Vascular System Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which vasoconstrictor acts primarily via alpha 1 receptors?

  • Angiotensin II (correct)
  • Endothelin
  • Arginine vasopressin
  • Serotonin
  • Which substance causes vasodilation through its action on beta 2 receptors?

  • Bradykinins
  • Epinephrine (correct)
  • Histamine
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide
  • Which vasoactive substance is classified as a vasoconstrictor?

  • Bradykinins
  • Nitric oxide
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide
  • Histamine (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of vascular tone by endothelial cells?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that controls resistance across a vessel?

    <p>Cross-sectional area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor activation leads to a vasodilatory response at smooth muscle?

    <p>Beta 2 receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessels have the largest cross-sectional area in the vascular system?

    <p>Capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vasoactive substance is known for its role in promoting vasoconstriction?

    <p>Prostaglandin E2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of blood flow control, what substances modulate the vasomotor tone of arteries and veins?

    <p>Vasoactive substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors control systemic vascular resistance, as listed in the learning objectives?

    <p>Local factors and neurohumoral factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neural mechanism is predominantly responsible for extrinsic control of vascular tone?

    <p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do vasoactive substances primarily act upon to affect blood pressure and blood flow distribution?

    <p>Vascular smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which control mechanism relies on substances acting on the Extracellular Fluid Volume (ECF) according to the text?

    <p>Renin-angiotensinogen-aldosterone system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes how an increase in blood viscosity affects vessel resistance?

    <p>Increases vessel resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the endothelium in regulating vascular tone?

    <p>Releasing vasodilators such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system largely determines systemic resistance in the regulation of blood pressure?

    <p>Blood vessel tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?

    <p>Endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for mean arterial pressure (MAP) as per the provided text?

    <p>MAP = CO x TPR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ primarily regulates intravascular volume in the context of blood pressure regulation?

    <p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of hormones or local factors in the regulation of blood pressure?

    <p>Modulating functions of other systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by blood pressure high enough to pose a danger to well-being?

    <p><strong>Hypertension</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arterial baroreceptors play a significant role in which mechanism related to blood pressure regulation?

    <p><strong>Monitoring blood pressure changes</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

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