56 Questions
Why is it important to include lymph nodes in the examinations of small animals?
To detect abnormal swelling indicating an underlying issue
What happens when a lymph node swells due to an infection?
It works to filter out harmful cells in response to the infection
How do lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries?
Lymphatic capillaries are more permeable than blood capillaries
In what situations might lymph nodes enlarge beyond their normal size?
In response to infections, cancer, or immune-mediated diseases
How can enlarged lymph nodes assist in diagnosing a patient's health condition?
By providing clues alongside other symptoms like fever and ear pain
What is the role of the lymph vessels?
Draw up the lymph fluid from around the cells
What happens if lymph fluid is not drained by the lymph vessels?
It causes swelling
How is lymph different from blood plasma?
Lymph has fewer proteins compared to blood plasma
What is the function of lymph nodes?
Act as filters for harmful substances
How are lymphatic capillaries connected to the cardiovascular system?
They are intertwined with arterioles and venules
Which anatomical structure is compared to a 'pearl chain' by anatomists?
Lymph nodes
What are the three main types of lymphatic tissue described in the text?
Diffuse lymphatic tissue, lymphatic nodules, and lymphatic organs
What is the main function of the spleen?
To store, release, and concentrate erythrocytes
What is the key difference between lymphatic nodules and lymphatic organs described in the text?
Lymphatic nodules have a capsule, while lymphatic organs do not
What is the purpose of the MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue) described in the text?
To regulate mucosal immunity in the body
What is the key difference between hemal nodes and lymph nodes described in the text?
Hemal nodes have afferent and efferent lymphatics, while lymph nodes do not
What is the significance of MALT lymphoma described in the text?
It is a specific type of lymphoma linked to Helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach
Which of the following is NOT one of the principal ways for the spread of cancer in dogs?
Examination of the palpable lymph nodes
Which of the following lymph nodes is NOT listed as palpable lymph nodes in dogs?
Mesenteric
Which of the following lymph nodes is considered inconstant in dogs?
Accessory axillary
Which of the following lymph nodes is listed as being specific to the sex of the dog?
Superficial inguinal
Based on the information provided, can veterinarians palpate all lymph nodes in dogs?
The text does not provide enough information to determine if all lymph nodes can be palpated.
What is the approximate number of mandibular lymph nodes in canines?
2-4
Which muscle does the parotidian lymph node cover partially?
Masseter muscle
How many groups of retropharyngeal lymph nodes are present in canines based on their topography?
2
Where is the superficial cervical (prescapular) lymph center located in canines?
Cranial to the supraspinous muscle and shoulder
Which of the following lymph nodes is almost always absent in the axillary lymph center of canines?
Accessory axillary lymph node
Where is the lateral retropharyngeal lymph node located in relation to the atlas in canines?
Ventral and medial
Why might lymph nodes swell or enlarge in small animals when there is a problem such as infection, injury, or cancer?
As a reaction to the presence of 'bad' cells that need filtering
What does lymphadenopathy typically indicate in small animals?
That there is an underlying health issue
How can veterinarians use the enlargement of lymph nodes to assist in diagnosing health conditions in small animals?
To narrow down potential underlying issues
What additional symptoms can help pinpoint the underlying problem when small animals have swollen lymph nodes?
Ear pain and fever
How do swollen lymph nodes in small animals indicate that something is not right?
By filtering out 'bad' cells from the body
Can veterinarians palpate the superficial inguinal lymph nodes in dogs?
No, they are not normally palpable in dogs
Where are the popliteal lymph nodes located in dogs?
In the hind legs
Which lymph node is described as 'inconstant' in dogs?
Accessory axillary lymph node
What is another term for the superficial cervical lymph nodes in canines?
Prescapular lymph nodes
Which lymph node is unique to the female gender of dogs?
Mammary lymph node
Where are the mandibular lymph nodes situated in canines?
Between the masseter muscle and mandibular salivary gland
What is the key characteristic of the parotidian lymph node in canines?
Partially covers the caudal margin of the masseter muscle
Which lymph node is described as almost always absent in the axillary lymph center of canines?
Accessory axillary lymph node
In what location is the superficial cervical (prescapular) lymph center found in canines?
Cranial to the supraspinous muscle and shoulder, approachable through regional skin
Where are the lateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes located in relation to the atlas in canines?
Ventral and medial in relation with the wing of the atlas
Which group of lymph nodes is comprised of two groups, medial and lateral, in canines?
Retropharyngeal lymph center
Where is the ilio-femoral lymph node located in canines?
At the termination of the external iliac artery close to the femoral artery
What is the typical size range of the superficial popliteal lymph node in canines?
1-4 centimeters long
Which of the following lymph node centers is described as 'very reduced in size and inconstant' in canines?
Ilio-femoral lymph center
Where are the mammary lymph nodes located in female canines?
Embedded in fat tissue on the dorsolateral margin of the last mammary gland
Where is the superficial popliteal lymph node located in canines?
On the caudal surface of the gastrocnemius muscle
Which of the following lymph nodes is described as being 'embedded in fat tissue' in canines?
Scrotal lymph nodes
What is the primary function of the lymph vessels?
To drain excess interstitial fluid and transport it back to the blood
How do lymph nodes contribute to the immune system?
They contain immune cells that can attack and destroy harmful pathogens
What would happen if the lymph fluid was not effectively drained by the lymph vessels?
It would cause a buildup of fluid, leading to swelling
How is the composition of lymph fluid different from blood plasma?
Lymph fluid has a lower protein content
Which of the following best describes the structure of lymphatic capillaries?
Both A and B are correct
What is the anatomical comparison used to describe the arrangement of lymph nodes?
A pearl chain
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the thymus, tonsils, and spleen in veterinary science. Explore the structure and functions of these important lymphoid organs in animals.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
