Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which president is known for the 'Square Deal' and trust-busting efforts?
Which president is known for the 'Square Deal' and trust-busting efforts?
What was the main focus of John Muir's advocacy?
What was the main focus of John Muir's advocacy?
Which muckraking journalist focused on exposing the conditions of child labor?
Which muckraking journalist focused on exposing the conditions of child labor?
Which of the following individuals founded Hull House?
Which of the following individuals founded Hull House?
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Which president was hesitant to support reforms and faced backlash from progressives?
Which president was hesitant to support reforms and faced backlash from progressives?
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What is W.E.B. Dubois best known for?
What is W.E.B. Dubois best known for?
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Which book by Upton Sinclair raised awareness about the meatpacking industry conditions?
Which book by Upton Sinclair raised awareness about the meatpacking industry conditions?
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Which prominent African American leader believed that economic value would end racism?
Which prominent African American leader believed that economic value would end racism?
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What was the primary focus of Wilson's 'New Freedom' domestic policy?
What was the primary focus of Wilson's 'New Freedom' domestic policy?
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Which amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States?
Which amendment granted women the right to vote in the United States?
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What is the primary function of the National Park Service established in 1916?
What is the primary function of the National Park Service established in 1916?
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What significant role did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) play?
What significant role did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) play?
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Which act was enacted to ensure consumer safety by regulating food and drug quality?
Which act was enacted to ensure consumer safety by regulating food and drug quality?
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Muller v. Oregon (1908) upheld restrictions on working hours for which group?
Muller v. Oregon (1908) upheld restrictions on working hours for which group?
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What does the direct primary allow voters to do?
What does the direct primary allow voters to do?
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What was one of the main purposes of the 16th Amendment?
What was one of the main purposes of the 16th Amendment?
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Study Notes
Theodore Roosevelt
- 26th president of the United States known for his conservation efforts.
- Promoted trust-busting policies, including the Hepburn Act for regulating railroads.
- Advocated for safe food regulations and initiated the "Square Deal," focusing on consumer protection and fair business practices.
William Taft
- 27th president; faced backlash from progressives for his cautious reform approach.
- Supported the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, which angered Roosevelt and led to losing progressive support.
- Defeated in his bid for a second term.
Woodrow Wilson
- 28th president, influential during World War I.
- Established the Federal Reserve and Federal Trade Commission.
- Advocated for progressive income tax, lower tariffs, and women's suffrage, though begrudgingly.
Eugene Debs
- Leader of the American Railway Union and figure in the Pullman strike.
- Imprisoned for defying a federal court order; radicalized in prison by socialist literature and became a key socialist figure in the U.S.
John Muir
- Naturalist advocating for wilderness preservation.
- Instrumental in the establishment of Yosemite National Park.
Booker T. Washington
- Prominent African American leader, formerly enslaved, who promoted economic self-reliance through vocational training.
- Founded the Tuskegee Institute and authored "Up from Slavery."
W.E.B. Dubois
- First African American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard.
- Championed resistance against segregation and co-founded the NAACP in 1910.
Florence Kelly
- Key figure in the settlement house movement and advocate for progressive labor reforms, particularly for women and children.
Ida Tarbell
- Investigative journalist known for her exposé on the abuses of the Standard Oil Company.
Lewis Hine
- Muckraker who used photography to highlight child labor conditions.
Upton Sinclair
- Muckraker and author of "The Jungle," which revealed appalling conditions in the meatpacking industry, shocking the public.
Jacob Riis
- Muckraker who documented poverty and poor living conditions in NYC in "How the Other Half Lives."
Ida B. Wells
- African American journalist and activist who fought against lynching in the United States.
Jane Addams
- Founded Hull House, providing vital services such as English lessons and childcare for immigrants.
Susan B. Anthony
- Leading figure in the women's suffrage movement, advocating for women's right to vote.
Wilson's New Freedom
- Woodrow Wilson's domestic agenda that emphasized antitrust reform, tariff reductions, and banking reforms.
Roosevelt’s Square Deal
- Roosevelt's domestic policy focused on conserving natural resources, regulating corporations, and ensuring consumer protection.
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
- Interracial organization established in 1909 aimed at ending segregation and achieving civil rights for African Americans.
Federal Reserve Act
- Created in 1913, established a federal banking system to regulate the money supply.
Clayton Antitrust Act
- Legislation designed to prevent monopolistic practices and protect the rights of unions and farm organizations.
Constitutional Amendments
- 16th Amendment: Authorized federal income tax.
- 17th Amendment: Mandated direct election of U.S. senators.
- 18th Amendment: Prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
- 19th Amendment: Granted women the right to vote.
Democratic Processes
- Direct Primary: Voters select candidates directly.
- Secret Ballot: Enables confidential voting by citizens.
National Park Service
- Established in 1916 to oversee national parks and monuments.
Direct Legislation Methods
- Initiative: Voters propose new laws or amendments.
- Referendum: Voters approve or reject proposed legislation.
- Recall: Procedure for voters to remove elected officials.
Council-Manager Plan
- City councils elected by voters appoint department heads and city managers to administer city functions.
Muller v. Oregon
- Landmark Supreme Court case (1908) upheld women's working hour restrictions for health protection.
National American Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)
- Founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, pushed for women's voting rights through a constitutional amendment.
Pure Food and Drug Act
- Legislation that stopped the sale of contaminated food and drugs, ensuring truthful labeling.
Meat Inspection Act
- Authorized meat inspections and established standards for meat safety.
Women's Suffrage Movement
- Movement aimed at securing voting rights for women, culminating in the 19th Amendment.
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
- Not referenced in detail but represents key issues of labor rights and workplace safety highlighted by reform movements of the era.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the influential presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. Explore their significant policies, reforms, and roles during pivotal moments in American history. This quiz covers their contributions, challenges, and the legacy they left behind.
