US History STAAR EOC Study Guide 2024

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Questions and Answers

What belief is associated with the Declaration of Independence?

Absolute monarchy

Dictatorship

Divine right of kings

Consent of the governed (correct)

What did the Principles of the Constitution limit?

Power of the federal government

What rights are protected by the 1st Amendment?

Freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly, and petition

What does the 5th Amendment ensure for people accused of crimes?

They must be read their rights Signup and view all the answers

The author of 'Democracy in America' is ______.

Alexis de Tocqueville Signup and view all the answers

Civic responsibilities include voting in elections.

True Signup and view all the answers

What period is referred to as the Gilded Age?

An era where businesses became wealthy and some government officials supported business policies Signup and view all the answers

How did electricity impact manufacturing?

Made it more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What role did railroads serve for farmers?

Provided access to distant markets Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a monopoly?

Total control of a product by one company Signup and view all the answers

What philanthropic contributions did Andrew Carnegie make?

Donations to education and the arts Signup and view all the answers

What did labor unions fight for?

Better pay and working conditions Signup and view all the answers

What was urbanization a result of?

Growth in industry Signup and view all the answers

What practice characterized political corruption?

Government officials took bribes Signup and view all the answers

Why did immigrants come to America?

For better economic conditions and jobs Signup and view all the answers

What type of discrimination did Irish immigrants face?

Persecution due to being Catholic Signup and view all the answers

What did nativists want regarding immigration?

Restrictions on immigration Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act?

To restrict competition with immigrants for jobs Signup and view all the answers

What did the Homestead Act result in?

Settling of the frontier by farmers Signup and view all the answers

What was the intention of the Dawes Act?

To assimilate Native Americans into American culture Signup and view all the answers

What was the Populist Party Platform focused on?

Coinage of silver and graduated income tax Signup and view all the answers

What did Upton Sinclair's book 'The Jungle' lead to?

Government regulation of food products Signup and view all the answers

What did Jane Addams establish?

The settlement house movement Signup and view all the answers

What organization did W.E.B. DuBois help found?

NAACP Signup and view all the answers

What state reforms increased democratic participation?

Initiative, referendum, recall Signup and view all the answers

What did the Pure Food and Drug Act do?

Protected consumers Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the National Park Service?

To conserve land Signup and view all the answers

What did the 19th Amendment accomplish?

Allowed women's suffrage Signup and view all the answers

Prohibition was initially successful in decreasing crime rates.

False Signup and view all the answers

What were the causes of the Spanish-American War?

Cuban Revolution and sinking of U.S.S. Maine Signup and view all the answers

What was one effect of the Spanish-American War?

Established America as a world imperial power Signup and view all the answers

What were reasons for American expansionism?

Access to natural resources and overseas markets Signup and view all the answers

Who advocated for overseas expansions by growing the U.S. Navy?

Alfred Thayer Mahan Signup and view all the answers

What was Hawaii's relationship with the U.S.?

Forced annexation Signup and view all the answers

What territory did the U.S. gain after the Spanish-American War?

Puerto Rico Signup and view all the answers

Why did the U.S. see a need for the Panama Canal?

To facilitate quicker travel for military and trade Signup and view all the answers

What were the causes of WWI?

Rise of militarism and assassination of Franz Ferdinand Signup and view all the answers

What characterized trench warfare?

Stalemate with machine guns Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Zimmermann Telegram?

U.S. withdrew from neutrality Signup and view all the answers

What did unrestricted submarine warfare lead to?

U.S. declaring war on Germany Signup and view all the answers

Who led the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)?

John J. Pershing Signup and view all the answers

What did the Espionage Act limit?

Americans' freedom of speech Signup and view all the answers

What were Wilson's Fourteen Points intended to establish?

League of Nations Signup and view all the answers

What did the Palmer Raids aim to do?

Arrest and deport suspected communists Signup and view all the answers

What was an effect of mass-manufacturing?

Made products affordable Signup and view all the answers

What characterized flappers in the 1920s?

Challenging traditional norms Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Migration?

Movement of African Americans to the North Signup and view all the answers

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

A cultural movement celebrating African American artistry Signup and view all the answers

What did overspeculation in the stock market lead to?

Great Depression Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the Great Depression?

Widespread unemployment and economic failure Signup and view all the answers

What caused the Dust Bowl?

Drought and poor farming practices Signup and view all the answers

What role did the New Deal play?

Expanded government responsibility for welfare Signup and view all the answers

What does the FDIC provide?

Guarantees bank deposits Signup and view all the answers

What did the Social Security Act create?

Government benefits program for the elderly Signup and view all the answers

What were unconstitutional programs in relation to New Deal policies?

Programs overturned by Supreme Court using the 10th Amendment Signup and view all the answers

What was Roosevelt's Court Packing Plan?

A response to the rejection of New Deal programs Signup and view all the answers

What did the 22nd Amendment achieve?

Limited president to two terms Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the U.S. entering WWII?

Pearl Harbor attack Signup and view all the answers

The justification for war included the stop of ______ spread.

totalitarian governments Signup and view all the answers

What were Victory Gardens?

Gardens to support the war effort by increasing food supply Signup and view all the answers

What new roles did women take during the war?

Joined nurse cadets and worked in factories Signup and view all the answers

What did Japanese American internment camps violate?

Liberties of Japanese American citizens Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Navajo Code Talkers play?

Transmitted secret military information Signup and view all the answers

Who was Vernon Baker?

An African American veteran who received the Medal of Honor Signup and view all the answers

What was the Holocaust?

The genocide of Jewish people Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Atomic Bomb?

A new weapon leading to Japan's surrender Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Berlin Airlift?

Get supplies to West Berlin Signup and view all the answers

What was the Marshall Plan designed for?

Provide financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe Signup and view all the answers

What was the Korean War focused on?

Stopping the spread of communism Signup and view all the answers

What was the Arms Race?

Competition to develop nuclear arsenals Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Sputnik?

Caused U.S. to invest in space technology Signup and view all the answers

What did the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigate?

Individuals believed to be associated with communism Signup and view all the answers

What was McCarthyism?

Movement leading to the arrest of suspected communists Signup and view all the answers

What caused the growth of suburbs after WWII?

Prosperity and baby boom Signup and view all the answers

What benefit did the GI Bill provide?

Education for military veterans Signup and view all the answers

What characterized economic prosperity post-WWII?

Consumer spending and growth of middle class Signup and view all the answers

What did vaccines aim to do?

Limit the spread of infectious diseases Signup and view all the answers

What did Brown v. Board of Education require?

Desegregation of schools Signup and view all the answers

Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?

An important leader of the civil rights movement Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Black Panthers?

To defend against racism and police brutality Signup and view all the answers

What happened in Little Rock, Arkansas?

Governor challenged desegregation Signup and view all the answers

What was the aim of the March on Washington?

Improve political rights and economic opportunities for minorities Signup and view all the answers

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1965 require?

Equal treatment of minorities in the workplace Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the Equal Employment Opportunity legislation?

Prevent discrimination in hiring practices Signup and view all the answers

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 end?

Poll taxes and literacy tests Signup and view all the answers

Who was Shirley Chisholm?

1st African American woman to serve in Congress Signup and view all the answers

What did the Cuban Missile Crisis involve?

Naval blockade of Cuba Signup and view all the answers

What did the Medicare Act of 1965 provide?

Health care for people aged 65 and older Signup and view all the answers

What was the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965 (HUD) aimed at?

Providing affordable housing for the poor Signup and view all the answers

What did the Chicano Workers Movement strive for?

Improved working conditions for migrant workers Signup and view all the answers

What was the Chicano Mural Movement focused on?

Building Hispanic cultural pride Signup and view all the answers

What did the Countercultural Movement represent?

Youth fashion and culture against traditional values Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Vietnam War for the U.S.?

Prevent communism from spreading Signup and view all the answers

What allowed the president to take military action without a declaration of war?

Tonkin Resolution Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the Anti-War Movement?

Protests against U.S. involvement in Vietnam Signup and view all the answers

What did the War Powers Resolution do?

Limited the military power of the executive branch Signup and view all the answers

What agency was created to protect the environment?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Signup and view all the answers

What did the Watergate scandal lead to?

Growing cynicism towards the government Signup and view all the answers

What is OPEC?

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Camp David Accords?

Peace treaty between Israel and Egypt Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Declaration of Independence

Asserted the belief in consent of the governed, influencing democratic movements globally.
Marked the recognition of the United States as an independent entity by other nations.

Principles of the Constitution

Established limits on federal government power through separation of powers and checks and balances.

1st Amendment

Guarantees fundamental freedoms: religion, press, speech, assembly, and petition.

5th Amendment

Ensures rights of individuals accused of crimes, including the requirement for Miranda rights.
Addresses eminent domain, protecting individuals from unlawful seizure of property.

Alexis de Tocqueville

Analyzed American democracy, highlighting key themes: liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissez-faire economics.

Civic Responsibilities

Emphasizes the importance of voting and jury service as fundamental to democratic participation.

Gilded Age

Characterized by significant wealth accumulation among businesses and corruption among government officials favoring corporate interests.

Electricity

Revolutionized manufacturing efficiency; the invention of the light bulb extended working hours and production capacity.

Railroads

Enhanced access for farmers to distant markets and facilitated westward expansion.

Monopolies

Represent total control of a market by one company; anti-monopoly laws enacted to safeguard consumer prices.

Andrew Carnegie

Prominent philanthropist known for significant contributions to education and the arts, reflecting a commitment to advancing society.

Labor Unions

Advocated for improved wages and working conditions for laborers, marking an important development in workers' rights.

Urbanization

Growth of industries prompted mass migration to cities, resulting in overcrowding and sanitation issues.

Political Corruption

Involvement of government officials in bribery and the manipulation of votes through political machines for personal gain.

Immigrants

Arriving for better economic opportunities, many faced pressure to assimilate into American culture.

Irish Immigrants

Faced discrimination largely due to religious beliefs, particularly their Catholic faith.

Nativists

Individuals advocating for restrictions on immigration and promoting cultural assimilation.

Chinese Exclusion Act

Legislation aimed at curtailing Chinese immigration due to job competition fears in the West.

Homestead Act

Promoted settlement and agricultural development in the western frontier.

Dawes Act

Aimed to assimilate Native Americans into American culture through land allotments.

Populist Party Platform

Advocated for monetary reform, including the coinage of silver, a graduated income tax, and railroad regulation.

Upton Sinclair

Wrote "The Jungle," leading to food safety reforms and the establishment of the FDA.

Jane Addams

Established the settlement house movement to support immigrant integration into American society.

W.E.B. Du Bois

Co-founder of the NAACP, advocating for the civil rights of African Americans through legal channels.

State Reforms

Initiatives such as referendums and recalls aimed at increasing citizen participation and accountability in government.

Pure Food and Drug Act

Legislation enforcing consumer protection in food products, spurred by investigative journalism from muckrakers.

National Park Service

Established under Roosevelt's administration to conserve natural lands.

19th Amendment

Granted women the right to vote, marking a critical milestone in women's suffrage.

Prohibition

Efforts to eliminate alcohol consumption led to increased organized crime and creation of speakeasies.

Causes of Spanish-American War

Key events included the Cuban Revolution and the mysterious sinking of the U.S.S. Maine.

Effects of Spanish-American War

Catalyst for the United States to emerge as an imperial power on the world stage.

Reasons for Expansionism

Motivated by resource acquisition and the drive to open new markets for trade.

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Advocated for strengthening the U.S. Navy to support overseas expansion.

Hawaii

Involuntary annexation facilitated by influential figures like Sanford B. Dole.

Puerto Rico

Became a U.S. territory following the Spanish-American War.

Panama Canal

Strategic construction was influenced by the need for quicker naval and commercial transit, initiated by Roosevelt's policies.

Causes of WWI

Notable factors included militarism and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Trench Warfare

Characterized by a stalemate on the Western Front, soldiers operated in entrenched positions with devastating modern weaponry.

Zimmermann Telegram

German communication seeking an alliance with Mexico, which shifted U.S. public opinion away from neutrality.

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

German attacks on American merchant vessels directly led to U.S. involvement in WWI.

American Expeditionary Force

Troops trained under General John J. Pershing played crucial roles during significant counterattacks in WWI.

Espionage Act

Legislation that curtailed freedom of speech during wartime under the guise of national security.

Wilson's Fourteen Points

President Wilson's vision for post-war peace including the proposal for a League of Nations, which Congress ultimately rejected.

Palmer Raids

Government response to fears of communism led to the arrest and deportation of suspected radicals.

Mass-Manufacturing

Innovations in production resulted in widespread affordability of goods, notably automobiles.

Flappers

Young women in the 1920s who defied social conventions through fashion and behavior, symbolizing a cultural shift.

Great Migration

Movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities seeking better economic conditions.

Harlem Renaissance

Flourishing of African American culture and arts in the 1920s, which laid groundwork for future civil rights movements.

Overspeculation

Contributed significantly to the onset of the Great Depression by inflating stock market values.

Great Depression

Severe economic downturn characterized by high unemployment, business failures, and widespread poverty.

Dust Bowl

Environmental disaster fueled by drought and unsustainable farming practices.

New Deal

Series of programs aimed at economic recovery and welfare provision established a new role for the federal government.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

Ensured the safety of bank deposits, restoring public confidence in the banking system.

Created a benefits program aimed at assisting the elderly, disabled, and retired, expanding government responsibility.

Unconstitutional Programs

Supreme Court interventions using the 10th Amendment resulted in the nullification of certain New Deal initiatives.

Roosevelt's Court Packing Plan

Controversial strategy intended to increase presidential power amidst opposition to New Deal policies.

22nd Amendment

Established a two-term limit for the presidency in response to Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office.

Pearl Harbor

Japanese attack that prompted U.S. entry into World War II.

Justification for War

Aimed at maintaining international stability and countering totalitarian regimes.

Victory Gardens

Home gardens promoted during WWII to bolster food production for the war effort.

Women

Assumed diverse roles during the war, from nursing to industrial labor, contributing significantly to wartime production.

Japanese American Internment Camps

Government-sanctioned removal of Japanese Americans, contravening 14th Amendment rights.

Navajo Code Talkers

Native speakers who played a crucial role in secure communications during WWII.

Vernon Baker

Notable African American WWII veteran awarded the Medal of Honor for acts of valor.

The Holocaust

Systematic genocide perpetrated by the Nazis that led to Jewish migration to the U.S. for refuge.

Atomic Bomb

New weaponry developed leading to Japan's surrender and initiating an arms race with the Soviet Union.

Berlin Airlift

Humanitarian effort to supply West Berlin amidst a Soviet blockade, avoiding direct military conflict.

Marshall Plan

Economic assistance program to help rebuild Western European nations post-WWII, aimed at preventing the spread of communism.

Korean War

Conflict fueled by communist expansion, resulting in U.N. intervention following North Korea's invasion of South Korea.

Arms Race

Competition between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over nuclear arsenal development, accelerating advancements in science and technology.

Sputnik

Soviet satellite launch that led to increased U.S. investment in education and technology in response.

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

Investigative committee focused on rooting out suspected communist sympathizers in the U.S.

McCarthyism

Period of intense anti-communist sentiment marked by aggressive investigations and accusations led by Senator Joseph McCarthy.

Suburbs

Post-WWII prosperity and baby boom resulted in increased suburban housing developments.

GI Bill

Legislation that funded education for military veterans, promoting higher education access.

Economic Prosperity

Rise in consumer spending and middle-class growth contributed to infrastructure developments like the interstate highway system.

Vaccines

Development of life-saving vaccines, such as Jonas Salk's polio vaccine, played a crucial role in public health initiatives.

Brown v. Board of Education

Landmark Supreme Court decision mandating the desegregation of schools, supported by the NAACP.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Influential civil rights leader advocating for nonviolent protest and civil disobedience.

Black Panthers

Civil rights organization known for militant self-defense measures against racial oppression, led by Huey Newton.

Little Rock, Arkansas

Site of a significant civil rights standoff where Governor Faubus resisted federal desegregation orders.

March on Washington

Peaceful demonstration advocating for civil and economic rights for minorities.

Civil Rights Act of 1965

Legislation aimed at ensuring workplace equality for minorities.

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Prepare for the US History STAAR EOC exam with this comprehensive study guide featuring key concepts such as the Declaration of Independence, the principles of the Constitution, and the First Amendment. Use these flashcards to reinforce your understanding of fundamental historical principles and their implications on governance. Get ready to ace your exam with confidence!