Vascular Structures and Pathologies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main pathological process associated with the development of arterial atheroma formation?

  • Fibrin mesh formation
  • Platelet adhesion (correct)
  • Inappropriate activation of hemostatic mechanisms
  • Thrombus formation

Which phase of atherosclerosis is characterized by individuals being typically middle-aged to elderly and experiencing symptomatic complications such as aneurysm and occlusion by thrombus?

  • Clinical Phase (correct)
  • Advanced/vulnerable phase
  • Pre-clinical Phase
  • Fibrofatty phase

What is the primary influence on thrombus formation according to Virchow's triad?

  • Fibrin mesh formation
  • Normal physiological processes
  • Abnormal vascular structure (correct)
  • Inappropriate activation of hemostatic mechanisms

In the clinical phase of atherosclerosis, what is a common complication that may result from atherosclerotic aneurysms larger than 5cm?

<p>Rupture (A)</p>
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How is hemostasis defined in the context provided?

<p>Maintenance of blood in a clot-free state (D)</p>
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What is the primary process involved in maintaining blood in a fluid, clot-free state in normal vessels?

<p>Platelet adhesion (B)</p>
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What is the likely fate of a thrombus in a coronary artery?

<p>Dissolution through fibrinolysis (B)</p>
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What is a common cause of deep venous thrombosis?

<p>Advanced age and immobilization (A)</p>
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What is a possible source of emboli in the context of thrombi?

<p>Vegetations (C)</p>
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What is a common complication of superficial thrombi in varicose saphenous veins?

<p>Local edema and varicose ulcers (B)</p>
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What is a major cause of arterial thrombosis?

<p>Atherosclerosis (A)</p>
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What is the term for the formation of multiple small lumens in a previously occluded coronary artery?

<p>Recanalization (B)</p>
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What is the result of Atheroma or lipid accumulation in the intima of large and small arteries?

<p>A sudden and serious chronic disease (A)</p>
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Which type of arteriosclerosis is characterized by the buildup of cholesterol plaques?

<p>Atherosclerosis (D)</p>
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What is the outcome of chronic inflammation and lipid accumulation in the arteries?

<p>A hardened and thickened artery wall (C)</p>
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What is the primary location affected by Hyaline arteriolosclerosis?

<p>Arterioles (B)</p>
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What is the characteristic of Atherosclerosis?

<p>Gradual onset with sudden complications (C)</p>
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What is the outcome of Monckeberg's medial calcific sclerosis?

<p>Calcification of the medial layer of the artery (A)</p>
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What factors increase the risk of thrombus formation?

<p>Old age, family history, and hypertension (A)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a type of atherosclerotic plaque?

<p>Simple plaques (D)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of complicated plaques?

<p>Increased blood flow (D)</p>
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What part of the vessel wall does atherosclerosis initially affect?

<p>Intima (A)</p>
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Which of the following is NOT a component of a fatty streak?

<p>Fibrous tissue (B)</p>
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What is the general consensus regarding the etiology of atherosclerosis?

<p>Most theories suggest endothelial and media damage (B)</p>
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What is a thrombus?

<p>A mass formed from the blood constituents within a vessel or the heart during life. (A)</p>
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What is the dull red color on the myocardium consistent with?

<p>Underlying myocardial infarction. (B)</p>
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What type of thrombosis is occlusive coronary atherosclerosis?

<p>A thrombosis of a coronary artery. (A)</p>
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What significantly narrows the coronary artery mentioned in the text?

<p>Yellow tan plaques of atheroma. (A)</p>
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What completely occludes the coronary mentioned in the text?

<p>Red thrombus. (B)</p>
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What is the significance of the opened left anterior descending coronary artery?

<p>It demonstrates an opened left anterior descending coronary artery. (B)</p>
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