Vector and Water-Borne Diseases Quiz

Study Notes

Glossina (Tse-tse fly): Responsible for Human African Trypanosomiasis, a significant disease in sub-Saharan Africa causing neurological and sleeping sickness.
Chrysops: Transmits Loa loa, causing African eye worm, leading to potentially severe allergic reactions and eye issues.
Simulium damnosum: Carries Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, leading to severe visual impairment and skin disease.
Anopheles: Primary vector for Malaria, caused by Plasmodium species, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality globally.
Aedes: Transmits several viruses including Dengue, Yellow Fever, Chikungunya, and Zika, impacting public health and travel.
Culex: Associated with West Nile fever, St. Louis encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis outbreaks, primarily affecting the nervous system.

Mesocyclops kieferi: Linked to Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), causing significant suffering through painful lesions.
Phlebotomus papatasi (Sand fly): Vector for Leishmaniasis, which can present as cutaneous or visceral forms leading to significant morbidity.
Housefly (Musa domestica): Associated with various diseases like food poisoning, dysentery, cholera, and diarrhea, highlighting the importance of sanitation.

Audiometer: Measures hearing acuity, essential in assessing auditory health.
Carbon Monoxide Detector: Identifies harmful gas presence, critical for indoor safety.
Dust and Carbon Dioxide Detectors: Monitor air quality, impacting respiratory health.
Radiation Monitor: Assesses environmental radiation levels, vital in preventing exposure-related diseases.
Spirometer: Evaluates lung function for respiratory diseases diagnosis.
Anemometer: Measures wind speed, relevant in environmental health studies.

Sound Level Meters: Monitor noise pollution, crucial in urban health assessments.
PH Meter: Determines acidity or alkalinity in substances, critical for water quality testing.
Alcohol Tester: Measures blood alcohol levels, important in road safety and health assessments.
Spectrophotometer and Photoion Detector: Analyze chemical properties and concentrations in various samples.
Water Analyzer and Microscope: Essential for examining and testing water quality and microscopic pathogens.

Anatomy of the Ear: Understanding structural components essential for diagnosing hearing disorders.
Audiogram Tracings: Dips at 4 kHz may indicate specific types of hearing loss, crucial for audiological assessments.

Entamoeba histolytica: Causes amoebic dysentery, leading to significant gastrointestinal disease.
Giardia lamblia: Causes giardiasis, leading to chronic diarrhea and malnutrition.
Trichomonas vaginalis: Sexually transmitted pathogen, causing vaginitis and associated complications.
Balantidium coli: Results in balantidiasis, a rare but serious intestinal infection.

Trypanosoma species: T. cruzi (Chagas disease) and T. brucei species (African sleeping sickness) are critical for tropical disease control.
Leishmania donovani & L. infantum: Responsible for visceral leishmaniasis, with significant mortality if untreated.
Plasmodium species: Includes falciparum (malignant malaria) and vivax (relapsing malaria), pivotal in malaria epidemiology.
Biomphalaria: Host for Schistosoma mansoni, leading to schistosomiasis.
Paragonimus westermani: Lung fluke causing respiratory issues upon infection.

Fasciola hepatica & Clonorchis sinensis: Liver flukes leading to significant liver disease.
Taenia solium: Pork tapeworm associated with cysticercosis and serious neurological issues.
Ascaris lumbricoides: Large intestinal roundworm causing malnutrition and gastrointestinal blockage.
Ankylostoma duodenale and Wuchereria bancrofti: Hookworm disease leading to anemia and lymphatic filariasis respectively.
Onchocerca volvulus: Causes river blindness, and can lead to severe societal consequences.
Dracunculus medinensis: Guinea worm disease, a preventable illness associated with drinking contaminated water.