Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Regulation and Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of blood vessels in the body?

  • To filter waste from the blood
  • To establish a delivery and exchange system for oxygen and nutrients to tissues (correct)
  • To produce blood cells
  • To regulate blood pressure
  • What is the significance of understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms of blood vessel function?

  • To develop new treatments for vascular diseases
  • To understand the cause of death in developing countries
  • To improve diagnosis and therapeutics development (correct)
  • All of the above
  • What is the role of vascular endothelial cells?

  • To regulate immune responses
  • To control blood pressure
  • To regulate vascular barrier function (correct)
  • To produce blood cells
  • What is the consequence of blood vessel dysfunction?

    <p>People die of dysfunction of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nitric oxide in vascular function?

    <p>To regulate vascular endothelial cell function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of angiogenic processes?

    <p>To regulate neovessel formation in homeostatic and pathologic conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of endothelial NO production in resistance vessels?

    <p>Reduced myosin light chain phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of p27kip1 in the context of Rho/ROCK signaling?

    <p>Inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated surface area of the endothelium in an adult human body?

    <p>The area of 8 tennis courts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of SERCA in myosin light chain dephosphorylation?

    <p>Calcium pumping back into SR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mono-cellular layer lining the lumen of all blood vessels and the surfaces of the heart chambers?

    <p>Endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of balloon injury in the rat carotid artery model?

    <p>Neointimal formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of endothelial cells in response to stimuli such as a wound?

    <p>To rapidly proliferate and invade hypoxic and ischemic tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of neovessel formation is driven by endothelial progenitor cells from the bone marrow?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following signaling pathways is involved in lymphangiogenesis?

    <p>VEGF-VEGFRs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of limb amputation in diabetic patients?

    <p>Critical limb ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of VEGF-A on vascular permeability?

    <p>It strongly increases vascular permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by diminished angiogenesis and vasculogenesis?

    <p>Diabetic foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

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