US History Chapter 10 Vocabulary Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a Federalist?

  • Supporter of a strong national government (correct)
  • Member of a political club
  • Advocate for state rights
  • Opposed to the Constitution

What does compromise mean?

Settlement of a disagreement in which each side agrees to give up part of its demands.

What is an amendment?

A change or addition to the Constitution.

What is a delegate?

<p>Person chosen to represent others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ratify mean?

<p>To officially approve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Judicial Branch?

<p>Part of the government that decides the meaning of laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Articles of Confederation?

<p>First plan of government for the United States from 1781-1789.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inflation?

<p>Economic condition in which prices rise very quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Bill of Rights?

<p>First 10 amendments to the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are reserved powers?

<p>Powers in the Constitution that are left to the individual states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does federal refer to?

<p>The national government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are checks and balances?

<p>System set up by the Constitution that gives each branch of government the power to check or limit the power of the other branches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the hope of the states in the Articles of Confederation?

<p>States hoped to gain freedom, independence and a strong league of friendship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? (Select all that apply)

<p>Only one branch of government - the legislature (A), Congress could not pass laws to collect taxes (C), No executive branch to carry out the laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused Shay's Rebellion?

<p>Farmers were having difficulty paying high property taxes in Massachusetts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the North West Ordinance of 1787?

<p>Divided the western territory into smaller territories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four steps for a territory to become a state? (Select all that apply)

<p>Congress would name a governor and 3 judges. (A), Population must reach 5,000 free adult males to elect a legislature. (B), Population must reach 60,000 free adult males to apply for statehood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

<p>The original purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Virginia Plan?

<p>Wanted large states to have more representatives in Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Great Compromise?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Constitutional Convention?

<p>The Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the goals of the Preamble to the Constitution? (Select all that apply)

<p>Establish justice (A), Protect liberty (B), Provide for the common defense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Antifederalist?

<p>A person who was unhappy with the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened after Congress added the Bill of Rights?

<p>Many states signed the Constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Ben Franklin?

<p>Describes the government under the Constitution as a Republic if you can keep it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Delegate

An individual appointed to represent others, often at a convention or meeting.

Federalist

Advocates for a strong national government and supports the adoption of the Constitution.

Amendment

Any modification or addition made to the Constitution.

Compromise

A resolution approach to disputes where each party relinquishes some demands.

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Ratify

The process of giving official approval to a decision or document.

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Judicial Branch

The segment of government responsible for interpreting the law.

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Reserved Powers

Powers explicitly retained by individual states within the Constitution.

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Checks and Balances

A constitutional mechanism that allows each government branch to limit the powers of the others, ensuring no one branch dominates.

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Federal

Refers to matters concerning the national government.

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Articles of Confederation

The initial governance framework for the United States, in effect from 1781 to 1789, characterized by its weaknesses, such as lack of tax collection authority and absence of an executive branch.

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Inflation

An economic state where prices experience rapid increases, affecting overall economic stability.

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Shay's Rebellion

An uprising by farmers in Massachusetts facing severe tax burdens, highlighting the inefficacies of the Articles of Confederation.

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Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Legislation that organized western territories into manageable units, paving the way for statehood.

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Steps to Statehood

A territory must have a governor and judges, reach populations of 5,000 to elect a legislature, and 60,000 to apply for state status, culminating in Congressional approval.

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Purpose of the Constitutional Convention

Initially convened to amend the Articles of Confederation, it instead led to the draft of a new Constitution.

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Virginia Plan

Proposed increasing Congressional representation for larger states, influencing the structure of legislative bodies.

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Great Compromise

Established a bicameral Congress with equal Senate representation and population-based House representation.

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Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, safeguarding individual liberties.

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Preamble Goals

Establish justice, protect liberty, ensure defense, promote welfare, and maintain domestic peace.

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Antifederalist

Individuals opposed to the Constitution, believing it concentrated too much power.

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Ben Franklin's Perspective

Commented on the Constitution, noting the responsibility of the public to maintain the Republic.

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States' Ratification of the Constitution

Following the inclusion of the Bill of Rights, many states moved towards ratifying the Constitution.

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Study Notes

Key Terms and Definitions

  • Federalist: Advocates for a strong national government and supports the adoption of the Constitution.
  • Compromise: A resolution approach to disputes where each party relinquishes some demands.
  • Amendment: Any modification or addition made to the Constitution.
  • Delegate: An individual appointed to represent others, often at a convention or meeting.
  • Ratify: The process of giving official approval to a decision or document.

Government Structure and Function

  • Judicial Branch: The segment of government responsible for interpreting the law.
  • Checks and Balances: A constitutional mechanism that allows each government branch to limit the powers of the others, ensuring no one branch dominates.
  • Reserved Powers: Powers explicitly retained by individual states within the Constitution.
  • Federal: Refers to matters concerning the national government.

Historical Context

  • Articles of Confederation: The initial governance framework for the United States, in effect from 1781 to 1789, characterized by its weaknesses, such as lack of tax collection authority and absence of an executive branch.
  • Inflation: An economic state where prices experience rapid increases, affecting overall economic stability.
  • Shay's Rebellion: An uprising by farmers in Massachusetts facing severe tax burdens, highlighting the inefficacies of the Articles of Confederation.

Legislative Processes and Reforms

  • Northwest Ordinance of 1787: Legislation that organized western territories into manageable units, paving the way for statehood.
  • Steps to Statehood: A territory must have a governor and judges, reach populations of 5,000 to elect a legislature, and 60,000 to apply for state status, culminating in Congressional approval.

Constitutional Convention Outcomes

  • Purpose of the Constitutional Convention: Initially convened to amend the Articles of Confederation, it instead led to the draft of a new Constitution.
  • Virginia Plan: Proposed increasing Congressional representation for larger states, influencing the structure of legislative bodies.
  • Great Compromise: Established a bicameral Congress with equal Senate representation and population-based House representation.

Fundamental Principles

  • Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the Constitution, safeguarding individual liberties.
  • Preamble Goals: Establish justice, protect liberty, ensure defense, promote welfare, and maintain domestic peace.

Opposition and Support

  • Antifederalist: Individuals opposed to the Constitution, believing it concentrated too much power.
  • Ben Franklin's Perspective: Commented on the Constitution, noting the responsibility of the public to maintain the Republic.

Post-Constitution Developments

  • States' Ratification of the Constitution: Following the inclusion of the Bill of Rights, many states moved towards ratifying the Constitution.

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