US History Chapter 27: Rights, Reaction, and Limits, 1961-1968 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What was one of Nixon's main domestic policies during his early years as President?

  • Implementing universal basic income
  • Supporting civil rights legislation
  • Increasing federal programs
  • Scaling back federal programs (correct)

    • In what year was the Voting Rights Act renewed with Nixon's support?

  • 1970 (correct)
  • 1972
  • 1965
  • 1975

    • Which organization was established in 1970 to reduce contaminations in air and water systems?

  • Environmental Conservation Bureau
  • Environmental Protection Agency (correct)
  • Environmental Action Alliance
  • Pollution Prevention Agency

    • What did Title IX mandate regarding educational programs and activities?

    <p>Gender discrimination is prohibited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the key focus of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)?

    <p>Improving workplace safety standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major initiative did Nixon support regarding discrimination in education?

    <p>Title IX legislation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Nixon's New Economic Policy primarily aimed at?

    <p>Freezing wages and prices for consumer goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the 1960s and 1970s, what did the Women's Liberation Movement aim to achieve?

    <p>Advocating for women's equal rights with men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key aspect of the American Indian Movement's objectives?

    <p>Preserving and promoting Native American cultural heritage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term did the Women's Liberation Movement advocate for women to use instead of Mrs.?

    <p>Ms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Nixon's policy of Vietnamization differ from previous U.S. involvement in Vietnam?

    <p>It focused on withdrawing U.S. troops from Vietnam and shifting combat responsibilities to South Vietnamese forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did Nixon's policy of détente have on arms stockpiles between the U.S. and Soviet Union?

    <p>It involved reducing the number of arms stockpiles held by both countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the Family Assistance Plan not take place?

    <p>It was vetoed by Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Nixon handle the Vietnam War despite his campaign promise?

    <p>He intensified the fighting and bombings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary objective of Vietnamization promoted by Henry Kissinger?

    <p>To make Vietnamese troops responsible for combat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did Spiro Agnew support the slowing down of desegregation in schools?

    <p>He indirectly backed efforts to stall desegregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the Kent State University Shooting in 1970?

    <p>Anger towards the Vietnam War escalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the New Economic Policy impact society during Nixon's presidency?

    <p>It aimed to control inflation and boost economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event led to the exposure of Nixon's involvement in the Watergate Scandal?

    <p>The break-in at the Democratic National Committee’s Campaign Headquarters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributed to the decline in population in the Rust Belt region of the U.S.?

    <p>Shift of companies and people to the Sun Belt region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the October 1973 War for the United States?

    <p>Rise in oil prices leading to shortages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which presidency did the Watergate Scandal take place?

    <p>Richard Nixon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significant outcome of the Supreme Court case 'U.S. v. Nixon'?

    <p>'Executive Privilege' did not allow Nixon to keep the Watergate Tapes secret</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key factor contributing to Americans' demand for more fuel-efficient cars after the 1973 War?

    <p>Nationwide oil shortages and high oil prices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Saturday Night Massacre during the Watergate scandal?

    <p>The firing of Special Prosecutor Archibald Cox by Nixon and subsequent replacement by two Attorney Generals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Gerald Ford do regarding Nixon after becoming President?

    <p>Pardoned Nixon for any potential crimes committed during his presidency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary objective of Nixon's policy of détente?

    <p>To ease tensions and improve relations with the Soviet Union and China.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Camp David Accords?

    <p>Peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, facilitated by President Carter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Moral Majority's stance on political and social issues?

    <p>Advocated for conservative Christian values and actively participated in politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Woodstock in American history?

    <p>Iconic music festival that symbolized the counterculture movement of the 1960s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Family Assistance Plan differ from what actually happened?

    <p>It never took place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Kent State University Shooting?

    <p>It resulted in the deaths of four protestors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Richard Nixon campaign on but ultimately escalate instead?

    <p>Ending the bombing in Vietnam and bringing troops home</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was responsible for promoting Vietnamization during Nixon's presidency?

    <p>Henry Kissinger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event triggered significant anti-war protests due to the National Guard firing on protestors?

    <p>Jackson State University Shooting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)?

    <p>Ensuring safety standards in the workplace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the major challenges Jimmy Carter faced during his presidency?

    <p>Stagflation and high unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did Jimmy Carter take to tackle inflation?

    <p>Implementing wage and price controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event caused the halt in further production of nuclear power plants in the United States?

    <p>Fear of radiation after the Three Mile Island meltdown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant component of the SALT II agreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union?

    <p>Reduction in arms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Jimmy Carter address the issue of high gas prices and shortages during his presidency?

    <p>Implemented gas rationing policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During Jimmy Carter's presidency, what was a direct consequence of OPEC increasing oil prices by over 60%?

    <p>Higher gas prices and shortages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant outcome of the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

    <p>The hostages were held for 444 days leading to a tarnished image of American foreign policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major challenge faced by Jimmy Carter during his presidency?

    <p>Navigating the economic issues of stagflation in the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Iranian Hostage Crisis impact Jimmy Carter's presidential legacy?

    <p>It overshadowed other accomplishments of his presidency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which event did Iranian students storm the U.S. Embassy in Tehran?

    <p>The Iranian Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the U.S. government respond initially to the request for medical treatment by the former Shah of Iran?

    <p>Denied the request due to political reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of affirmative action policies during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>Implementing quotas to increase opportunities for minority groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the factors contributing to the stagflation crisis during the 1970s?

    <p>High inflation combined with stagnant economic growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the 1970s, what impact did OPEC's actions have on the U.S. economy?

    <p>Fuel shortages and rising oil prices in the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Iranian Hostage Crisis impact Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>It overshadowed other accomplishments of his presidency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the aims of the Affirmative Action policies implemented during the 1970s?

    <p>To promote equal opportunities for minorities and women in education and employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Richard Nixon's policies contribute to the economic challenges faced during the 1970s?

    <p>By promoting policies that led to stagflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the economic situation characterized by high inflation and stagnant economic growth during the 1970s?

    <p>Stagflation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the Iranian Hostage Crisis have on Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>It severely damaged Carter's reputation and contributed to his loss in the 1980 election.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did stagflation present a challenge during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>Stagflation, the combination of high inflation and stagnant economic growth, made it difficult for Carter to implement effective economic policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of affirmative action policies during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>Affirmative action policies aimed to address historical discrimination and promote equality, but faced backlash and challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the major consequences of the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

    <p>The crisis damaged U.S.-Iran relations, affected Carter's presidency, and led to a failed rescue mission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Jimmy Carter attempt to negotiate the release of the hostages during the Iranian Hostage Crisis?

    <p>Carter tried to negotiate for the hostages' release until the last moments of his presidency, even on the night before Reagan's inauguration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were some of the key foreign policy challenges faced by Jimmy Carter during his presidency?

    <p>Carter faced challenges such as the Iranian Hostage Crisis, the Camp David Accords, and navigating Cold War dynamics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major economic challenges did Jimmy Carter face early in his Presidency?

    <p>Inflation, high unemployment, wage and price controls, increased credit card debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant incident occurred at Three Mile Island in 1979?

    <p>Nuclear reactor meltdown with radiation release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the SALT II agreement about in 1979?

    <p>Arms reduction between the U.S. and Soviet Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused stagflation during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>Combination of high inflation and high unemployment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Iranian Hostage Crisis during Carter's presidency?

    <p>Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of affirmative action policies during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>Promoting equal opportunities for minorities and women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define stagflation and explain its impact on the U.S. economy during the 1970s.

    <p>Stagflation is the combination of stagnant economic growth, high unemployment, and inflation. It had a negative impact on the U.S. economy by creating a difficult environment for policymakers to address.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Iranian Hostage Crisis during Jimmy Carter's presidency?

    <p>The Iranian Hostage Crisis was significant as it damaged Carter's presidency, highlighted U.S. vulnerability, and strained relations with Iran.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain the importance of affirmative action policies implemented during the 1970s.

    <p>Affirmative action policies aimed to address discrimination and promote equal opportunities for marginalized groups, especially in education and employment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Jimmy Carter respond to the challenge of stagflation during his presidency?

    <p>Jimmy Carter tackled stagflation by implementing policies such as deregulation and energy conservation measures to address economic challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discuss the role of the U.S. government in the initial response to the request for medical treatment by the former Shah of Iran.

    <p>The U.S. government initially allowed the former Shah of Iran to enter the U.S. for medical treatment, which later led to the Iranian Hostage Crisis and strained relations between the two countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the objectives of the American Indian Movement and how did they impact indigenous communities during the 1970s?

    <p>The American Indian Movement aimed to address issues such as treaty rights, land restoration, and cultural preservation. They advocated for indigenous rights and sovereignty, highlighting the struggles faced by Native American communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nixon's Presidency

    • Nixon's foreign policy was focused on détente, a policy to reduce tensions with the Soviet Union and China
    • He signed the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty with the Soviet Union to reduce the number of anti-ballistic missiles
    • Nixon supported governments in the Middle East, particularly in Saudi Arabia and Iran
    • He campaigned on "peace with honor" in Vietnam, but escalated the war, bombing North Vietnam and Cambodia
    • Henry Kissinger, Nixon's National Security Advisor, promoted Vietnamization, which aimed to make the Vietnamese more responsible for the war

    Domestic Policy

    • Nixon's New Economic Policy aimed to reduce inflation, but was only mildly effective in the short term
    • He implemented wage and price controls, froze wages, and placed surcharges on imports
    • The policy was not effective in the long term, leading to stagflation (stagnant economy, high unemployment, and increased inflation)
    • The misery index, a measure of harm to the economy, increased during Nixon's presidency

    Women's Rights

    • The Women's Liberation Movement emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, seeking equal rights for women
    • Key figures included Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem
    • The movement sought to end gender-based discrimination and stereotyping
    • Title IX, passed in 1972, prohibited discrimination based on gender in educational programs and activities

    Environmental Policy

    • The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created in 1970 to ensure containment of pollutants in the air and water systems
    • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was established in 1971 to ensure safety standards in the workplace
    • The Endangered Species Act of 1973 protected endangered animals and plants, and introduced new water and air regulations

    Scandals and Crises

    • The Watergate Scandal (1972) involved the break-in at the Democratic National Committee's headquarters and subsequent cover-up by Nixon's administration
    • The scandal led to Nixon's resignation in 1974, before he could be impeached
    • The Kent State University Shooting (1970) occurred when National Guardsmen fired on student protesters, killing four students
    • The Jackson State University Shooting (1970) was a similar incident that occurred two weeks after the Kent State shooting

    Foreign Policy

    • The Camp David Accords (1978) were a peace treaty negotiated by Carter between Egypt and Israel, which returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt
    • The Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979) occurred when Iranian students stormed the US Embassy in Tehran, holding Americans hostage for 444 days
    • SALT II (1979) was a reduction of arms agreement between the US and the Soviet Union

    Economics

    • The 1970s saw a decline in the US economy, with increased inflation, unemployment, and stagflation
    • The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) controlled the supply and price of oil, leading to oil shortages and high prices
    • The US imported more goods than it exported, leading to a trade deficit

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key events and figures during the period of 1961-1968 in US history, focusing on rights, reactions, and limits. Questions include topics like the winner of the 1968 Presidential Election and the early years of Richard Nixon's Presidency.

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