Veterinary Surgery Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of surgery allows the animal to recover after the procedure?

  • Non-survival surgery
  • Terminal surgery
  • Major surgical procedure
  • Survival surgery (correct)

Which of the following surgeries involves procedures that do not penetrate a body cavity?

  • Thoracotomy
  • Skin biopsy (correct)
  • Amputation
  • Laparotomy

What is the primary purpose of a dedicated surgical room?

  • To maintain environmental conditions and sanitation standards (correct)
  • To store surgical instruments
  • To provide a place for animal recovery
  • To allow multiple laboratory procedures to occur simultaneously

What is required for all surgical instruments before using them in a procedure?

<p>To be sanitized and sterilized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species is permitted for survival surgery in a dedicated workspace?

<p>Guinea pigs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a surgical facility, what should be done to minimize contamination during procedures?

<p>Limit non-surgical room use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum time that surgical packs can be stored unused before they must be repackaged and resterilized?

<p>Six months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgery results in the animal being euthanized while still under anesthesia?

<p>Terminal surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of maintaining a sterile field during surgical procedures?

<p>To prevent contamination and infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique helps ensure appropriate anesthetic depth prior to surgery?

<p>Assessing reaction to stimuli and multiple physiologic parameters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended suture pattern for tissue apposition in most surgical situations?

<p>Simple interrupted closure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor when choosing the size of sutures for skin closure?

<p>The species of the animal and the specific tissue involved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about absorbable sutures is correct?

<p>They do not need to be removed after healing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of improper handling of tissues during surgery?

<p>Delayed healing and infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should drapes be kept clean and dry during surgery?

<p>To prevent contamination and maintain sterility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In high-tension areas, which surgical suture pattern may be preferred?

<p>Modified patterns designed for high tension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of scrubbing prior to surgery?

<p>To minimize microbial presence on the surgeon's skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When scrubbing the skin before surgery, which sequence should be followed?

<p>Start scrubbing at the center and move outward towards the periphery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following surgical attire items is not typically required for surgery on rodents in a biological safety cabinet?

<p>Hair cover (B), Surgical facemask (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if aseptic technique is broken during surgery?

<p>Change the affected article immediately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential factor for a successful surgical outcome?

<p>Maintaining aseptic technique (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In skin preparation, what is the minimum number of scrubs required when using disinfectant and alcohol?

<p>Three alternating scrubs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a sterile drape be placed over the animal prior to surgery?

<p>Before initiating surgery, unless impractical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a recommended surgical scrub product for pre-scrubbing?

<p>Sterile saline solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of primary sterilization for surgical instruments?

<p>Pressurized steam (autoclave) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be done immediately before using surgical instruments to prevent tissue toxicity?

<p>Rinse with sterile water or saline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when preparing the surgical space?

<p>Using diluted bleach for cleaning surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with instruments that fall outside the sterile field?

<p>Immediately replace them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When preparing an animal for surgery, how should hair be removed?

<p>With electric clippers or depilatory cream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of pre-operative preparation regarding expiration dates of solutions?

<p>Prepared solutions usually have short shelf lives after activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best practice for the size of the hairless area around the surgical field?

<p>Two to three times the size of the anticipated surgical field (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to ensure proper traffic flow during surgical procedures?

<p>Limit access to necessary personnel only (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sutures are recommended for skin closure due to their ability to avoid bacterial wicking?

<p>Monofilament sutures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum duration for observing and recording an animal's post-operative health after surgery?

<p>3 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should sutures or wound clips typically be removed after surgery?

<p>7-14 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be provided to ensure appropriate recovery conditions for an animal post-surgery?

<p>Warm environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended for monitoring an animal during its anesthetic recovery?

<p>Providing food and water immediately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done multiple times when preparing an animal for surgery?

<p>Use a new pad/swab for cleaning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is careful monitoring critical during the anesthetic recovery of animals?

<p>To prevent unintended complications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should sutures in larger species remain in place according to veterinary recommendations?

<p>At least 10 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Survival surgery

Surgery where the animal recovers from the procedure and anesthesia.

Terminal surgery

Surgery where the animal is euthanized while still under anesthesia. Aseptic procedures may not be as strict.

Major surgical procedure

Surgery that penetrates and exposes a body cavity or permanently impairs physical or physiological functions (e.g., laparotomy, thoracotomy, craniotomy, amputations).

Minor surgical procedure

Surgery that does not penetrate or expose a body cavity or permanently impair physical or physiological functions (e.g., subcutaneous osmotic pump placement, skin biopsy).

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Dedicated workspace

An area within the laboratory, free from unnecessary equipment and materials, designed for surgery in smaller animals.

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Dedicated surgical room

A room designed for larger animal surgeries, maintaining strict environmental controls and sanitation standards.

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Surgical instruments: sanitization and storage

The process of sterilizing surgical instruments before use and storing them appropriately to prevent contamination.

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Non-survival surgery

A procedure where the animal is humanely euthanized while still under anesthesia.

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Sterilization

A process that eliminates all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, from an object or surface.

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Autoclaving

The most common method for sterilizing surgical instruments. It involves using pressurized steam at high temperatures to kill all microorganisms.

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Ethylene oxide sterilization

Commonly used for delicate instruments or materials that cannot withstand high temperatures. This method uses ethylene oxide gas to sterilize.

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Cold sterilization

A method for sterilizing instruments using chemicals at room temperature. It involves immersing instruments in a sterilant solution for a specific duration.

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Disinfecting surgical space

The process of cleaning and disinfecting all surfaces in a surgical room or workspace to prevent contamination.

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Hair removal

The removal of hair from the surgical site and surrounding area to prevent contamination. This is typically done using an electric clipper or depilatory cream immediately before surgery.

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Scrubbing for surgery

Washing hands and arms thoroughly with a surgical scrub (like iodine or chlorhexidine) for at least five minutes, moving from fingertips to elbows.

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Sterile drape for surgery

A sterile drape placed over the animal to isolate the surgical site, ensuring a clean and safe operating area.

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Surgical attire

Wearing surgical attire such as a cap, facemask, gown, and gloves to prevent contamination during surgery.

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Aseptic technique

Maintaining a sterile environment and using techniques to avoid contamination during the entire surgical procedure.

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Appropriate tissue handling

Careful handling of tissues during surgery to minimize damage and promote healing.

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Anesthetic depth

Ensuring the animal is appropriately anesthetized to minimize pain and allow for safe surgery.

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Skin preparation for surgery

Using a disinfectant (like iodine or chlorhexidine) and 70% alcohol to clean the surgical site prior to surgery.

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Changing attire after contamination

Changing any contaminated surgical attire immediately to maintain aseptic technique.

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Monofilament sutures

Sutures that are made of a single strand of material and are less likely to trap bacteria. More suitable for skin closures.

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Braided sutures

Sutures made of multiple strands interwoven together and are more likely to harbor bacteria, making them unsuitable for skin or contaminated areas.

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Surgical drape

Applying a sterile protective layer over the surgical site to prevent contamination.

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Post-operative monitoring

The process of closely monitoring and recording the animal's health and surgical site for a minimum of three days after surgery.

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Anesthetic recovery

A critical period following anesthesia where the animal needs careful supervision to prevent complications.

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Post-procedure analgesia

The use of medications to relieve pain after surgery.

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Surgical site preparation

Cleaning the surgical area with an antiseptic solution to reduce the risk of infection.

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Assessing anesthetic depth

Using multiple parameters like toe pinch, palpebral reflex, body tone, and physiological measurements to determine the proper depth of anesthesia before surgery.

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Suture selection

Selecting the appropriate suture size, type, and pattern is crucial for preventing dehiscence and ensuring proper wound healing.

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Suture size

The suture size depends on the species and tissue being sutured. For example, a mouse might need a 5-0 gauge while a dog needs a 3-0 gauge.

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Simple interrupted suture

The simplest and most common suture pattern, used for most situations. It's ideal for tissue apposition and can withstand a few suture failures.

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Suture type (absorbable vs. non-absorbable)

Sutures can be either absorbable (dissolving within tissues) or non-absorbable (needing removal). The choice depends on the surgical site and tissues.

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Suture type (monofilament vs. multifilament)

Sutures can be made of monofilament (single strand) or multifilament (multiple strands). This decision influences suture passage and tissue friction.

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Study Notes

Surgical Requirements in Laboratory Animals

  • Sterilize: Eliminate harmful agents on equipment and supplies using methods like steam autoclaving, ethylene oxide gas, or cold sterilization.
  • Disinfect/Sanitize: Physically clean and remove harmful agents to the greatest practical extent.
  • Aseptic Technique: Procedures to limit microbial contamination of the surgical site before and during surgery.
  • Dedicated Workspace: A designated area free of unnecessary equipment and materials, easily accessible, and with limited traffic during procedures.
  • Hood Space: Protective space around the patient for optimal procedures.
  • Species/Procedures: Survival surgery (e.g., mice, rats; non-survival surgery (any species); and minor procedures (any species).
  • Postponement: Other laboratory work should be postponed during surgery.

Surgical Definitions

  • Survival Surgery: The animal recovers from anesthesia and the procedure.
  • Terminal/Non-Survival Surgery: The animal is humanely euthanized while still under anesthesia.
  • Major Surgical Procedure: Penetrates a body cavity or permanently impairs physical/physiological functions (e.g., laparotomy, thoracotomy, etc.).
  • Minor Surgical Procedure: Does not penetrate a body cavity or permanently impair physical/physiological functions (e.g., subcutaneous osmotic pump placement, skin biopsy).

Facilities Requirements

  • Dedicated Surgical Room: Designed room maintaining environmental conditions, sanitation standards, and strict adherence to surgical procedures.
  • Species/procedures allowed: Mammals larger than guinea pigs undergoing major survival procedures.
  • Guidance: Regularly clean floors, walls, and immediate surgical area to prevent contamination. Limit non-surgical room use.

Preparation & Procedures

  • Pre-Operative Preparation: Sanitize, sterilize and store instruments appropriately.
  • Surgical Instruments: Sterilize instruments prior to starting procedures. Date and store packs for up to six months; after that, resterilize. Use pressurized steam autoclave as the common sterilization method.
  • Surgical Space: Clean/Disinfect all surfaces used in the procedure with appropriate disinfectants. Limit traffic to only necessary personnel.

Animal

  • Location: Prepare animals away from the designated surgical area.
  • Hair Removal: Remove hair from the surgical site and surrounding area to prevent contamination using an electric clipper or depilatory cream.
  • Hair Removal Timing: Preferably immediately prior to surgery.

Skin Preparation

  • Scrubbing: Use appropriate disinfectant (e.g., iodine or chlorhexidine) and 70% alcohol solutions on the skin, working from clean to dirty. Avoid using chlorhexidine on or around eyes.
  • Frequency of scrubbing: Repeat three alternating scrubbing with solution followed by 70% alcohol.
  • Drapes/Coverings: Sterile drapes are placed over the animal before surgery, allowing visualization and to maintain a sterile field if possible.
  • Contact Time: Scrub for at least 5 minutes from fingertips to elbows, and multiple scrubbing is permissible.

Post-Scrubbing

  • Surgical Attire: Use appropriate attire (cap, facemask, shoe covers, sterile gown) for the surgical procedure. Surgical attire may not be fully necessary for rodents.
  • Aseptic Technique During Attire Change: If aseptic technique is broken, change affected articles (e.g., gown or gloves) immediately.

Basics for a Successful Surgery

  • Anesthetic Depth: Appropriately assess and ensure adequate anesthesia before beginning procedure.
  • Aseptic Technique Procedure: Maintain sterility of hands within the sterile field. If a breach in sterility occurs, replace contaminated items immediately.
  • Tissue Handling: Perform gentle tissue handling to prevent infection and delayed healing.
  • Closure Procedures: Use appropriate suture size, type, and patterns to prevent dehiscence and promote healing.

Closure Procedures

  • Appropriate Suture Label: Understand suture size and type based on tissue and species, choosing appropriate material, type, and strength.
  • Appropriate Suture Patterns: Utilizing simple interrupted patterns in most cases is recommended. Employ alternative patterns in high-tension areas.

Anesthetic Recovery & Post-Operative Procedures

  • Monitoring: Monitor animals post-surgery and maintain appropriate recovery conditions (e.g., temperature).
  • Suture/Staple Removal: Remove sutures/clips within 7-14 days after surgery depending on species and site.
  • Reporting: Report and record the date of suture removal in the animal's records.

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Surgery Requirements in Laboratory Animals PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts in veterinary surgery with this comprehensive quiz. It covers topics such as surgical techniques, sterilization practices, and animal recovery. Perfect for students and professionals in veterinary medicine.

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