36 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic finding of Terson syndrome?
Preretinal hemorrhage overlying the macula
What is the underlying mechanism of Purtscher retinopathy?
Intravascular shock wave transmitted to retinal vasculature
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic finding in Purtscher retinopathy?
Subretinal hemorrhage along the superior arcade
What is the recommended management for severe vision loss or bilateral hemorrhages in Terson syndrome?
Early vitrectomy to remove the hemorrhage
Which of the following statements about the symptoms of Purtscher retinopathy is TRUE?
Painless diminished visual acuity is a common presenting symptom
What is the recommended diagnostic approach for suspected Terson syndrome?
Prompt funduscopic exam and B-scan ultrasonography or CT head scan
What is the recommended initial screening for a patient starting hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)?
Fundus examination within the first year of use
Based on the given information, what is the calculated daily dosage of hydroxychloroquine for this 68 kg patient?
5.88 mg/kg
Which ancillary test is most useful in detecting hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in this patient?
10-2 Humphrey visual field testing
According to the information provided, what is the characteristic OCT finding in hydroxychloroquine retinopathy?
Foveal thinning and loss of the photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction
Which statement regarding the risk factors for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in this patient is correct?
The duration of use and dosage are major risk factors.
Which statement regarding hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in Asian patients is correct?
Initial damage is often seen in a peripheral extramacular distribution near the arcades.
Which imaging modality is MOST valuable for highlighting the characteristic early features of the condition?
Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging
What is the primary cause of the pigmentary maculopathy described in the text?
Elmiron use
Which of the following OCT findings is NOT described in the text?
Intraretinal cysts
What is the recommended frequency of follow-up examinations with fundus imaging after the initial baseline examination?
Annually
Which of the following findings is NOT described in the text for the right eye (OD)?
Retinal hemorrhages
What is the defining characteristic of pathologic/degenerative myopia?
Axial length of the eye greater than or equal to 26.5mm
Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign of pathologic/degenerative myopia?
Epiretinal membrane
What is the underlying pathology of angioid streaks?
Breaks in the calcified Bruch's membrane
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with the development of angioid streaks?
Age-related macular degeneration
What is the characteristic appearance of angioid streaks on clinical examination?
Reddish-brown or gray bands radiating from the optic disc
What is the term used to describe the diffuse mottling of the retinal pigment epithelium seen in some cases of angioid streaks?
Peau d'orange
What is the recommended treatment for symptomatic retinal breaks in pathologic/degenerative myopia?
Both A and B
Which of the following statements about the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in pathologic/degenerative myopia is correct?
Anti-VEGF therapy is recommended for all subtypes of CNV
Which of the following laboratory tests would be most useful in the evaluation of suspected angioid streaks?
All of the above
What is the most appropriate initial management for an asymptomatic patient with angioid streaks and no choroidal neovascularization?
Recommend regular monitoring for development of CNV
What are the key features of Uveal Effusion Syndrome?
Lack of inflammation or severe pain, normal IOP
Which clinical presentation is NOT associated with Uveal Effusion Syndrome?
Inflammation and vitritis
What is the typical clinical appearance of Choroidal Folds?
Horizontal bands located at the posterior pole
What can cause Choroidal Folds according to the text?
Choroidal tumors and hypotony
How can Choroidal Rupture be characterized based on its shape?
Crescent shaped
What is a common symptom associated with Choroidal Rupture?
Decreased vision if hemorrhage present
What is the typical treatment approach for Choroidal Folds without space-occupying masses on a CT scan?
'Watchful waiting' or observation
Which of the following is NOT listed as part of the etiology of Choroidal Folds?
'COMANAGE' approach to treatment
What is a characteristic feature of Chorioretinal Abnormalities?
Focal shrinkage of choroid
Learn about the key clinical features and presentation of Uveal Effusion Syndrome, which includes detachments of choroid and ciliary body, non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, lack of inflammation, normal intraocular pressure, and 'leopard spots' on the retina.
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