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Questions and Answers
What is one of the functions of the spinal cord?
What is one of the functions of the spinal cord?
What surrounds and protects the spinal cord?
What surrounds and protects the spinal cord?
How many anatomical regions are there in the spinal cord based on the vertebral column?
How many anatomical regions are there in the spinal cord based on the vertebral column?
What is the term for the integrative area for cord reflexes?
What is the term for the integrative area for cord reflexes?
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What is the term for the lower motor neurons?
What is the term for the lower motor neurons?
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Where do sensory signals enter the cord?
Where do sensory signals enter the cord?
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What is the term for the complex neural circuits for motor control?
What is the term for the complex neural circuits for motor control?
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What is the term for the tail end of the spinal cord and the adjacent nerve roots?
What is the term for the tail end of the spinal cord and the adjacent nerve roots?
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What is the name of the small central canal filled with CSF in the spinal cord?
What is the name of the small central canal filled with CSF in the spinal cord?
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How many vertebras are present in the dog's cervical spinal cord?
How many vertebras are present in the dog's cervical spinal cord?
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What is the function of one branch of the nerve in the spinal cord?
What is the function of one branch of the nerve in the spinal cord?
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What is the role of the cord grey matter in the spinal cord?
What is the role of the cord grey matter in the spinal cord?
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What is the correct sequence of functional regions in the spinal cord?
What is the correct sequence of functional regions in the spinal cord?
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What is the correct sequence of structures in the central nervous system?
What is the correct sequence of structures in the central nervous system?
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What is the term for the region of the spinal cord that is characterized by a swelling or enlargement?
What is the term for the region of the spinal cord that is characterized by a swelling or enlargement?
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What is the name of the region that contains the cauda equina?
What is the name of the region that contains the cauda equina?
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What is the term that refers to the connection between the upper motor neuron (UMN) and the lower motor neuron (LMN)?
What is the term that refers to the connection between the upper motor neuron (UMN) and the lower motor neuron (LMN)?
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Which system is responsible for regulating the autonomic nervous system?
Which system is responsible for regulating the autonomic nervous system?
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What is the function of another branch of the nerve in the spinal cord?
What is the function of another branch of the nerve in the spinal cord?
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What is the term for the network of neurons that transmit signals between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system?
What is the term for the network of neurons that transmit signals between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system?
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Study Notes
Spinal Cord Functions
- Receiving and distributing information from the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- Relaying afferent/sensory information to the brain centers
- Local integration of sensory and motor functions for reflex activity
- Relaying efferent/motor information from motor management centers via specific tracts (upper motor neurons - UMN) to connect with lower motor neurons (LMN)
- Containing interneurons and complex neural circuits for motor control, including central pattern generators
Anatomical Regions
- 5 anatomical regions based on the vertebral column
- 5 functional regions based on the innervation of the limbs
- Cauda equina: the tail end of the spinal cord and the adjacent nerve roots (PNS)
- Sacrum: the region of the vertebral column that corresponds to the spinal cord segments
Spinal Cord Structure
- The spinal cord is tubular with a small central canal filled with CSF
- Divided anatomically into peripheral white matter and central grey matter
- White matter: contains axons, sensory tracts, and motor tracts
- Grey matter: contains neuronal cell bodies, dorsal and ventral roots
Central Grey Matter
- The integrative area for the cord reflexes
- Sensory signals enter the cord almost entirely through the sensory roots, specifically the dorsal horn
- Every sensory signal travels to 2 separate destinations: one branch terminates in the grey matter and elicits local reflexes, and another branch transmits signals to higher levels of the nervous system
Functional Regions
- Based on the innervation of the limbs (intumescences)
- Divided into 5 regions: C1-C5, C6-T2, T3-L3, L4-S3, and Cd1-cd5
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Description
Learn about the functions of the spinal cord, including its organization and regions, as well as the types of fibers located in the dorsal and ventral roots. This quiz is perfect for veterinary students and professionals.
