Vascular System Structure and Function Quiz

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Which vasoconstrictor acts primarily via alpha 1 receptors?

Angiotensin II (correct)

Endothelin

Arginine vasopressin

Serotonin

Which substance causes vasodilation through its action on beta 2 receptors?

Bradykinins

Epinephrine (correct)

Histamine

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Which vasoactive substance is classified as a vasoconstrictor?

Bradykinins

Nitric oxide

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Histamine (correct)

Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of vascular tone by endothelial cells?

Serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that controls resistance across a vessel?

Cross-sectional area Signup and view all the answers

Which type of receptor activation leads to a vasodilatory response at smooth muscle?

Beta 2 receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels have the largest cross-sectional area in the vascular system?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which vasoactive substance is known for its role in promoting vasoconstriction?

Prostaglandin E2 Signup and view all the answers

In the context of blood flow control, what substances modulate the vasomotor tone of arteries and veins?

Vasoactive substances Signup and view all the answers

Which factors control systemic vascular resistance, as listed in the learning objectives?

Local factors and neurohumoral factors Signup and view all the answers

Which neural mechanism is predominantly responsible for extrinsic control of vascular tone?

Sympathetic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What do vasoactive substances primarily act upon to affect blood pressure and blood flow distribution?

Vascular smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which control mechanism relies on substances acting on the Extracellular Fluid Volume (ECF) according to the text?

Renin-angiotensinogen-aldosterone system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes how an increase in blood viscosity affects vessel resistance?

Increases vessel resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the endothelium in regulating vascular tone?

Releasing vasodilators such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin Signup and view all the answers

Which system largely determines systemic resistance in the regulation of blood pressure?

Blood vessel tone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?

Endothelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for mean arterial pressure (MAP) as per the provided text?

MAP = CO x TPR Signup and view all the answers

Which organ primarily regulates intravascular volume in the context of blood pressure regulation?

Kidney Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of hormones or local factors in the regulation of blood pressure?

Modulating functions of other systems Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by blood pressure high enough to pose a danger to well-being?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

Arterial baroreceptors play a significant role in which mechanism related to blood pressure regulation?

Monitoring blood pressure changes Signup and view all the answers