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Vaccines: History of Vaccination and Smallpox Eradication

12 Questions

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Vaccines: History of Vaccination and Smallpox Eradication

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Questions and Answers

Which type of disease is not affected by herd immunity?

Tetanus (correct)

Measles

Influenza

COVID-19

What is a reason for the inability to develop effective vaccines for HIV?

Lack of natural immunity to HIV (correct)

Excessive variability of HIV types

Abundance of animal models reliably predicting vaccine efficacy in humans

Overabundance of correlates of protective immunity

Which type of immunity is provided by giving antibodies from an exposed donor specific to an infectious agent?

Innate immunity

Passive immunity (correct)

Active immunity

Adaptive immunity

Which virus causes certain cancers like cervical, anal, penile, and head and neck cancers?

HPV virus Signup and view all the answers

What kind of vaccine is Gardasil, which is effective against HPV?

Protein subunit vaccine Signup and view all the answers

What event led to Dr. Andrew Wakefield being struck off the register by the UK General Medical Council?

Conducting scientific misconduct related to MMR vaccine and autism Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of milkmaids seldom getting smallpox?

Their exposure to cowpox provided cross-protection against smallpox. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the last reported case of Smallpox at the University of Birmingham in 1978?

The patient contracted smallpox and died shortly after. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine is produced using recombinant DNA techniques for rapid and reliable attenuation?

Live attenuated vaccines Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an adjuvant in a vaccine?

Boosts innate immune activity to enhance adaptive immunity. Signup and view all the answers

How does herd immunity protect against diseases in a community?

By indirect protection from a sufficient number of immune individuals. Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant outcome of the last reported case of Smallpox at the University of Birmingham in 1978?

Improvements in laboratory handling of dangerous pathogens. Signup and view all the answers