U.S. Government Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What type of powers are explicitly granted to Congress by the Constitution?

Expressed Powers (correct)

Inherent Powers

Reserved Powers

Implied Powers

What are Implied Powers?

The powers assumed by the government that are not specifically listed in the Constitution.

What are Inherent Powers?

Those delegated powers of the Constitution that are assumed to belong to the national government because it is a sovereign state.

What are Reserved Powers?

The powers that are not specifically granted to the federal government nor denied to the states that are reserved for the states. Signup and view all the answers

What is Concurrent Power?

The power that is shared by both the federal and state government. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?

The provision of the Constitution that requires each state to honor the public acts, official records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Framers choose federalism?

They chose federalism because they wanted a government that was able to unify a belief within the states without diminishing each state's ability to control itself. Signup and view all the answers

What powers does the national government have?

They have the power to borrow and coin money, levy taxes, conduct foreign relations, raise armies, declare war, and make peace, regulate commerce with foreign nations and between states, establish post offices, regulate immigration and naturalization, establish and operate the federal court system, make laws necessary and proper to execute national powers. Signup and view all the answers

What powers do state governments have?

Draw electoral district lines, conduct elections, maintain state militias (the National Guard), regulate commerce within the state, levy taxes, ratify amendments to the Constitution, exercise powers not specifically delegated to the nation or prohibited to the states, establish and operate state court systems. Signup and view all the answers

What powers are shared by both the national government and state government?

Collect taxes, provide for the health and welfare of people, build roads, and borrow money. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Constitution limit the powers of the state and national governments?

The Bill of Rights limits national government. States are not allowed to coin money or tax imports and exports from other states; states cannot form armies or enter treaties with other nations. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Constitution guide the relationships between the nation and the 50 states?

The Constitution describes the responsibilities that the national government and the states have toward one another. Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher believed that dividing power between different parts of government was the best way to defend people's freedom?

Baron de Montesquieu. Signup and view all the answers

Powers considered to be logical extensions of those powers specifically listed in the Constitution are called ____.

Implied Powers. Signup and view all the answers

Collecting taxes, building roads, borrowing money, regulating education, and establishing courts are ____.

Concurrent Powers. Signup and view all the answers

Why is Article VI of the Constitution called the Supremacy Clause?

Because it states that national laws reign supreme over state laws. Signup and view all the answers

Why is Article IV of the Constitution, often called the Full Faith and Credit Clause, important?

It promotes cooperation between states and prevents states from discriminating against citizens from other states. Signup and view all the answers

What is Dual Federalism?

(1790-1930) The time period in which national and state governments were seen as equal authorities, operating over separate areas of influence, and the authority of the national government was generally limited to the expressed powers listed in the Constitution. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Doctrine of Nullification?

The belief that states had the right to cancel federal laws with which they disagreed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Doctrine of Succession?

The idea that a state had the right to separate from the Union. Signup and view all the answers

What is Cooperative Federalism?

(1930-1960) An era of federalism during which the national and state governments shared functional authority in broad policy areas. Signup and view all the answers

What is Creative Federalism?

(1960-1980) The period in which the national government channeled federal funds to local governments and citizen groups to address problems that states could or would not address. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Powers of Government

Expressed Powers: Powers specifically granted to Congress by the Constitution, ensuring clarity in federal authority.
Implied Powers: Assumed powers not explicitly listed in the Constitution, allowing for flexibility in government functionality.
Inherent Powers: Powers assumed to belong to the national government as a sovereign state, essential for its existence and operations.
Reserved Powers: Powers not granted to the federal government nor denied to the states, enabling state autonomy.

Shared and Concurrent Powers

Concurrent Powers: Shared powers between federal and state governments, including the ability to collect taxes and provide for citizen welfare.
National Government Powers: Authority to borrow and coin money, conduct foreign relations, raise and support armies, declare war, regulate commerce, and manage immigration.
State Government Powers: Responsibilities include drawing electoral district lines, conducting elections, maintaining state militias, and ratifying Constitutional amendments.

Federalism and the Constitution

Federalism Choice: Framers opted for federalism to unify states while allowing them self-governance, balancing central authority and state rights.
Constitutional Limits: The Bill of Rights restricts national powers, and states cannot coin money or engage in foreign treaties.
Intergovernmental Relationships: The Constitution outlines responsibilities and relations between the national government and the states.

Historical Concepts and Philosophies

Baron de Montesquieu: Philosopher advocating that dividing power among government branches protects individual freedoms.
Dual Federalism: (1790-1930) Era where state and national governments operated independently, resembling a "layer cake" structure.
Cooperative Federalism: (1930-1960) Period of shared authority between state and national governments across various policy areas, described as "marble cake" federalism.
Creative Federalism: (1960-1980) National government funneled funds to local governments and groups, focusing on local problem-solving.

Important Constitutional Articles

Supremacy Clause (Article VI): Establishes that national laws take precedence over state laws, ensuring federal authority.
Full Faith and Credit Clause (Article IV): Mandates states honor each other's acts and proceedings, promoting interstate cooperation.

Controversial Doctrines

Doctrine of Nullification: Belief that states could invalidate federal laws perceived as unjust or unconstitutional.
Doctrine of Succession: Idea that a state could legally withdraw from the Union, reflecting tensions during historical conflicts.

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Description

This set of flashcards covers key terms from Chapter 4 of U.S. Government. Learn about expressed, implied, and inherent powers as granted by the Constitution. Perfect for reviewing important concepts in American government and civics.