VCE Applied Computing Unit 3 Software Development
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of functional requirements?

  • They specify the desired functionality of the system.
  • They focus on what the software should do.
  • They describe the features the software must have.
  • They define how well the software performs. (correct)

    • Mock-ups are used to visually represent user interfaces.

    True (A)

    What is the purpose of a data dictionary?

    A data dictionary documents the structure and meaning of data used in a system.

    The ______ data type can store only positive whole numbers.

    <p>Unsigned Integer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which data type is most suitable for storing a person's name?

    <p>Text (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following data source types with their file extensions:

    <p>Plain text = .txt Delimited = .csv XML = .xml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naming conventions for solution elements should be consistent and easy to understand.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of internal documentation?

    <p>Internal documentation explains the logic, structure, and functionality of code for future maintenance and development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What data type is used in Example 1 to represent a student record?

    <p>Dictionary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the dictionary example, the initial age of the student is set to 18.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key used to access the student's name in the dictionary?

    <p>name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A class is more structured for defining records when multiple ________ are needed.

    <p>instances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the programming concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Dictionary = A collection of key-value pairs Class = A blueprint for creating objects Field = An attribute of a record Instance = A specific realization of a class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using arrays?

    <p>They allow for the effective organization and retrieval of related data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A two-dimensional array can be accessed using a single index.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a record consist of?

    <p>fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An array that contains multiple rows and columns is called a __________.

    <p>two-dimensional array</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following descriptions with their corresponding data structures:

    <p>Array = Grouped data of the same type Two-dimensional array = Data stored in a table format Record = Collection of related elements Field = Individual data item in a record</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example provided, how is the score of Student 3 modified?

    <p>By directly changing the value at the specific row and column. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Records can contain elements of different data types.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of arrays in programming?

    <p>To efficiently organize and order related data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a null-terminated string in programming?

    <p>It ends with a special character ( extbackslash 0) for efficient storage and handling of strings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Boolean data type can represent multiple values such as 'True', 'False', and 'Maybe'.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What character signifies the end of a null-terminated string?

    <p>\0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A data structure is a method of organizing data to enable __________ operations.

    <p>efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following data types or structures with their descriptions:

    <p>Boolean = Represents true/false values. Null-terminated String = Ends with a null character to signify termination. Array = A collection of elements identified by index. Record = A composite data structure that can hold mixed data types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which encoding supports a broader range of characters, including special symbols for different languages?

    <p>UTF-8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The null character can be part of the data in a null-terminated string.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In programming languages like C and C++, null-terminated strings are used for __________ string handling.

    <p>efficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    VCE Applied Computing - Units 3&4 Software Development

    • This course covers software development, specifically programming.
    • Topics include Unit 3 Software Development, Area of Study 1 - Software Development: Programming.

    Chapter 1 - Introduction to Programming

    • Key Knowledge Points:
      • Characteristics of functional and non-functional requirements, constraints, and scope.
      • Design tools for representing modules (data dictionaries, mock-ups, object descriptions, IPO charts, pseudocode).
      • Characteristics of data types (text, numeric, Boolean).
      • Types of data structures (one- and two-dimensional arrays, records, varying data types, field index).
      • Characteristics of data sources (plain text, delimited text, XML files).
      • Naming conventions for solution elements.
      • Purposes of internal documentation.

    Data Types

    • Definition: A data type classifies a variable, dictating the kind of data it can hold and how it can be manipulated.
    • Consistency: Data types are consistent across programming languages, even though languages vary widely.
    • Importance: Choosing the correct data type is critical for efficiency in programming.
    • Efficiency Example: Using a numeric data type with decimal support for whole numbers is inefficient; storing numbers as strings is also less efficient.

    Numeric Data Types

    • Includes integers, floating-point numbers (decimals), and date/time values (stored as integers).
    • Integers:
      • Unsigned: Stores only positive whole numbers.
      • Signed: Stores both positive and negative whole numbers.
    • Operations: Supports mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, assigning values, powers).
    • Order of Operations: Follows BODMAS rules (Brackets, Orders, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction). Operations with the same precedence are evaluated from left to right.

    Question

    • Which data type is most suitable for storing a person's age? Answer: Integer.
    • Storing whole numbers as floating-point is inefficient.

    Text and Character Data Types

    • Character Data Type: Represents single meaningful units of information (e.g., letters, numbers, symbols).
    • Character Encoding: Translates binary data into characters (e.g., ASCII, UTF-8).
      • ASCII: For English characters.
      • UTF-8: Supports diverse languages and symbols.
    • Text/Strings: A sequence of characters, often implemented as arrays.

    Null-Terminated Strings

    • Definition: A string ending with a special character (\0) to indicate the end of the string, used for efficient storage and handling.
    • Purpose: Efficiently determines the length of the string without needing additional information.
    • Usage: Commonly used in low-level programming for efficient string handling.

    Boolean Data Types

    • Has two values: 0 (False) and 1 (True).
    • Used in decision-making and logical operations.
    • Uses comparison operators (e.g., <, >, ==) and logical operators (e.g., and, or, not).

    Data Structures

    • A method for organizing data to enable efficient operations. Data structures are more complex than individual data types.
    • Types: One-dimensional arrays, two-dimensional arrays, and records.

    Arrays

    • Contains grouped data of the same data type (e.g., character, numeric, Boolean).
    • Can store other data structures like fields, records.
    • Useful for efficiently organizing and ordering related data. Enables faster sorting and searching.
    • Example: Storing student heights more efficiently than separate variables.

    Two-Dimensional Arrays

    • A table-like structure with rows and columns (array of arrays).
    • Accessing elements requires two indices (row and column).

    Records and Fields

    • A basic data structure for collections of related elements (fields).
    • Fields have names and specific data types.
    • Example: A customer record with fields like firstName, lastName, and dateOfBirth.

    Dictionaries

    • A data structure where keys are field names, and values are the corresponding data.
    • Example: Storing student data with keys like "name," "age," etc.

    Classes

    • A more structured way to define records, particularly useful for multiple instances.
    • Example: Using a "Student" class to represent student data. Each student object will be an instance of the class.

    Additional Notes

    • Review the example Python code to understand how arrays/dictionaries can store and manipulate data; each piece of data can be found using its index.
    • Complete the textbook questions (Page 23 – Q1-4) on your own exercise book.

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    VCE Applied Computing Units 3&4 Software Development - Introduction to Programming PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of software development in VCE Applied Computing Units 3&4, focusing on programming. This quiz covers critical concepts such as functional and non-functional requirements, data types, data structures, and design tools. Test your knowledge on these essential principles to enhance your programming skills.

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