US Constitution Study

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Questions and Answers

Document written to set the rules for how a government will operate

Constitution

A government official whose purpose is to oversee the government and see that the laws are carried out

Executive

Passed by the Continental Congress to create a plan for the country as a whole

Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation had to depend on the individual states to enforce the _____ that were created by the national government

<p>laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

This combined the New Jersey and Virginia Plans.

<p>Great Compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

This created a 2 house legislature (House of Representatives and Senate)

<p>Great Compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the 3/5th's compromise, 3/5th's of all _____ would be counted towards a state's population

<p>slaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

_____ supported the Constitution

<p>Federalists</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press

<p>First Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protects the right to bear arms

<p>Second Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prevents the forcing of citizens to house troops

<p>Third Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure

<p>Fourth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protect citizens accused of crimes

<p>Fifth-Eight Amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Limits power of the federal government to those granted in the Constitution

<p>Ninth and Tenth Amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dealt with economic issues

<p>Secretary of Treasury</p> Signup and view all the answers

Manages relations with foreign countries

<p>Secretary of State</p> Signup and view all the answers

Manages the military and defense

<p>Secretary of War</p> Signup and view all the answers

Advises on legal matters

<p>Attorney General</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the American Revolutionary War affect the newly formed America?

<p>Plunged the US into debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

As part of Hamilton's plan, a _____ was established

<p>National Bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

As part of Alexander Hamilton's plan, _____ were highly taxed

<p>imported goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

The main goal of Alexander Hamilton's plan was to pay off all _____ owed

<p>War debts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Washington put a stop to the Whiskey Rebellion, but he did what to the leaders?

<p>Pardoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

Washington did not seek the Presidency in 1796, setting an example, that no President would serve more than how many terms?

<p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

French officials demanded a $250,000 bribe to begin negotiating with Americans. This is part of the what?

<p>XYZ Affair</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the XYZ Affair, what exactly did the French agents want America to do?

<p>Lend</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied with the same number of electoral votes. Which group decided the election because of this?

<p>House of Representatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the election of 1800, this man was chosen to become President

<p>Thomas Jefferson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hands off/limited power for the government

<p>Laissez Faire</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was bought from France for $15 million?

<p>Louisiana</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sent by President Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase

<p>Lewis and Clark</p> Signup and view all the answers

Served as a guide and translator during the expedition of the Louisiana territory

<p>Sacagawea</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sent to deal with fighting in the South in the War of 1812

<p>Andrew Jackson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wrote a poem during the attack on Fort McHenry, that eventually became the National Anthem

<p>Francis Scott Key</p> Signup and view all the answers

This battle occurred 2 weeks after the War of 1812 was officially over

<p>Battle of New Orleans</p> Signup and view all the answers

The American victory during the War of 1812 brought what to the Americans?

<p>confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

US tried to keep European countries from establishing new colonies in the Americas

<p>Monroe Doctrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Henry Clay supposedly influenced the choice for president in return for becoming Secretary of State. This is called the what?

<p>Corrupt Bargain</p> Signup and view all the answers

This president had ambitious plans, but wasn't trusted by the American people

<p>John Quincy Adams</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the election of 1828, who defeated John Quincy Adams?

<p>Andrew Jackson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Process of giving government jobs to supporters of a winning candidate

<p>Spoils System</p> Signup and view all the answers

Unofficial advisors for Andrew Jackson during his presidency

<p>Kitchen Cabinet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Authorized the President to grant lands west of the Mississippi River in exchange for Native American lands

<p>Indian Removal Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

States refusing to enforce federal law in their state

<p>Nullification</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was passed by the Continental Congress to create a plan for the country as a whole?

<p>Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press?

<p>First Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protects the right to bear arms?

<p>Second Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents the forcing of citizens to house troops?

<p>Third Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protects against unreasonable search and seizure?

<p>Fourth Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What protects citizens accused of crimes?

<p>Fifth-Eight Amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

What limits power of the federal government to those granted in the Constitution?

<p>Ninth and Tenth Amendments</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position dealt with economic issues?

<p>Secretary of Treasury</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position manages relations with foreign countries?

<p>Secretary of State</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position manages the military and defense?

<p>Secretary of War</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position advises on legal matters?

<p>Attorney General</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of Alexander Hamilton's plan?

<p>War debts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Washington put a stop to the Whiskey Rebellion, but what did he do to the leaders?

<p>Pardoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the XYZ Affair, the French agents wanted America to _____ the French several million dollars

<p>Lend</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was sent by President Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase?

<p>Lewis and Clark</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was sent to deal with fighting in the South in the War of 1812?

<p>Andrew Jackson</p> Signup and view all the answers

The American victory during the War of 1812 brought _____ to the Americans

<p>confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What US policy tried to keep European countries from establishing new colonies in the Americas?

<p>Monroe Doctrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the election of 1828, _____ easily defeated John Quincy Adams

<p>Andrew Jackson</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for States refusing to enforce federal law in their state?

<p>Nullification</p> Signup and view all the answers

A document written to set the rules for how a government will operate is called a what?

<p>Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

A government official whose purpose is to oversee the government and see that the laws are carried out is called what?

<p>Executive</p> Signup and view all the answers

A plan passed by the Continental Congress to create a plan for the country as a whole is called what?

<p>Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The combination of the New Jersey and Virginia Plans is called what?

<p>Great Compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the First Amendment protect?

<p>Protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Second Amendment protect?

<p>Protects the right to bear arms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the Fifth-Eight Amendments protect?

<p>Protect citizens accused of crimes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the Ninth and Tenth Amendments do?

<p>Limits power of the federal government to those granted in the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Secretary of Treasury deal with?

<p>Dealt with economic issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Secretary of State do?

<p>Manages relations with foreign countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Attorney General do?

<p>Advises on legal matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect did the American Revolutionary War have on the newly formed America?

<p>Plunged the US into debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

As part of Hamilton's plan, what was established?

<p>National Bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Washington do to the leaders of the Whiskey Rebellion?

<p>Pardoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many terms did Washington set as an example for future presidents?

<p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

French officials demanded a $250,000 bribe to begin negotiating with Americans. What is this called?

<p>XYZ Affair</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the XYZ Affair, what did the French agents want America to do?

<p>Lend</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the election of 1800, who was chosen to become President?

<p>Thomas Jefferson</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Hands off/limited power for the government called?

<p>Laissez Faire</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did The American victory during the War of 1812 bring to the Americans?

<p>confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the US try to do in the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>US tried to keep European countries from establishing new colonies in the Americas</p> Signup and view all the answers

Henry Clay supposedly influenced the choice for president in return for becoming Secretary of State. What is this called?

<p>Corrupt Bargain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who easily defeated John Quincy Adams in the election of 1828?

<p>Andrew Jackson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Process of giving government jobs to supporters of a winning candidate is called what?

<p>Spoils System</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were Unofficial advisors for Andrew Jackson during his presidency called?

<p>Kitchen Cabinet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Indian Removal Act authorize?

<p>Authorized the President to grant lands west of the Mississippi River in exchange for Native American lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is States refusing to enforce federal law in their state called?

<p>Nullification</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Constitution

Document setting the rules for how a government will operate.

Executive

Government official overseeing the government and ensuring laws are carried out.

Articles of Confederation

Plan created by the Continental Congress for governing the country.

Laws

The Articles relied on states to enforce these, created by the national government.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Great Compromise

Compromise combining the New Jersey and Virginia Plans.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Great Compromise

Created a bicameral legislature: the House and Senate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Slaves

Under this compromise, 3/5 of these people were counted toward a state's population

Signup and view all the flashcards

Federalists

Supporters of the Constitution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anti-Federalists

Those who opposed the Constitution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

First Amendment

Protects freedom of religion, speech, and the press.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Second Amendment

Protects the right to bear arms.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Third Amendment

Prevents the government from forcing citizens to house troops.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fourth Amendment

Protects against unreasonable search and seizure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fifth-Eight Amendments

Protect citizens accused of crimes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ninth and Tenth Amendments

Limits the federal government's powers to those in the Constitution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Secretary of Treasury

Dealt with economic issues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Secretary of State

Manages relations with foreign countries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Secretary of War

Manages the military and defense.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Attorney General

Advises the government on legal matters.

Signup and view all the flashcards

American Revolutionary War

Plunged the US into debt.

Signup and view all the flashcards

National Bank

A financial institution established as part of Hamilton's plan.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Imported Goods

As part of Alexander Hamilton's Plan, these were highly taxed

Signup and view all the flashcards

War Debts

Pay off all of these owed

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pardoned

Washington stopped the Whiskey Rebellion, but did this to the leaders

Signup and view all the flashcards

Two

Presidential term limit set by Washington's example.

Signup and view all the flashcards

XYZ Affair

French officials demanding a bribe to negotiate with Americans.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lend

French agents asking the Americans for this

Signup and view all the flashcards

House of Representatives

Group that decided the election of 1800 due to an electoral tie.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Thomas Jefferson

Chosen as President in the election of 1800.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Laissez Faire

Hands off/limited power for the government.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Louisiana

The territory bought from France for $15 million.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lewis and Clark

Explorers of the Louisiana Purchase commissioned by Jefferson.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sacagawea

Guide and translator for the Lewis and Clark expedition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Andrew Jackson

Sent to deal with fighting in the South in the War of 1812.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Francis Scott Key

Wrote a poem during the attack on Fort McHenry, which became the National Anthem.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Battle of New Orleans

Battle after the War of 1812 was officially over.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Confidence

Result of the American victory in the War of 1812.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Monroe Doctrine

US keeping European countries from establishing new colonies in the Americas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Corrupt Bargain

Clay becoming Secretary of State after influencing the presidential choice.

Signup and view all the flashcards

John Quincy Adams

President with ambitious plans, but lacked public trust.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Andrew Jackson

Easily defeated John Quincy Adams in the election of 1828.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Spoils System

Giving government jobs to supporters of a winning candidate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Kitchen Cabinet

Andrew Jackson's Unofficial advisors during his presidency.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Indian Removal Act

Allowed the President to give Native Americans land west of the Mississippi.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nullification

States refuse to enforce federal law in their state.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Study notes generated from provided flashcards

Constitution

  • Establishes rules for government operations

Executive

  • Government official overseeing the government and law enforcement

Articles of Confederation

  • Plan for governing the entire country passed by the Continental Congress

Laws

  • The Articles of Confederation required individual states to enforce national government laws

Great Compromise

  • Combined the New Jersey and Virginia Plans
  • Established a two-house legislature with the House of Representatives and Senate

Slaves

  • According to the 3/5ths Compromise, 3/5ths of all slaves counted toward a state's population

Federalists

  • Supported the Constitution

Anti-Federalists

  • Opposed the Constitution

First Amendment

  • Guarantees freedom of religion, speech, and the press

Second Amendment

  • Guarantees the right to bear arms

Third Amendment

  • Prohibits forced housing of troops by citizens

Fourth Amendment

  • Protects against unreasonable search and seizure

Fifth-Eighth Amendments

  • Protects citizens accused of crimes

Ninth and Tenth Amendments

  • Limits federal government power to those granted in the Constitution

Secretary of Treasury

  • Deals with economic issues

Secretary of State

  • Manages relations with foreign countries

Secretary of War

  • Manages the military and defense

Attorney General

  • Advises on legal matters

Plunged the US into debt

  • This describes the effect of the American Revolutionary War on America

National Bank

  • Was established as part of Hamilton's plan

Imported Goods

  • Were heavily taxed under Alexander Hamilton's plan

War Debts

  • The main goal of Alexander Hamilton's plan was to pay off all war debts

Pardoned

  • Washington stopped the Whiskey Rebellion but pardoned the leaders

Two

  • Following Washington's example, no President would serve more than two terms

XYZ Affair

  • French officials demanded a $250,000 bribe to begin negotiations with Americans

Lend

  • In the XYZ Affair, French agents wanted America to lend France several million dollars

House of Representatives

  • Decided the election of 1800 due to an electoral vote tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

Thomas Jefferson

  • Was chosen as President in the election of 1800

Laissez Faire

  • Describes a hands-off approach/limited power for the government

Louisiana

  • Was purchased from France for $15 million

Lewis and Clark

  • Were sent by President Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase

Sacagawea

  • Served as a guide and translator during the Louisiana territory expedition

Andrew Jackson

  • Was sent to address fighting in the South during the War of 1812

Francis Scott Key

  • Wrote a poem during the attack on Fort McHenry, that later became the National Anthem

Battle of New Orleans

  • Occurred two weeks after the official end of the War of 1812

Confidence

  • The American victory in the War of 1812 boosted American confidence

Monroe Doctrine

  • The US aimed to prevent European countries from establishing new colonies in the Americas

Corrupt Bargain

  • Describes Henry Clay's alleged influence in the presidential choice in exchange for becoming Secretary of State

John Quincy Adams

  • Had ambitious plans as president, but lacked public trust

Andrew Jackson

  • Easily won the election of 1828 against John Quincy Adams

Spoils System

  • Government jobs are given to supporters

Kitchen Cabinet

  • Refers to Andrew Jackson's unofficial advisors during his presidency

Indian Removal Act

  • Authorized the President to exchange lands west of the Mississippi River for Native American lands

Nullification

  • Describes states refusing to enforce federal law

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