Questions and Answers
What is a Federalist?
What does compromise mean?
Settlement of a disagreement in which each side agrees to give up part of its demands.
What is an amendment?
A change or addition to the Constitution.
What is a delegate?
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What does ratify mean?
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What is the Judicial Branch?
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What were the Articles of Confederation?
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What is inflation?
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What is the Bill of Rights?
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What are reserved powers?
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What does federal refer to?
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What are checks and balances?
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What was the hope of the states in the Articles of Confederation?
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What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? (Select all that apply)
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What caused Shay's Rebellion?
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What was the North West Ordinance of 1787?
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What are the four steps for a territory to become a state? (Select all that apply)
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What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
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What was the Virginia Plan?
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What was the Great Compromise?
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What was the result of the Constitutional Convention?
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What are the goals of the Preamble to the Constitution? (Select all that apply)
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What is an Antifederalist?
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What happened after Congress added the Bill of Rights?
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Who is Ben Franklin?
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Study Notes
Key Terms and Definitions
- Federalist: Advocates for a strong national government and supports the adoption of the Constitution.
- Compromise: A resolution approach to disputes where each party relinquishes some demands.
- Amendment: Any modification or addition made to the Constitution.
- Delegate: An individual appointed to represent others, often at a convention or meeting.
- Ratify: The process of giving official approval to a decision or document.
Government Structure and Function
- Judicial Branch: The segment of government responsible for interpreting the law.
- Checks and Balances: A constitutional mechanism that allows each government branch to limit the powers of the others, ensuring no one branch dominates.
- Reserved Powers: Powers explicitly retained by individual states within the Constitution.
- Federal: Refers to matters concerning the national government.
Historical Context
- Articles of Confederation: The initial governance framework for the United States, in effect from 1781 to 1789, characterized by its weaknesses, such as lack of tax collection authority and absence of an executive branch.
- Inflation: An economic state where prices experience rapid increases, affecting overall economic stability.
- Shay's Rebellion: An uprising by farmers in Massachusetts facing severe tax burdens, highlighting the inefficacies of the Articles of Confederation.
Legislative Processes and Reforms
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787: Legislation that organized western territories into manageable units, paving the way for statehood.
- Steps to Statehood: A territory must have a governor and judges, reach populations of 5,000 to elect a legislature, and 60,000 to apply for state status, culminating in Congressional approval.
Constitutional Convention Outcomes
- Purpose of the Constitutional Convention: Initially convened to amend the Articles of Confederation, it instead led to the draft of a new Constitution.
- Virginia Plan: Proposed increasing Congressional representation for larger states, influencing the structure of legislative bodies.
- Great Compromise: Established a bicameral Congress with equal Senate representation and population-based House representation.
Fundamental Principles
- Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the Constitution, safeguarding individual liberties.
- Preamble Goals: Establish justice, protect liberty, ensure defense, promote welfare, and maintain domestic peace.
Opposition and Support
- Antifederalist: Individuals opposed to the Constitution, believing it concentrated too much power.
- Ben Franklin's Perspective: Commented on the Constitution, noting the responsibility of the public to maintain the Republic.
Post-Constitution Developments
- States' Ratification of the Constitution: Following the inclusion of the Bill of Rights, many states moved towards ratifying the Constitution.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this set of flashcards covering key terms from Chapter 10 of US History. Each term is defined clearly, helping you understand important concepts related to the Constitution and governance. Perfect for students preparing for exams or wanting to solidify their understanding of U.S. political foundations.