The Occupation of the Far West (1821-1848)

The Occupation of the Far West (1821-1848)

• Americans, accustomed to westward movement, viewed the annexation of new land as natural.
• The concept of "Manifest Destiny" emerged, suggesting the U.S. was destined to encompass North America.
• Texas, Oregon, and the Southwest were acquired during this period, often following conflicts.
• The Texas Question was complex, involving competing claims, slavery issues, and conflicting interests.
• Mexico still claimed Texas, making annexation a grey area.
• The issue of slavery in Texas complicated the debate, dividing opinions and making annexation difficult.
• The debate over slavery affected many.
• Abolitionists opposed the annexation due to concerns about expanding slavery.
• Texas sought alliances with European nations for support.
• Britain's interest in Texas added to the complexities.
• Texas had the option of being a trade partner for Britain, but America wanted it.
• Disputes with Texas prompted Mexico to threaten war.

The Election of 1844

• James K. Polk, a "dark horse" candidate, won the election.
• Polk favored expansion, particularly the annexation of Texas and Oregon.
• The election reflected a national desire for expansion.
• Expansionist goals were prioritized over the issue of slavery.

The Annexation of Texas (1836-1845)

• President Tyler initiated a treaty to annex Texas.
• Discussions focused on Texas's acceptance as a territory, debt, and use of land.
• The Missouri Compromise line became an issue concerning Texas and slavery.
• The debate over Texas annexation nearly caused political conflict.
• Congress approved the treaty shortly before Tyler left office.

Oregon Country

• Both Britain and the U.S. claimed the Oregon Country, citing explorations and fur trading activity.
• The Oregon Trail became an important route for pioneers moving West.
• The issue of joint occupation and the need for a border settlement were critical.

The Southwest/Santa Fe Trail

• Americans had an interest and a desire to trade in the Southwest.
• The Santa Fe Trail facilitated trade between the U.S. and Mexico.
• Mountain men played a crucial role in exploring and navigating the region.
• The Southwest could be a profitable area for business and future development.

American's in California

• Americans initially explored and engaged in trade (whaling, hides) in California.
• The region attracted settlers and entrepreneurs, leading to potential conflicts with Mexico.

The Mexican War (1846-1848)

• The war's causes included differing claims to Texan territory and Mexican opposition to annexations.
• The war had impact on the U.S. and it would prove to be a costly campaign.
• Disagreements continued about the borders of the new acquisitions.
• Territorial disputes, especially concerning Texas, contributed to the Mexican-American War.

The Mormon Colonization of Utah

• The LDS Church initiated its westward movement in 1830.
• Conflicts arose due to the Church's social and religious practices in their communities.
• The Mormon exodus resulted in the creation of Utah, and the Trail was established.

Legislation Under Polk and the Election of 1848