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What important protections were added to the Constitution in the Bill of Rights?
What important protections were added to the Constitution in the Bill of Rights?
The freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition; the right to bear arms; no quartering of soldiers during peacetime; all searches require warrants; right to remain silent; right to a speedy and public trial; trial by jury; no excessive bail or fines; rights not written are in effect; unlisted powers belong to the state.
What were the components of Hamilton's economic policy, and what did he accomplish with that policy?
What were the components of Hamilton's economic policy, and what did he accomplish with that policy?
Hamilton's economic policy combined all debts into a national debt and aimed to create a National Bank.
What two constitutional theories were presented by Jefferson and Hamilton regarding the national bank?
What two constitutional theories were presented by Jefferson and Hamilton regarding the national bank?
Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, whereas Hamilton believed in a loose interpretation.
Why did Washington opt for neutrality during the French Revolution?
Why did Washington opt for neutrality during the French Revolution?
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What were the domestic and international consequences of Jay's Treaty?
What were the domestic and international consequences of Jay's Treaty?
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How did Adams handle foreign affairs with France?
How did Adams handle foreign affairs with France?
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What laws were the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions responding to, and what was Jefferson's proposed remedy?
What laws were the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions responding to, and what was Jefferson's proposed remedy?
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Who were likely to support Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans?
Who were likely to support Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans?
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What role did George Washington play in the early U.S. government?
What role did George Washington play in the early U.S. government?
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What was Alexander Hamilton's belief regarding the national debt?
What was Alexander Hamilton's belief regarding the national debt?
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The primary force threatening American national security and unity in the 1790s were the international wars set off by the French Revolution.
The primary force threatening American national security and unity in the 1790s were the international wars set off by the French Revolution.
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The passage of the first ten amendments to the Constitution demonstrated the Federalist determination to develop a powerful central government.
The passage of the first ten amendments to the Constitution demonstrated the Federalist determination to develop a powerful central government.
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Hamilton's basic purpose in all his financial measures was to strengthen the federal government by building up a larger national debt.
Hamilton's basic purpose in all his financial measures was to strengthen the federal government by building up a larger national debt.
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A political deal between Jefferson and Hamilton involved obtaining Virginia's support for assumption of state debts in exchange for locating the District of Columbia along the Potomac River.
A political deal between Jefferson and Hamilton involved obtaining Virginia's support for assumption of state debts in exchange for locating the District of Columbia along the Potomac River.
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In the battle over the Bank of the United States, Jefferson favored a loose construction of the Constitution.
In the battle over the Bank of the United States, Jefferson favored a loose construction of the Constitution.
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The first political rebellion against the new United States government was by the frontier whiskey distillers who hated Hamilton's excise tax on alcohol.
The first political rebellion against the new United States government was by the frontier whiskey distillers who hated Hamilton's excise tax on alcohol.
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The first American political parties grew mainly out of the debate over Hamilton's fiscal policies and U.S. foreign policy toward Europe.
The first American political parties grew mainly out of the debate over Hamilton's fiscal policies and U.S. foreign policy toward Europe.
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Jefferson and his Republican Party followers turned against the French Revolution when it turned radically violent in the Reign of Terror.
Jefferson and his Republican Party followers turned against the French Revolution when it turned radically violent in the Reign of Terror.
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President Washington believed that America was so powerful that it could afford to stay neutral in the great revolutionary war between Britain and France.
President Washington believed that America was so powerful that it could afford to stay neutral in the great revolutionary war between Britain and France.
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John Jay's unpopular treaty with Britain stirred outrage among many Americans and fueled the rise of Jefferson's Republican Party.
John Jay's unpopular treaty with Britain stirred outrage among many Americans and fueled the rise of Jefferson's Republican Party.
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Adams decided to seek a negotiated peace with France to unite his Federalist party and enhance his own popularity with the public.
Adams decided to seek a negotiated peace with France to unite his Federalist party and enhance his own popularity with the public.
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The Alien Laws were a reasonable Federalist attempt to limit uncontrolled immigration into the United States to protect national security.
The Alien Laws were a reasonable Federalist attempt to limit uncontrolled immigration into the United States to protect national security.
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Jeffersonian Republicans believed that the common people could not be trusted and needed to be led by the wealthy.
Jeffersonian Republicans believed that the common people could not be trusted and needed to be led by the wealthy.
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The Jeffersonian Republicans generally sympathized with Britain in foreign policy, while the Hamiltonian Federalists sympathized with France.
The Jeffersonian Republicans generally sympathized with Britain in foreign policy, while the Hamiltonian Federalists sympathized with France.
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How can amendments to the Constitution be proposed?
How can amendments to the Constitution be proposed?
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What are the first ten amendments called?
What are the first ten amendments called?
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What branch of government was created under the Judiciary Act of 1789?
What branch of government was created under the Judiciary Act of 1789?
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Who was the first Chief Justice of the United States?
Who was the first Chief Justice of the United States?
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What does 'funding at par' mean?
What does 'funding at par' mean?
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What is a tariff?
What is a tariff?
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What did Hamilton's excise tax passed in 1791 entail?
What did Hamilton's excise tax passed in 1791 entail?
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What is the elastic clause?
What is the elastic clause?
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When, where, and why did the Whiskey Rebellion flare up?
When, where, and why did the Whiskey Rebellion flare up?
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What did the Treaty of Greenville between the Indians and America state?
What did the Treaty of Greenville between the Indians and America state?
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What did Pinckney's Treaty with Spain in 1795 include?
What did Pinckney's Treaty with Spain in 1795 include?
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What did America and France agree to in the Convention of 1800?
What did America and France agree to in the Convention of 1800?
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What did the first Alien law do to residence requirements for those desiring to become citizens?
What did the first Alien law do to residence requirements for those desiring to become citizens?
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What did the second Alien Law give the president power to do?
What did the second Alien Law give the president power to do?
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What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?
What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?
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What did Hamiltonian-Federalists advocate?
What did Hamiltonian-Federalists advocate?
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What did Anti-Federalists also come to be known as?
What did Anti-Federalists also come to be known as?
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Study Notes
Bill of Rights
- Protects individual liberties such as freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition.
- Guarantees the right to bear arms, prohibits housing soldiers during peacetime, and requires warrants for searches.
- Ensures rights to remain silent, a speedy public trial, trial by jury, and no excessive bail or fines.
- Recognizes rights not explicitly mentioned and reserves unlisted powers for the states.
Hamilton's Economic Policy
- Focused on consolidating states' debts into a national debt for collective repayment.
- Advocated for the establishment of a National Bank to strengthen federal financial standing.
- Aimed to foster national unity and a more robust central government.
Constitutional Theories
- Jefferson: Advocated for a strict interpretation of the Constitution, arguing the National Bank was unconstitutional since it was not explicitly mentioned.
- Hamilton: Supported a loose interpretation, asserting the Constitution allowed for the creation of a National Bank.
Washington's Neutrality
- Opted for neutrality during the French Revolution due to the United States' limited military strength and financial instability.
Jay's Treaty Consequences
- Domestic: Resurrected pre-Revolutionary War debts and angered Democratic-Republicans.
- International: Created an impression of American reconciliation with Britain.
Adams and France
- Faced conflict with France, sending envoys who encountered demands for bribes (the XYZ Affair), resulting in diplomatic failure.
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
- Responded to the Alien and Sedition Acts viewed as unconstitutional.
- Jefferson proposed "Compact Theory" as a remedy, advocating for legislative action against these laws.
Political Party Support
- Hamiltonian Federalists: Supported by aristocrats, emphasizing a strong central government led by elites.
- Jeffersonian Republicans: Supported by the poorer majority, advocating for weaker central government and greater state powers.
Character Sketch: George Washington
- First President and leader of the Continental Army.
- Established the presidential cabinet and a policy of neutrality, strengthening the nation.
Character Sketch: Alexander Hamilton
- Vigorously focused on government financial strategy and the establishment of the National Bank.
- Played a critical role in creating the Federalist Party.
Character Sketch: John Jay
- First Chief Justice of the United States, responsible for negotiating the Jay Treaty.
Character Sketch: John Adams
- Second President, known for the XYZ Affair and passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts.
Character Sketch: Aaron Burr
- Third Vice President who fatally dueled Hamilton.
Truth Statement Analysis
- First political rebellion arose due to resistance against Hamilton's whiskey tax.
- Alien Laws implemented to control immigration and national security.
- The first political parties formed from debates over financial and foreign policies.
Constitutional Amendments
- Amendments can be proposed via a convention requested by two-thirds of states or by a two-thirds vote in Congress.
- First ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights.
Key Legislation and Events
- Judiciary Act of 1789 established the Supreme Court.
- "Funding at par" refers to settling debts at face value plus interest.
- The elastic clause expands Congressional powers under "necessary and proper" provisions.
- Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 emerged from frustrations about excise tax.
- Treaty of Greenville resulted in land concessions and financial provisions for Native Americans.
- Pinckney's Treaty of 1795 secured navigation rights on the Mississippi River.
Alien Laws
- First Alien law extended citizenship residency requirements to 14 years.
- Second Alien law empowered the president to deport or imprison dangerous foreigners during conflicts.
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
- Stated that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional and introduced the theory of nullification.
Hamiltonian Federalist Advocacy
- Promoted a strong federal authority to suppress dissent and protect wealth and trade interests.
Anti-Federalist Identity
- Known as Democratic-Republicans, opposing Hamiltonian policies and advocating for more civil liberties.
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Description
This quiz covers key aspects of the Bill of Rights, including individual liberties and protections. It also examines Hamilton's Economic Policy, highlighting national debt consolidation and the creation of a National Bank. Additionally, the quiz explores the contrasting constitutional theories of Jefferson and Hamilton.
