US History Period 5: 1844-1877

What were some of the causes for westward expansion in the 1840s?

What was the name of the mission compound where the Americans stood their ground against the Mexican forces?

The 1819 Transcontinental Treaty between Spain and the US established a boundary that excluded Texas.

Who was the leader of the force of 187 men that defended San Antonio from the Mexican forces?

Who led the Texan forces to victory over Santa Anna's forces in 1836?

The Republic of Texas immediately applied to join the United States after gaining independence.

Which of these were the primary motivations for settlers migrating to the Oregon territory in the 1830s?

What was the name of the fever that struck the Oregon territory in the early 1840s, leading to a surge in migration?

The 49th parallel marked the boundary between the US and Great Britain's claims in the Oregon Territory.

Who founded the Mormon religion in the early 1800s?

What is the name of the practice adopted by the Mormons that led to conflict with other communities?

Who led the Mormons on their journey to Utah in 1847?

The United States annexed Utah in 1852.

What sparked interest in California in the late 1840s?

The majority of people who participated in the California Gold Rush were single men.

What was the name given to the people who participated in the California Gold Rush?

What factors contributed to the rise of nativism in California during the Gold Rush?

The California legislature imposed a tax of $20 per week on foreign miners in an attempt to discourage immigration.

What did the Californian Indians' population decline to by 1860?

The concept of Manifest Destiny argued that it was America's divine right to expand its territory across the continent.

Who wrote the famous sentence, 'The fulfillment of our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our multiplying millions'?

The Homestead Act was a pivotal piece of legislation that encouraged westward migration by offering 160 acres of free land to settlers.

The construction of the Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869, facilitating trade and travel between the two coasts of the United States.

Commodore Matthew Perry's mission to Japan in 1853 was motivated by a desire to establish a trade agreement with the Japanese, despite Japan's previous isolationist policies.

The Kanagawa Treaty opened two Japanese ports to American shipping, leading to a more cooperative relationship between the two nations.

Which of these were key takeaways concerning westward expansion and Manifest Destiny?

The annexation of Texas was a major point of contention between the United States and Mexico, leading to the Mexican-American War.

Who were the candidates in the 1844 Presidential election?

What was the main reason for the expansion of the US in the 1844 election?

The Mexican-American War was marked by a swift US victory, resulting in the annexation of Texas and the acquisition of significant territories.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed in 1848, officially ended the Mexican-American War.

The Gadsden Purchase in 1853 added a small strip of land from Mexico to the United States.

What were some of the key impacts of the Mexican-American War?

The Wilmot Proviso proposed banning slavery in any territories acquired from Mexico, but it faced strong opposition and was rejected in the Senate.

What was the name given to the idea that residents of a territory should have the right to decide whether or not to allow slavery in their region?

The Compromise of 1850 was a successful attempt to resolve the growing sectional conflict over slavery.

What were the key components included in the Compromise of 1850?

The Compromise of 1850 was a temporary solution that only served to delay the eruption of the Civil War.

What was the name of the third-party political party that emerged in the 1848 election?

The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 repealed the Missouri Compromise, leaving the question of slavery to be decided by popular sovereignty.

Bleeding Kansas was a violent period in US history marked by clashes between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces over the issue of slavery.

What was the name of the incident where a Senator from South Carolina severely beat a Senator from Massachusetts in the Senate chamber?

The Dred Scott decision ruled that African Americans, regardless of their place of residence, could not be considered citizens of the United States.

What were the main reasons for the emergence of Abraham Lincoln during the 1850s?

The 1858 Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of seven highly publicized face-offs between the two candidates, contributing to Lincoln's growing national recognition and popularity.

The 1860 presidential election saw the division of the nation along sectional lines, with the South supporting Democrat John Breckenridge, while the North, with the backing of the Republican Party, elected Abraham Lincoln.

The states that seceded from the Union to form the Confederate States of America were motivated by a desire to preserve the institution of slavery and maintain their way of life.

The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Lincoln in 1863, declared that all slaves in Confederate states were to be freed.

The Union's Anaconda Plan focused on capturing the Confederate capital, Richmond, along with a strategic blockade of Southern ports to disrupt their supply lines and control their trade.

The Battle of Gettysburg, considered the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, marked a turning point in favor of the Union.

General William T. Sherman's 'total war' strategy involved targeting both military and civilian infrastructure in the South, leading to widespread destruction.

The surrender of General Robert E. Lee to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House marked the end of the Civil War, leading to the reunification of the nation.

President Lincoln's assassination on April 14, 1865, created a profound impact on the Reconstruction process, adding complexity and uncertainty to the path ahead.

What was the primary concern behind President Andrew Johnson's plan for Reconstruction?

The Wade-Davis Bill, passed by Congress in 1864, was a more lenient approach to Reconstruction compared to President Lincoln's plan.

The Freedmen's Bureau, established in 1865, provided essential aid to former slaves, such as food, clothing, and education.

Black codes were a series of laws implemented in the South after the Civil War that aimed at limiting the rights and freedoms of former slaves.

Sharecropping, a new economic system that emerged during Reconstruction, allowed former slaves to own and work their own land.

The rise of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and other similar organizations ushered in a wave of violence and terror against African Americans and their allies in the South.

The 14th Amendment, ratified in 1868, guaranteed citizenship rights to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

The 15th Amendment, ratified in 1870, abolished slavery throughout the United States.

The impeachment of President Andrew Johnson in 1868 was a consequence of his strong opposition to Reconstruction and his attempts to undermine the 14th Amendment.

The election of Ulysses S. Grant in 1868 marked a return of the Republican Party to power, with a continued commitment to the principles of Reconstruction and to protecting the rights of African Americans.

The Compromise of 1877 marked the end of the Reconstruction era, with a return of political power in the South to the Redeemer Democrats, who often promoted policies that limited the rights of African Americans.

The Reconstruction era was a period of significant social and economic change in the South, and this transformation had a lasting impact on the relationship between the United States and the states that had seceded to form the Confederacy.

Manifest Destiny

Transcontinental Treaty

Oregon Territory

Mormon Religion

California Gold Rush

Popular Sovereignty

Wilmot Proviso

Free-Soil Party

Compromise of 1850

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Bleeding Kansas

Dred Scott Decision

House Divided Speech

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Secession

Civil War

Anaconda Plan

Emancipation Proclamation

Battle of Gettysburg

Total War

Reconstruction

Ten Percent Plan

Wade-Davis Bill

Presidential Reconstruction-Johnson

Congressional Reconstruction

Memphis Massacre

13th Amendment

14th Amendment

15th Amendment

Military Reconstruction

Sharecropping

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Redeemer Governments

Compromise of 1877

40 Acres and a Mule

Freedmen’s Bureau