USS RALPH JOHNSON DDG 114 ESWS Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

What type of submarine is designated as SSBN?

  • Attack Submarine
  • Guided-Missile Submarine
  • General Purpose Submarine
  • Ballistic Missile Submarine (correct)

Which SONAR type uses acoustic transmissions to determine contacts' bearing and range?

  • Surface Search SONAR
  • Towed Array SONAR
  • Passive SONAR
  • Active SONAR (correct)

What is the main purpose of the Torpedo Countermeasure (SLQ-25C/NIXIE)?

  • To enhance torpedo tracking
  • To run the torpedo out of fuel (correct)
  • To disable enemy sonar
  • To detect incoming torpedoes

What characteristics differentiate the P-8 Poseidon from the P-3 Orion?

<p>Jet-driven with longer on station time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the SLQ-25C (NIXIE) system?

<p>To operate as a torpedo countermeasure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does sound speed underwater change according to temperature?

<p>Increases by 6 FPS for every 1 degree increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature does the WQC-6 system provide?

<p>One-way secure communication from ship to submarine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) measure?

<p>Temperature vs. depth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hull-mounted SONAR array used for on USS RALPH JOHNSON?

<p>Utilize both Active and Passive SONAR operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the SONAR dome?

<p>It is typically filled with 26,000 gallons of fresh water. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about AN/SQR-20 is correct?

<p>It is towed behind the ship for enhanced recognition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average sound speed underwater?

<p>4800 FPS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Sensor Performance Prediction Functional Segment (SPPFS) assists SONAR operators by utilizing which factors?

<p>Temperature, salinity, and pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system allows for real-time communication between ship and shore?

<p>WQC-2A (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the UQN-10A (Fathometer)?

<p>Measuring depth of water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of the MK-54 torpedo compared to the MK-46?

<p>It has upgraded guidance and electronics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum deployable distance for the AN/SQR-20 Multi-Functional Towed Array?

<p>5600 FT (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a requirement during the deployment of the AN/SQR-20 Multi-Functional Towed Array?

<p>Use of more than 5 degree rudder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional segment is responsible for sonar data processing in underwater warfare operations?

<p>SCFS: Surface CAUSS Functional Segment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What pressure is required for the system involving interlocks?

<p>1600 psi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the optimal speed range for deploying the AN/SQR-20 Multi-Functional Towed Array?

<p>10-15 KTS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When utilizing MPRA/MH-60 for long-range detection, what is the primary search sensor used?

<p>SQS-53 HMA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Quiet Ship Bill in underwater warfare?

<p>To mitigate unnecessary noise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sonobuoy type provides passive detection?

<p>SSQ-53 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum effective range of the system that processes sonobuoys information?

<p>17500 yds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which weapon can be launched if both MPRA/MH-60 and MPA/SH-60 are unavailable?

<p>MK-32 MOD 15 SVTT (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Weapons Posture: 1, 2, 3' indicate in operational procedures?

<p>Levels of readiness for engagement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fuel is used by the MK46 & MK54 torpedoes?

<p>OTTO Fuel II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is correct regarding the characteristics of the VLA's rocket booster?

<p>The area downrange must be clear of ships and aircraft. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration for the tactical situation assessment in underwater warfare?

<p>Monitoring mobile contacts like submarines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which functional segment deals with acoustic intercepts in underwater operations?

<p>AI&amp;R: Acoustic Intercept &amp; Ranging Functional Segment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of specifying circumstances in the CO’s Battle Orders?

<p>To outline engagement limitations against threats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the MH-60R helicopter in underwater warfare?

<p>Carrying ASW torpedoes and directing attacks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which systems are used by the P-8 Poseidon for its operations?

<p>Sonobuoys, FLIR, and ES Detection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the UCFS stand for in the context of anti-submarine warfare?

<p>Undersea Warfare Control Functional Segment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is common to both the MK 32 Mod 15 SVTT and the MK 41 VLS?

<p>Fires anti-submarine weapons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of sensor system is NOT associated with the P-3 Orion?

<p>Electro-Optical Targeting System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of MK 46/54 torpedoes that the MH-60R can carry?

<p>2, and it must release 1 to land (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is associated with the MK 32 Mod 15 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes?

<p>Must be trained to 45 degrees to fire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using sonobuoys in anti-submarine warfare?

<p>They provide portable sonar capabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

SSN

Nuclear powered, General Purpose, Attack submarine.

SSBN

Nuclear powered, Ballistic Missile Submarine, serves as an undetectable launch platform.

SSGN

Nuclear powered, Guided-Missile Submarine for strike and special operation missions.

P-3 Orion

Long range ASW platform with surface search capabilities; propeller driven.

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P-8 Poseidon

Replacement for P-3 with longer mission duration; jet driven platform.

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Active SONAR

Sends acoustic transmissions to determine contacts' bearing and range.

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Passive SONAR

Listens for acoustic energy in water, gives bearing to classify contacts.

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Average sound speed underwater

Average is 4800 FPS and changes with temperature, salinity, and pressure.

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Sonobuoy

A portable sonar device used for underwater detection.

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MH-60R Helicopter

A helicopter used for anti-submarine warfare equipped with various sensors.

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Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA)

Aircraft designed for anti-submarine and reconnaissance missions.

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MK 46/54 Torpedo

Lightweight torpedoes used by the surface fleet.

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MK 32 Mod 15 SVTT

Surface vessel torpedo tubes for launching torpedoes over the side.

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VLS (Vertical Launch System)

A system for launching vertically oriented ASROC rockets.

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Undersea Warfare (USW)

Operations designed to counter underwater threats and train watchstanders.

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MPRA/MH-60

Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft used for long-range detection.

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SQS-53

A primary search sensor for underwater threats.

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Weapons Status: Free

Indicates that forces can engage the enemy without restriction.

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Quiet Ship Bill

Procedures to reduce noise from a ship during sonar operations.

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Torpedo Alertment Detection (TAD)

Functional segment designed to detect incoming torpedo threats.

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Battle Orders

Guidelines specifying conditions for engagement with the enemy.

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Weapons Posture

Determines levels of readiness and engagement rules of weapons.

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MK-46 Torpedo

An earlier variant of thermal torpedoes, carrying a 96 lbs explosive.

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MK-54 Torpedo

An upgraded version of MK-46 with better guidance and electronics.

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WQC-2A (Gertrude)

Two-way unsecure communication system for naval operations.

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SLQ-25C (NIXIE)

A torpedo countermeasure system with two 'fish' operating in seven modes.

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WQC-6 (Probe Alert)

One-way secure communication from a ship to a submarine using encryption.

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Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT)

Device measuring temperature vs depth up to 1600ft in 90 seconds.

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SONAR Dome

Protective rubber window housing SONAR transducers, filled with fresh water.

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UQN-10A (Fathometer)

Instrument to measure water depth, with various mode options.

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AN/SQR-20 Towed Array

A multi-functional towed array with a 610 FT drogue line, deployable up to 5600 FT.

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Maximum Speed for AN/SQR-20

Optimal deployment speed is 10-15 KTS with a maximum at 5-15 KTS.

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Conditions for AN/SQR-20 Deployment

Deploy under sea state of 5 or less, with turns less than 180 degrees.

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SONOBUOY Types

Includes SSQ-36, SSQ-53, SSQ-62, and SSQ-77 for various functions.

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Operating Pressure for Torpedoes

Operating pressure is 1600 psi (1500 psi + 100 psi for interlocks).

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Deployable Range for Sonobuoys

The range for deploying sonobuoys is typically 5,000 yards to 8,000 yards.

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USW Communication Systems

USW sends contacts through UCFS to C&D for engagements, connected to ALIS.

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OTTO Fuel II Hazards

Used in MK46 & MK54 torpedoes; it's dangerous if spilled and ignited.

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Study Notes

USS RALPH JOHNSON DDG 114 Underwater ESWS Study Guide

  • Submarine Types:

    • SSN: Nuclear-powered, general-purpose, attack submarine
    • SSBN: Nuclear-powered, ballistic missile submarine (Boomer)
    • SSGN: Nuclear-powered, guided-missile submarine

  • Aircraft:

    • P-3 Orion: Long-range anti-submarine warfare (ASW) platform with surface search capabilities. Uses propellers.
    • P-8 Poseidon: Replacement for the P-3, with longer on-station time. Uses jets.

  • SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging):

    • Purpose of Torpedo Countermeasure (SLQ-25C/NIXIE): To run the torpedo out of fuel by throwing firing calculations off.
    • Active Sonar: Sends acoustic transmissions using SQS-53 HMA to determine a contact's bearing and range.
    • Passive Sonar: Listens for acoustic energy in the water to determine bearing of acoustic energy and classify contacts.
    • Average sound speed underwater: 4800 FPS, varies proportionally with temperature, salinity and depth changes.

  • USS RALPH JOHNSON's SONAR SUITE:

    • AN/SQQ-89A(v)15 Multi-Functional Towed Array (Passive Array): Towed behind the ship for wide-range passive and active receive-only detection.
    • AN/SQS-53 Hull Mounted Array (Active or Passive): Housed in the SONAR dome for active and passive sonar operations.
    • Unit Specific information

  • Other Equipment:

    • Sonobuoys: Portable sonar used with over-the-horizon (OTH) or line-of-sight (LOS) antennas.
    • MH-60R Helicopter: Used in ASW operations. Capable of carrying torpedoes and using sensors.
    • Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA): P-3 or P-8. Used in ASW.
    • UCFS (Undersea Warfare Control Functional Segment): Controls ASW weapons launch.
    • MK 32 Mod 15 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes/ SVTT: Used to fire MK46/54 torpedoes (tubes must be trained to 45 degrees to fire)
    • MK 41 Vertical Launcher System (VLS): Used to launch vertical launched ASROC (anti-submarine rockets)
    • MK 46/54 Torpedoes: Lightweight, surface fleet torpedoes; thermal; running off OTTO fuel II
    • WQC-2A (Gertrude): 2-way unsecure comm (ship↔ship; ship↔sub; ship↔shore).
    • WQC-6 (Probe Alert): 1-way secure communication (ship→sub).
    • Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT): Measures temp vs. depth to 1600 feet in 90 seconds.
    • SONAR Dome: Houses SQS-53 transducers and maintains certain pressure (39.5 psi).
    • UQN-10A(Fathometer): Measures water depth using various modes (600 feet to 6000 fathoms).

  • Combat and Operational Procedures:

    • CO's Battle Orders: Outlines circumstances for force engagement
    • Weapons/Warning Status (Free, Tight, Safe/Red, Yellow, White): Determines posture for tactical situation.
    • Quiet Ship Bill: Minimizes noise/degrades SONAR for certain conditions.
    • Deployable Sonobouys: SSQ-36, SSQ-53, SSQ-62, SSQ-77

  • Specific Operating Parameters:

    • Multi-function Towed array (MFTA/SQR-20) characteristics and function
    • Depth Ranges (for SONAR): Varies based on different equipment

  • Miscellaneous:

    • OTTO fuel II: Utilized by MK46 & MK 54 torpedoes. Dangerous if spilled.
    • LPAC Watch/LPACs: Procedures and precautions for divers.

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