Questions and Answers
What is the drug classification of Valium?
The recommended dose range for oral administration (PO) of Valium is __________ mg, 2 to 4 times daily.
2 to 10
What is the pharmacological action of Valium?
Enhances action of GABA
Which of the following are therapeutic uses of Valium? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following are side effects of Valium? (Select all that apply)
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What should be avoided while taking Valium?
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What nursing intervention is recommended for patients taking Valium?
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What is a nursing administration concern for geriatric patients taking Valium?
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How is the effectiveness of Valium evaluated?
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Study Notes
Drug Classification
- Anxiolytic: helps reduce anxiety.
- Benzodiazepine: a class of medications known for sedative effects.
Dose Range
- Oral (PO): 2 to 10 mg taken 2 to 4 times daily.
- Intravenous (IV): 5 to 10 mg; preferred for optimal results.
Pharmacological Action
- Enhances the action of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity.
Therapeutic Uses
- Provides relief from anxiety.
- Induces sedation.
- Facilitates amnesia in medical procedures.
- Promotes muscle relaxation.
- Reduces seizure activity, including in acute cases like status epilepticus.
Side Effects/Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and depression.
- Other effects: slurred speech, headache, nausea, vomiting, constipation, rash, dry mouth/throat, and sexual dysfunction.
Medication/Food Interactions
- Alcohol, antidepressants, and opioids can increase central nervous system (CNS) depression.
- Hormonal contraceptives may reduce the metabolism of diazepam.
- Contraindicated in combination with Ritonavir.
- Herbal interactions: kava kava, valerian, and chamomile can further enhance CNS depression.
Nursing Interventions/Client Education
- Gradual withdrawal from the medication is advised to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
- Patients should avoid driving if experiencing drowsiness.
- Pregnant individuals must notify their healthcare provider.
- Increased fluid intake is encouraged.
- Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions to prevent dizziness.
- Caffeine and other CNS depressants should be avoided.
Nursing Administration (Concerns)
- Vital signs should be monitored, especially blood pressure and respiratory rate.
- Regular assessments should determine the ongoing necessity of the medication.
- Elderly patients are at higher risk for falls, requiring careful monitoring.
Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness
- Effective if there is a noticeable decrease in anxiety levels, which may take 1-2 weeks to manifest.
- In cases of alcohol withdrawal, effectiveness is indicated by decreased tremulousness and better rational ideation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Valium (diazepam) with these flashcards covering key topics such as drug classification, dosage ranges, pharmacological actions, and therapeutic uses. Ideal for students and professionals in the medical field looking to reinforce their understanding of this commonly used medication.
