VCE Chemistry Exam Structure 2024

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Questions and Answers

Which substance is likely to have the highest viscosity based on the flashpoint trend observed?

All substances have the same viscosity

Substance Z

Substance Y

Substance X (correct)

What is the effect of a catalyst on a chemical reaction?

Stabilizes the products of the reaction

Changes the activation energy of the reaction (correct)

Increases the potential energy of the reactants

Shifts the equilibrium position of the reaction

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between the anode and cathode in both electrolytic and galvanic cells?

Electrons move from the cathode to the anode

The anode is negative in both cases (correct)

The anode is positive in both cases

The cells do not have separate half-cells

When the temperature of a gas is increased while pressure remains constant, what happens to its volume?

The volume increases Signup and view all the answers

According to the collision theory, what condition must be met for a reaction to occur?

Molecules must collide with sufficient kinetic energy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process that occurs when a fat molecule is hydrolyzed?

Glycerol molecules are formed along with three water molecules Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is indicated by a decrease in temperature of the surroundings when reactants are mixed?

Endothermic and does not convert energy to mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculated pressure of 3.0 mol of a gas in a 60 L container at 127 °C?

1.9 × 10^5 kPa Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the calibration factor for the bomb calorimeter from the given data.

1080 J/°C Signup and view all the answers

Which variable must be measured to test Faraday's first law of electrolysis?

Current through the circuit Signup and view all the answers

What would the state of the mobile phase be during the separation of a mixture via HPLC?

Liquid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds would likely have the longest retention time in HPLC given the phase characteristics?

Propanoic acid Signup and view all the answers

How much carbon dioxide is produced when 5.0 g of ethanol undergoes complete combustion?

9.6 g Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding energy profile diagrams is always true?

Both A and B are always true Signup and view all the answers

When a sample of gas is heated at constant pressure, approximately what volume change occurs?

Volume doubles Signup and view all the answers

What is a correct statement about fuel cells?

The state of the electrolyte can vary Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference in how fuel cells and galvanic cells obtain their reactants?

Galvanic cells use a stored supply of reactants while fuel cells use a continuous supply. Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy conversion does a galvanic cell perform?

It converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which property can be directly determined using a calorimeter?

The enthalpy change of a chemical reaction. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a component of a scientific poster?

The results section compares actual results with theoretical expectations. Signup and view all the answers

How do fuel cells differ in energy conversion compared to galvanic cells?

Fuel cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy, while galvanic cells convert electrical energy into chemical energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can NOT be directly measured with a calorimeter?

Standard electrode potential. Signup and view all the answers

Which section of a scientific poster should include a summary of interpretation of data?

Discussion section. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is true regarding the materials allowed during the examination?

Students must bring their own scientific calculators. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the energy profile diagram remains unchanged when one reactant is in excess?

The shape of the energy profile diagram Signup and view all the answers

Which two amino acid residues correspond to the given dipeptide structure?

Glutamic Acid and Aspartic Acid Signup and view all the answers

How many products with optical isomers could potentially result from the reaction of Cl2 with 2-methylbutane?

Two possible products with optical isomers Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes lithium-ion cells during operation?

Battery current is influenced by the electrodes' surface area. Signup and view all the answers

What does the area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve represent?

Total number of particles in the gas sample Signup and view all the answers

In a methanol-oxygen fuel cell, what is true regarding water production compared to an experimental galvanic cell?

The same amounts of water are produced at both electrodes. Signup and view all the answers

What does a high battery voltage in lithium-ion cells typically indicate?

A high extent of chemical reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the energy profile diagram for a reaction?

It does not change regardless of concentration effects. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the process of vaporization in chromatography?

The sample is vaporized before passing through the stationary phase. Signup and view all the answers

What does a high retention time in chromatography signify about a component?

It indicates the component is strongly attracted to the stationary phase. Signup and view all the answers

Which IUPAC name and type of alcohol corresponds to the provided structure?

2-methylpentan-3-ol; secondary Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected product of the condensation reaction between methanoic acid and ethanamine?

An amide Signup and view all the answers

How is the rate of the forward reaction affected when the temperature is increased in an exothermic reaction?

The rate initially increases and then decreases as the system shifts. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is correctly labeled on an energy profile diagram?

The horizontal axis is labeled 'Reaction Coordinate'. Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred if a reaction is at equilibrium and the temperature changes?

The reaction may shift left or right depending on the nature of the enthalpy change. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Examination Structure

VCE (NHT) Chemistry Examination scheduled for Wednesday, 22 May 2024.
Reading time: 15 minutes (2:00 PM - 2:15 PM).
Writing time: 2 hours 30 minutes (2:15 PM - 4:45 PM).
Approved materials: One scientific calculator only.
Supplied materials include a 36-page Question and Answer book, a Data Book, and a Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet.

Examination Instructions

Follow instructions on the Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet carefully.
At the end of the exam, the Multiple-Choice Answer Sheet must be placed inside the front cover of the Question and Answer Book.
Mobile phones and unauthorized electronic devices are prohibited in the examination room.

Content Overview

Section A consists of 30 questions worth 30 marks.
Section B includes 9 questions worth 90 marks.

Key Concepts and Questions

Galvanic Cells vs. Fuel Cells
- Galvanic cells use a stored supply of reactants, converting chemical energy into electrical energy, while fuel cells require a continuous supply of reactants.
Calorimetry
- A calorimeter can be used to calculate the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction.
Scientific Posters
- The discussion section highlights outliers in results; the introduction should present the background, while results should compare findings against theoretical expectations.
Catalysts
- Catalysts lower the activation energy without being consumed.
Collision Theory
- A reaction occurs when reactant molecules collide with enough energy; increasing temperature generally increases collision frequency.

Energy Reactions

A cold test tube indicates an endothermic reaction, as energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Energy profiles illustrate enthalpy changes; exothermic reactions typically have lower activation energy than endothermic reactions.

Electrolysis and Faraday's Law

Faraday’s first law states that substance quantity produced is proportional to charge flow; the current through the circuit is the variable to measure.

Gas Laws and Calculations

To find pressure in a gas, use the ideal gas law; relevant calculations may involve temperature changes and volumes at varying pressures.

Practical Applications of Chemistry

Complete combustion of ethanol produces carbon dioxide, with calculations required for mass yield based on reactant input.

HPLC and Retention Times

HPLC employs a polar stationary phase and a non-polar mobile phase for separation; understanding retention times is crucial for identifying components.

Structural Chemistry

Understanding IUPAC naming and recognizing the type of alcohols is essential for interpreting molecular structures.

Amino Acids and Peptides

Dipeptides can consist of combinations like glutamic acid and asparagine, recognized through structural formulas.

Lithium-Ion Cells

Lithium-ion cells rely on specific reactions to function; understanding voltage and reaction extent is vital for their application in technology.

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution

The area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann curve represents the total number of particles in a gas sample, correlating to kinetic theory.

Fuel Cells vs. Galvanic Cells

Methanol-oxygen fuel cells and galvanic cells differ in reaction conditions while still adhering to principles of electron transfer during energy production.

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Description

Prepare for the VCE Chemistry Examination scheduled for May 22, 2024. This quiz outlines the examination structure, including reading and writing times, materials allowed, and key concepts like Galvanic Cells and Fuel Cells. Test your understanding of these fundamental topics and ensure you're ready for the exam.