User-Centered Design Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What does Hick's Law suggest regarding decision-making?

Fewer choices decrease the time to make a decision. (correct)

Decisions are made faster with added visual aesthetics.

Decision-making is unaffected by the complexity of choices.

The more complex the options, the quicker the decision.

According to Miller's Law, what is the average capacity of items a person can hold in memory?

15 (±5)

10 (±3)

7 (±2) (correct)

5 (±1)

What does the Aesthetic-Usability Effect imply?

Poor designs are often easier to use than attractive ones.

Design attractiveness does not influence usability.

Attractive designs may seem easier to use, regardless of flaws. (correct)

Visual aesthetics should always be prioritized over functionality.

What principle is described by the Von Restorff Effect?

Unique elements are more noticeable and easier to remember. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended feedback time according to the Doherty Threshold to keep users engaged?

400ms Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of personas in the design process?

To represent the desires and needs of users Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key component of scenarios?

User's age Signup and view all the answers

What does PACT analysis evaluate regarding personas?

People, Activities, Contexts, and Technologies Signup and view all the answers

Which form of envisionment is specifically used to illustrate user pathways through a system?

Navigation maps Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of creativity in envisionment focuses on generating a wide variety of ideas?

Flexibility Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to evaluate personas through analysis?

To understand user interactions and needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of envisionment that can help visualize ideas?

Wireframes Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk when generating many variations of a single idea during envisionment?

Diminished clarity in the design process Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of storyboards in the design process?

To visualize the flow of the interactive experience. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following distinguishes high fidelity prototypes from low fidelity prototypes?

Low fidelity prototypes do not resemble the final solution closely. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key characteristics of a good system?

It should be intuitive for users to navigate and complete tasks. Signup and view all the answers

How does accessibility differ from usability in system design?

Usability focuses on efficiency for all users. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of dark UX practice?

Using deceptive button labels to manipulate user choices. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes inclusive design?

Addressing the diverse needs of different user groups. Signup and view all the answers

What could be a consequence of employing dark UX tactics?

Resulting in legal consequences due to regulations. Signup and view all the answers

What does Fitts's Law emphasize regarding button design?

Buttons should be large enough for easy clicking. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of universal design?

To eliminate the need for any adaptations or specialized designs. Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential strategy to build trust with users in a digital platform?

Presenting clear, upfront pricing with no hidden costs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is NOT associated with dark UX?

Clear consent options for cookies. Signup and view all the answers

What motivates users to choose a digital tool?

Personal economic benefits and ease of use. Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible impact of dark UX on user experience?

Creating frustration and distrust among users. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Personas and Scenarios

Personas are representations of users, based on research (interviews, questionnaires, observations).
Personas have specific goals and want to accomplish tasks.
PACT analysis (People, Activities, Contexts, Technologies) evaluates personas.
Scenarios are stories illustrating user experiences with a system, used for creating use cases.
Scenarios have a story/background, actions, and motivation.
Examples include finding products online or resetting passwords.
Personas and scenarios help design user-centered systems that meet real needs.

Prototyping and Envisionment

Envisionment visualizes ideas to share with others, using methods like stories, storyboards, navigation maps, wireframes, and prototypes.
Envisionment aims to explore alternatives and consider constraints (technology, resources).
Creativity in envisionment is judged by fluency (quantity of ideas) and flexibility (diversity of ideas).
Storyboards represent key moments in interaction, visualizing the flow and linking to personas and scenarios.
Storyboards include scenes, highlighting climaxes and endings.
Questions to consider include the tool's need, motivations for use, tasks accomplished, and involved steps.
Wireframes focus on screen structure and layout and are used for defining screen layouts.
Prototypes are partial representations, ranging from paper to digital, for evaluating interaction and addressing technical issues.
Prototypes can be low-fidelity (paper-based) or high-fidelity (detailed digital).

Accessibility and Usability

A good system is easy to use, learn, and provides a positive user experience.
Accessibility focuses on designing for people with disabilities, ensuring system use by all.
Usability focuses on system ease and efficiency for all users.
Inclusive design addresses diverse user needs, possibly with specialized solutions.
Universal design aims for one experience usable by everyone, avoiding adaptations.
Accessibility is crucial due to high numbers of people with disabilities (e.g., 1 in 5 in Norway) and aging populations, promoting equal access and reducing exclusion.
Approaches include universal design (single experience) and inclusive design (including many users).
Designing for accessibility involves user involvement, established guidelines, and adapting to diverse needs.

Dark UX

Dark UX manipulates users for business gain at the cost of good UX.
It exploits user biases and behaviors through various strategies.
Dark UX techniques include hidden costs, forced continuity, and misleading buttons.
Examples include subscription traps, cookie consent banners, and endless scrolling.
Dark UX concerns include user distrust, negative brand image, and potential legal issues.
Alternatives to dark UX are transparent pricing, easily cancellable subscriptions, and clear consent options.
Dark UX tactics, while potentially profitable, ultimately damage user relationships and brand reputation.

UX Laws and Principles

Jakob's Law: Users expect your site to function like others they're familiar with.
Fitts' Law: Buttons should be large enough to click easily(at least 44x44 px) and placed conveniently.
Hick's Law: Decision time increases with more choices. Limit and suggest options.
Miller's Law: People can hold about 7 ± 2 things in short-term memory. Group related information.
Postel's Law: Provide clear feedback, and be flexible with errors.
Aesthetic-Usability Effect: Attractive designs seem easier to use, even with flaws.
Von Restorff Effect: Unique items stand out and are remembered easier.
Doherty Threshold: Feedback within 400 ms keeps users engaged. Use animations.

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Description

Explore the essential techniques in user-centered design, including personas and scenarios, prototyping, and envisionment. This quiz tests your understanding of how these practices enhance user experiences and aid in creating effective systems. Dive into the details of design methodologies to better grasp their roles in UX design.