Vaccines: History of Vaccination and Smallpox Eradication
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Questions and Answers

Which type of disease is not affected by herd immunity?

  • Tetanus (correct)
  • Measles
  • Influenza
  • COVID-19

What is a reason for the inability to develop effective vaccines for HIV?

  • Lack of natural immunity to HIV (correct)
  • Excessive variability of HIV types
  • Abundance of animal models reliably predicting vaccine efficacy in humans
  • Overabundance of correlates of protective immunity

Which type of immunity is provided by giving antibodies from an exposed donor specific to an infectious agent?

  • Innate immunity
  • Passive immunity (correct)
  • Active immunity
  • Adaptive immunity

Which virus causes certain cancers like cervical, anal, penile, and head and neck cancers?

<p>HPV virus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of vaccine is Gardasil, which is effective against HPV?

<p>Protein subunit vaccine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to Dr. Andrew Wakefield being struck off the register by the UK General Medical Council?

<p>Conducting scientific misconduct related to MMR vaccine and autism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of milkmaids seldom getting smallpox?

<p>Their exposure to cowpox provided cross-protection against smallpox. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the last reported case of Smallpox at the University of Birmingham in 1978?

<p>The patient contracted smallpox and died shortly after. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine is produced using recombinant DNA techniques for rapid and reliable attenuation?

<p>Live attenuated vaccines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an adjuvant in a vaccine?

<p>Boosts innate immune activity to enhance adaptive immunity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does herd immunity protect against diseases in a community?

<p>By indirect protection from a sufficient number of immune individuals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant outcome of the last reported case of Smallpox at the University of Birmingham in 1978?

<p>Improvements in laboratory handling of dangerous pathogens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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