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Questions and Answers
What is the trade name for Diazepam?
What is the trade name for Diazepam?
- Xanax
- Klonopin
- Valium (correct)
- Ativan
What class is Diazepam?
What class is Diazepam?
Long-acting, Benzodiazepine; Sedative-Hypnotic; Anticonvulsant; Schedule IV drug.
What is Diazepam's mechanism of action (MOA)?
What is Diazepam's mechanism of action (MOA)?
Diazepam potentiates the effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters, raises the seizure threshold, and also induces amnesia and sedation.
What are the indications for Diazepam?
What are the indications for Diazepam?
What are the contraindications for Diazepam?
What are the contraindications for Diazepam?
What are the adverse reactions/side effects of Diazepam?
What are the adverse reactions/side effects of Diazepam?
What are the drug interactions for Diazepam?
What are the drug interactions for Diazepam?
How is Diazepam supplied?
How is Diazepam supplied?
What is Diazepam's dosage and administration for adults with seizure activity?
What is Diazepam's dosage and administration for adults with seizure activity?
What is Diazepam's dosage and administration for adults in premedication for cardioversion?
What is Diazepam's dosage and administration for adults in premedication for cardioversion?
Match the following aspects of Diazepam's duration of action:
Match the following aspects of Diazepam's duration of action:
What are the special considerations for Diazepam?
What are the special considerations for Diazepam?
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Study Notes
Diazepam Overview
- Trade Name: Valium
- Classification: Long-acting Benzodiazepine; Sedative-Hypnotic; Anticonvulsant; Schedule IV drug.
Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters.
- Raises seizure threshold.
- Induces amnesia and sedation.
Indications
- Acute anxiety states and agitation.
- Acute alcohol withdrawal management.
- Muscle relaxant.
- Treatment of seizure activity.
- Sedation for medical procedures: intubation, cardioversion, and for ventilated patients.
- Helpful in acute symptomatic cocaine overdose.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Diazepam.
- Narrow-Angle Glaucoma.
- Myasthenia Gravis.
- Respiratory Insufficiency.
- Coma or significant head injuries.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
- Common effects: Dizziness, Drowsiness, and Confusion.
- Other effects: Headache, Respiratory Depression, Hypotension, Reflex Tachycardia, Nausea, Vomiting, Muscle Weakness.
- Rare but serious: Tissue Necrosis, Ataxia, Thrombosis, and Phlebitis.
Drug Interactions
- Diazepam is incompatible with most drugs and fluids.
Dosage and Administration
- For Adult Seizure Activity: 5-10 mg IV every 10-15 minutes (maximum of 30 mg), administer 5 mg over 5 minutes.
- For Premedication for Cardioversion: 5-15 mg IV over 5-10 minutes prior to procedure.
Duration of Action
- Onset: 1-5 minutes after administration.
- Peak Effects: Reached within 15 minutes.
- Duration of Action: 20-50 minutes.
Special Considerations
- Pregnancy Category: D (evidence of risk).
- Anticonvulsant effect has a short duration.
- Dosing: Reduce by 50% in elderly patients.
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