US History Treaties and Policies Quiz

Early American Expansion and Politics

• The Adam-Onis Treaty (1819) led to Spain ceding east Florida to the US and renouncing all claims to West Florida.
• The Monroe Doctrine (1823) is a US foreign policy that opposes European colonialism in the Western Hemisphere.
• The Missouri Compromise (1820) was written by Henry Clay and consisted of three parts:
  • Admitted Missouri as a slave state
  • Admitted Maine as a free state
  • Established 36°30’ as the boundary between slave and free states
• The American system, proposed by Henry Clay, is a tariff that protected and promoted American industry.
• The election of 1824 was nicknamed “Corrupt Bargain” because it was argued that Henry Clay convinced members of the house to vote for Adams.

Tariffs and Economic Development

• The tariff of 1828 and 1832 was a protective tariff primarily created to protect the rapidly growing industry-based economy of the north.
• The North and West approved of the tariff, while the South disapproved and nicknamed it the “Tariffs of Abominations”.
• The Nullification Crisis was a result of southern states resistance to imposed protective tariffs on foreign goods to guard emerging industries.
• Andrew Jackson’s response to the Nullification Crisis was to submit a force bill to Congress authorizing the use of federal troops in South Carolina if necessary to collect tariff duties.

Jacksonian Era and Democracy

• The Jacksonian Era expanded democracy in three ways:
  • More urban representation
  • Increased enfranchisement of white males
  • Stronger centralized government
• The Industrial Revolution was the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one of machine production.
• The Lowell System was a labor and production model adopted during the Industrial Revolution for producing textiles.
• The main forms of transportation in the north used to transport goods were waterways and a growing network of railroads.

Labor and Economy

• Working-class and immigrant families made up the majority of the labor force in factories in the mid-1800s.
• A trade union is an organization of workers whose purpose is to maintain and improve conditions of their employment.
• The method trade unions use to get owners to answer their demands for better wages and working conditions is collective bargaining.
• Cotton was referred to as “King Cotton” during this time, and the largest customers for cotton were China and India.
• The Cotton gin affected slavery in the south by making cotton growing so profitable for enslavers that it greatly increased their demand for both land and enslaved labor.

Southern Society and Economy

• Agricultural workers and enslaved people made up the majority of the labor force in the South.
• The main forms of transportation in the South used to transport goods were steamboats.
• A plantation owner is a wealthy individual who owns a large agricultural estate, known as a plantation.
• A Yeoman is a person with a run-down physique from labor.
• Plantation owners held the most power in southern society.

Native American Relations

• The Indian Removal Act was passed due to American demand for Indian nations’ land increasing and momentum growing to force American Indians further West.
• The Worcester v. Georgia case (1832) was about the states not having the right to impose regulations on Native American land.
• President Jackson ignored the court’s decision in the Worcester v. Georgia case.
• The Trail of Tears was the forced westward migration of the American Indian tribes from the South and Southwest to Indian territory in what is now Oklahoma.

Notable Figures

• Nat Turner was a notable figure in American history.### Jackson's Presidency
• President Jackson submitted a force bill to Congress to authorize the use of federal troops in South Carolina if necessary to collect tariff duties.
• He vetoed the charter of the second Bank of the United States, believing it trampled on states' rights.
• Instead, he put federal money into local or state banks, referred to as "pet banks".

Indian Removal and the Trail of Tears

• The Indian Removal Act was passed due to increased American demand for Indian nations' land, leading to the forced relocation of American Indians further West.
• The Worcester v. Georgia case ruled that states did not have the right to impose their laws on Native American lands.
• President Jackson ignored the court's decision, leading to the forced westward migration of American Indian tribes, known as the Trail of Tears, from the South and Southwest to Indian territory in what is now Oklahoma.

Expansion of Democracy

• The Jackson era expanded democracy in three ways:
  • More urban representation
  • Increased enfranchisement of white males
  • Stronger centralized government

Industrial Revolution

• The Industrial Revolution was the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one of machine production.
• It led to increased production and efficiency in manufactured goods.
• The Lowell System was a labor and production model adopted during the Industrial Revolution, where women lived in dorms and worked under one roof to produce textiles.
• Textiles were previously produced under the Putting-Out System.
• Water or steam-powered mills generated the power used in textile production.

Supreme Court Case and Commerce

• The Gibbons vs. Ogden Supreme Court case ruled that Congress has the power to regulate commerce, and federal law takes precedence over state laws.
• The significance of the ruling was that it forbade states from enacting any legislation that would interfere with Congress's right to regulate commerce among the separate states.

Urbanization and Labor

• Urbanization refers to the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities.
• Working-class and immigrant families made up the majority of the labor force in factories in the mid-1800s.
• The main forms of transportation in the North used to transport goods were waterways and a growing network of railroads.
• Trade unions were organizations of workers that maintained and improved conditions of their employment through collective bargaining.

Cotton and Slavery

• Cotton was referred to as "King Cotton" during this time.
• The largest customers for cotton were China and India.
• The Cotton gin affected slavery in the South by making cotton growing so profitable for enslavers that it greatly increased their demand for both land and enslaved labor.
• Agricultural workers and enslaved people made up the majority of the labor force in the South.
• The main forms of transportation in the South used to transport goods were steamboats.

Southern Society

• A plantation owner was a wealthy individual who owned a large agricultural estate, known as a plantation.
• A Yeoman was a farmer who worked their own land.
• Plantation owners held most of the power in southern society.
• Nat Turner was a notable figure in this era.