the Great Hunger?
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What is the term for sounds of the language?
What is the term for sounds of the language?
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What did the British do about the Great Hunger?
What did the British do about the Great Hunger?
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What is the term for vocabulary in a language?
What is the term for vocabulary in a language?
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What did people think about the Great Hunger back then?
What did people think about the Great Hunger back then?
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What is the term for sentence structure in a language?
What is the term for sentence structure in a language?
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What other languages have influenced Irish and how?
What other languages have influenced Irish and how?
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How do people remember the Great Hunger now?
How do people remember the Great Hunger now?
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What still reminds us of the Great Hunger?
What still reminds us of the Great Hunger?
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Where was the GAA founded?
Where was the GAA founded?
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Who was the first GAA president?
Who was the first GAA president?
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What sports are included within the GAA?
What sports are included within the GAA?
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Where is the GAA headquarters?
Where is the GAA headquarters?
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Who were the main leaders at the beginning of the 20th century in Ireland?
Who were the main leaders at the beginning of the 20th century in Ireland?
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What was the political and social significance of the GAA?
What was the political and social significance of the GAA?
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Who were the leaders behind the Easter Rising in 1916?
Who were the leaders behind the Easter Rising in 1916?
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What was the purpose of the Dáil Éireann set up by Sinn Féin after winning the 1918 general election?
What was the purpose of the Dáil Éireann set up by Sinn Féin after winning the 1918 general election?
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Who were the 'Black & Tans' in the context of Irish history?
Who were the 'Black & Tans' in the context of Irish history?
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What was the role of a 'Flying Column' during the War of Independence?
What was the role of a 'Flying Column' during the War of Independence?
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What were the key events to study from the period of War of Independence to the Civil War in Ireland?
What were the key events to study from the period of War of Independence to the Civil War in Ireland?
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What was the impact of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?
What was the impact of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?
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What was the primary goal of the British 'Black & Tans' in Ireland?
What was the primary goal of the British 'Black & Tans' in Ireland?
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What was the primary function of the Dáil Éireann established by Sinn Féin in 1919?
What was the primary function of the Dáil Éireann established by Sinn Féin in 1919?
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When did Ireland become fully sovereign?
When did Ireland become fully sovereign?
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Which political parties are prominent in 21st-century Ireland?
Which political parties are prominent in 21st-century Ireland?
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Who leads the Irish government?
Who leads the Irish government?
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What was the pivotal campaign in legalizing abortion in Ireland?
What was the pivotal campaign in legalizing abortion in Ireland?
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What sparked the Irish Water protests?
What sparked the Irish Water protests?
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Which referendum indicated a shift in the Catholic Church's influence in Ireland?
Which referendum indicated a shift in the Catholic Church's influence in Ireland?
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When was the Irish Free State established?
When was the Irish Free State established?
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What is the function of Dáil Éireann?
What is the function of Dáil Éireann?
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Which treaty led to the partition of Ireland?
Which treaty led to the partition of Ireland?
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What event marked Ireland's full sovereignty?
What event marked Ireland's full sovereignty?
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What was the primary cause of the Civil War (1922-1923) in Ireland?
What was the primary cause of the Civil War (1922-1923) in Ireland?
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What are the typical governance arrangements in 21st-century Ireland?
What are the typical governance arrangements in 21st-century Ireland?
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Study Notes
Viking Influence and Settlements
- Vikings spoke Old Norse, a North Germanic language.
- Viking raids began in Ireland around the late 8th century, approximately 795 AD.
- Longphorts were fortified naval bases established by the Vikings, while dún referred to fortified sites or strongholds.
- The Vikings had a profound impact on Celtic societies, introducing trade, urbanization, and cultural exchange.
- Evidence of Viking raids includes archaeological sites, historical accounts, and place-names throughout Ireland.
- The Vikings originally came from Scandinavia, comprising modern-day Norway, Denmark, and Sweden.
Christianity in Ireland
- Palladius is recognized as the first bishop sent to convert Irish Christians.
- The transition from Paganism to Christianity was facilitated by missionaries like St. Patrick and the establishment of monasteries.
- Contact with the Classical world came through trade and interaction with the Greeks and Romans, leading to cultural exchanges.
Language and Culture
- The Celtic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family, including Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh.
- Ireland's contact with the Celtic and Classical worlds shaped its early history and cultural development.
- The structure of Early Medieval Irish society was clan-based, with hierarchies of kings and chieftains.
Historical Context
- Early modern Ireland had significant divisions, including religious, social, and political distinctions.
- The Protestant Reformation introduced major religious changes, creating tensions between Catholics and Protestants.
- Plantations occurred in the 17th century, where English and Scottish settlers were given lands in Ireland.
- The 'Penal Laws' restricted the rights of Catholics and dissenters, enforcing Protestant supremacy.
- The ‘Pale’ was the English-controlled area around Dublin, with laws applied differently in this region compared to the rest of Ireland.
Folklore and Cultural Heritage
- Folklore is defined as the traditional beliefs, customs, and tales of a culture.
- The Irish Folklore Commission was founded in 1935, tasked with collecting and preserving Irish folklore and traditions.
- The National Folklore Collection is housed at University College Dublin.
- The Schools' Collection was a project gathering tales and folklore from primary school students across Ireland.
Irish Music and Dance
- Jigs in Irish dancing typically have a 6/8 time signature, characterized by lively rhythms.
- The uilleann pipes are a traditional Irish instrument known for a bellows and chanter.
- Sean-nós refers to the old style of highly ornamented, unaccompanied singing prevalent in Irish music.
- 'Anglo-Irish literature' refers to works produced by Irish writers writing in English, often reflecting the complexities of Irish identity.
Literary Revival and Influential Figures
- The Irish literary and cultural revival took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, promoting Irish language and literature.
- A genre combining Irish settings with horror and romanticism emerged during this period.
- James Joyce was a notable modernist writer, famous for 'Ulysses' and 'Dubliners.'
- Irish music includes diverse songs and tunes such as airs, ballads, laments, and drinking songs.
- Popular dance styles in Irish dance include set dances and ceili dances.
Historical Events and Organizations
- Edward Bunting and George Petrie were significant figures in documenting and preserving Irish music and culture.
- The GAA (Gaelic Athletic Association) was founded in 1884 to promote traditional Irish sports and cultural identity.
- Key leaders at the start of the 20th century included figures like Éamon de Valera and Michael Collins.
Political Developments
- The Easter Rising in 1916 aimed for Irish independence from British rule, led by key figures like Patrick Pearse and James Connolly.
- Dáil Éireann, established by Sinn Féin after the 1918 election, served as a provisional government aiming for Irish self-governance.
- 'Black & Tans' were British paramilitary forces deployed during the Irish War of Independence.
- 'Flying Columns' were mobile units during the War of Independence, conducting guerrilla warfare against British forces.
- Key events from the War of Independence to the Civil War include the Anglo-Irish Treaty debates and subsequent civil strife between pro and anti-treaty factions.
Modern Ireland
- Ireland became fully sovereign with the adoption of the constitution in 1937.
- Prominent political parties in 21st-century Ireland include Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, and Sinn Féin.
- The current leader of the Irish government is referred to as the Taoiseach.
- Significant campaigns in Ireland included efforts to legalize abortion, notably driven by the Repeal the Eighth campaign.
- Water protests highlighted concerns about privatization and management of water services.
- A referendum in the 21st century indicated a shift away from the Catholic Church's influence, resulting in social and legal reforms.
Social and Governance Structure
- The Dáil Éireann functions as the legislative body of the Irish government.
- The partition of Ireland was formalized in the Government of Ireland Act 1920, creating Northern Ireland.
- Full sovereignty for the Republic of Ireland was achieved in 1949.
- The primary cause of the Civil War (1922-1923) was contrasting views on the Anglo-Irish Treaty.
- Typical governance arrangements in modern Ireland include a parliamentary system with a President and a bicameral legislature.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Irish history with this exam. Learn about their origins, language, and impact on Celtic lands like Ireland and Scotland. See how much you know about the seafaring warriors and their settlements.
