Principles of Endoscopy

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Questions and Answers

Which type of endoscopy allows the vet to look within an organ or body cavity to evaluate an area of interest?

  • Therapeutic endoscopy
  • Diagnostic endoscopy (correct)
  • Airway fluid sampling
  • Tissue biopsies

What is an example of a therapeutic procedure that can be done using endoscopy?

  • Removal of a foreign body from the stomach (correct)
  • Placement of a gastric feeding tube
  • Airway fluid sampling
  • Tissue biopsies

What type of scopes are used in endoscopy?

  • Scopes of different colors
  • Both rigid and flexible scopes (correct)
  • Rigid scopes only
  • Flexible scopes only

What is the purpose of air insufflation in endoscopy?

<p>To inflate organs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal light source for endoscopy?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of water irrigation in endoscopy?

<p>To wash the end of the scope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a diagnostic sample that can be obtained using endoscopy?

<p>Tissue biopsies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a condition that can be diagnosed and treated using endoscopy?

<p>Management of an oesophageal stricture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of suction in endoscopy?

<p>To allow aspiration of air and body fluids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of instruments are used in endoscopy?

<p>Instruments of different sizes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of equipment used in endoscopy?

<p>Leak testing equipment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a day one skill in endoscopy?

<p>Knowing when to seek advice or refer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for small animals with gastrointestinal signs?

<p>To diagnose megaesophagus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a top tip for GI endoscopy in small animals?

<p>Always scope the duodenum/SI as well as the stomach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for small animals with respiratory signs?

<p>To perform airway fluid sampling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a top tip for bronchoscopy in small animals?

<p>Consider the possible risks as well as benefits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for dogs with urinary signs?

<p>To perform urinalysis and diagnostic imaging (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a top tip for urethroscopy/cystoscopy in dogs?

<p>Perform diagnostic imaging before the procedure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for horses?

<p>To diagnose upper airway/laryngeal obstruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of endoscopy?

<p>GI perforation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the principles of endoscopy?

<p>The principles of endoscopy include diagnostic endoscopy and therapeutic endoscopy. Diagnostic endoscopy allows the vet to look within an organ or body cavity to evaluate an area of interest and obtain diagnostic samples. Therapeutic endoscopy enables various therapeutic procedures to be performed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of diagnostic samples that can be obtained using endoscopy?

<p>Examples of diagnostic samples that can be obtained using endoscopy include airway fluid sampling/bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue biopsies of the GI tract and nasal mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of therapeutic procedures that can be done using endoscopy?

<p>Examples of therapeutic procedures that can be done using endoscopy include the removal of a foreign body from the esophagus, airway, or stomach, management of an esophageal stricture, and placement of a gastric feeding tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What equipment is used in endoscopy?

<p>The equipment used in endoscopy includes scopes (rigid and/or flexible scopes), a bright light source (xenon, metal halide, LED), air insufflation and water irrigation systems, suction, a video monitor screen, and instruments of appropriate size for the scope channel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal light source for endoscopy?

<p>The ideal light source for endoscopy is one that is bright (xenon, metal halide, LED) and suitable for all scopes, providing enough illumination in dark cavities that are being examined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for small animals with respiratory signs?

<p>Endoscopy might be used for small animals with respiratory signs when there is a chronic cough suspected to be caused by a foreign body or when airway fluid sampling is needed for cytology or culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for bronchoscopy in small animals?

<p>Some top tips for bronchoscopy in small animals are to always perform diagnostic imaging first (radiography or CT) and to consider the possible risks as well as benefits, especially in cats where the airway is small.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for GI endoscopy in small animals?

<p>Some top tips for GI endoscopy in small animals are to rule out other causes that would not require endoscopy to reach a diagnosis before scoping, to always scope the duodenum/SI as well as the stomach unless a very obvious gastric lesion is found, and to always collect biopsies from multiple sites in the abnormal GI tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for urethroscopy/cystoscopy in dogs?

<p>Some top tips for urethroscopy/cystoscopy in dogs are to always perform urinalysis and diagnostic imaging first (radiography +/- ultrasound +/- contrast studies) and to consider whether the anatomy is best suited to a rigid scope (females) or a flexible scope (males).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of when endoscopy might be used for horses?

<p>Endoscopy might be used for horses in cases of suspected upper airway/laryngeal obstruction, investigation of abnormal respiratory noise, suspected lung disease, gastric ulceration, and urinary tract disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of diagnostic samples that can be obtained using endoscopy?

<p>Biopsies from multiple sites in the GI tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for GI endoscopy in small animals?

<p>Rule out other causes before scoping, always scope the duodenum/SI as well as the stomach, and collect biopsies from multiple sites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for bronchoscopy in small animals?

<p>Always perform diagnostic imaging first and consider the possible risks as well as benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some top tips for urethroscopy/cystoscopy in dogs?

<p>Always perform urinalysis and diagnostic imaging first, and consider whether the anatomy is best suited to a rigid or flexible scope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might endoscopy be used for small animals with respiratory signs?

<p>When there is a chronic cough with suspected foreign body or for airway fluid sampling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of diagnostic endoscopy?

<p>Diagnostic endoscopy is a minimally invasive technique for diagnosis and treatment of a variety of conditions. It allows the vet to look within an organ or body cavity to evaluate an area of interest and obtain diagnostic samples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of diagnostic samples that can be obtained using endoscopy?

<p>Some examples of diagnostic samples that can be obtained using endoscopy include airway fluid sampling/bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue biopsies (GI tract, nasal mucosa).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of therapeutic endoscopy?

<p>Therapeutic endoscopy is a means of enabling a therapeutic procedure, such as the removal of a foreign body from the oesophagus, airway, or stomach, management of an oesophageal stricture, or placement of a gastric feeding tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of equipment is used in endoscopy?

<p>Endoscopy equipment includes scopes (rigid and/or flexible scopes), a bright light source (xenon, metal halide, LED), air insufflation and water irrigation system, suction, video monitor screen, and instruments of an appropriate size for the scope channel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the ideal light source for endoscopy provide?

<p>The ideal light source for endoscopy should provide enough illumination in dark cavities that we are looking into and be compatible with all scopes in the practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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