US Presidency: George Washington and Key Policies
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Questions and Answers

The first president of the United States under the new Constitution was ______

George Washington

The group of advisors that assist the president in making decisions is called the ______

Cabinet

The first Secretary of the Treasury, responsible for creating the financial foundation of the U.S., was ______

Alexander Hamilton

The ______ of 1789 was passed to raise revenue by placing tariffs on imported goods.

<p>Tariff</p> Signup and view all the answers

The financial institution proposed by Hamilton to manage government funds and issue currency was the ______

<p>Bank of the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rebellion in western Pennsylvania in response to a federal tax on whiskey was called the ______

<p>Whiskey Rebellion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The belief that the federal government only has powers explicitly listed in the Constitution is known as ______

<p>Strict interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The clause in the Constitution that allows Congress to make laws that are 'necessary and proper' for governing is called the ______

<p>Elastic Clause</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee individual rights, are known as the ______

<p>Bill of Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

The two emerging political factions in the early U.S. government were the ______ and the ______

<p>Federalists, Democratic-Republicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, believed in a strong ______ government.

<p>National (or central)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Democratic-Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson, believed in stronger ______ governments.

<p>State</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1794 treaty that attempted to settle tensions between the U.S. and Britain over trade and western frontier issues was called ______

<p>Jay's Treaty</p> Signup and view all the answers

The treaty with Spain in 1795 that allowed Americans to use the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans was called ______

<p>Pinckney's Treaty</p> Signup and view all the answers

The foreign conflict that divided American opinion and tested the nation's neutrality was the ______

<p>French Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The warning issued by Washington in 1796 advising against political parties and foreign alliances was called ______

<p>Washington's Farewell Address</p> Signup and view all the answers

The law passed in 1798 that made it harder for immigrants to become citizens and allowed the president to deport those deemed dangerous was the ______

<p>Alien and Sedition Acts</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle established in Marbury v. Madison that allows the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional is called ______

<p>Judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1803 land purchase that doubled the size of the U.S. was the ______

<p>Louisiana Purchase</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1814 treaty that ended the War of 1812 was called the Treaty of ______

<p>Ghent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the biggest benefits of the Louisiana Purchase for the United States?

<p>It doubled the size of the country and gave the U.S. control over the Mississippi River and New Orleans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Tariff of 1789?

<p>To raise revenue for the new federal government and protect American industries from foreign competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Whiskey Rebellion test the power of the new federal government?

<p>It showed that the federal government had the authority and ability to enforce its laws by using military force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did some people oppose the Bank of the United States?

<p>They believed it was unconstitutional because the Constitution did not explicitly grant Congress the power to create a bank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Washington's Farewell Address?

<p>It warned against political parties and entangling foreign alliances, shaping U.S. foreign policy for years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Alien and Sedition Acts impact American politics?

<p>They increased tensions between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans by limiting free speech and targeting immigrants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Marbury v. Madison an important Supreme Court case?

<p>It established judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the main causes of the War of 1812?

<p>British impressment of American sailors, interference with U.S. trade, and British support of Native American resistance in the frontier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the War of 1812 affect American nationalism?

<p>It strengthened national pride and led to the 'Era of Good Feelings,' with a greater sense of unity and strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Supreme Court play in shaping federal power during this period?

<p>It reinforced federal authority through decisions like Marbury v. Madison, which established judicial review.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Who was George Washington?

The first president under the U.S. Constitution.

What is the Cabinet?

A group of advisors that assist the president.

Who was Alexander Hamilton?

First Secretary of the Treasury.

What is the Tariff of 1789?

Law to raise revenue by taxing imported goods.

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What is the Bank of the United States?

Financial institution to manage government funds.

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What is the Whiskey Rebellion?

Rebellion against a federal tax on whiskey.

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What is strict interpretation?

Federal government has only explicitly listed powers.

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What is the Elastic Clause?

Allows Congress to make 'necessary and proper' laws.

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What is the Bill of Rights?

First ten amendments guaranteeing individual rights.

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Who are the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans?

Emerging political factions in the early U.S.

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Who are the Federalists?

Believed in a strong national government.

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Who are the Democratic-Republicans?

Believed in stronger state governments.

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What is Jay's Treaty?

Treaty to settle tensions with Britain over trade.

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What is Pinckney's Treaty?

Treaty with Spain allowing use of Mississippi River.

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What is the French Revolution?

Foreign conflict that divided American opinion.

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What is Washington's Farewell Address?

Washington's advice against parties and foreign alliances.

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What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?

Made it harder for immigrants to become citizens.

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What is Judicial Review: Marbury vs. Madison?

Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional.

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What is the Louisiana Purchase?

Land purchase that doubled the size of the U.S..

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the Treaty of Ghent?

Treaty that ended the War of 1812.

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What was the Tariff of 1789?

Raise revenue and protect American industries.

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What was the Whiskey Rebellion?

Showed federal authority to enforce laws.

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Opposition to the Bank of the United States?

Believed it was unconstitutional.

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What was the significance of Washington's Address?

Warned against parties.

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Impact of Alien and Sedition Acts

Increased tensions by limiting free speech.

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Why was Marbury v. Madison important?

Allows Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.

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Benefit of the Louisiana Purchase?

Doubled the size.

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What caused the War of 1812?

British impressment.

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How did the War of 1812 affect American Nationalism?

Strengthened national pride and unity.

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Supreme Court's role in federal power?

Reinforced federal authority.

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Study Notes

  • George Washington was the first president of the United States under the new Constitution.
  • The group of advisors that assist the president in making decisions is called the Cabinet.
  • Alexander Hamilton was the first Secretary of the Treasury, responsible for creating the financial foundation of the U.S.
  • The Tariff of 1789 was passed to raise revenue by placing tariffs on imported goods.
  • The financial institution proposed by Hamilton to manage government funds and issue currency was the Bank of the United States.
  • The rebellion in western Pennsylvania in response to a federal tax on whiskey was called the Whiskey Rebellion.
  • The belief that the federal government only has powers explicitly listed in the Constitution is known as Strict interpretation.
  • The Elastic Clause in the Constitution allows Congress to make laws that are "necessary and proper" for governing.
  • The Bill of Rights refers to the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guarantee individual rights.
  • The Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties were the two emerging political factions in the early U.S. government.
  • The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, believed in a strong National (or central) government.
  • The Democratic-Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson, believed in stronger state governments.
  • Jay's Treaty of 1794 attempted to settle tensions between the U.S. and Britain over trade and western frontier issues.
  • Pinckney's Treaty with Spain in 1795 allowed Americans to use the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans.
  • The French Revolution was a foreign conflict that divided American opinion and tested the nation's neutrality.
  • Washington's Farewell Address in 1796 warned against political parties and foreign alliances.
  • The Alien and Sedition Acts, passed in 1798, made it harder for immigrants to become citizens and allowed the president to deport those deemed dangerous.
  • The principle established in Marbury v. Madison that allows the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional is called judicial review.
  • The 1803 Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the U.S.
  • The Treaty of Ghent in 1814 ended the War of 1812
  • The main purpose of the Tariff of 1789 was to raise revenue for the new federal government and protect American industries from foreign competition.
  • The Whiskey Rebellion tested the power of the new federal government by demonstrating the government's authority and ability to enforce its laws through military force.
  • Some people opposed the Bank of the United States because they believed it was unconstitutional. It was believed that the Constitution didn't explicitly grant Congress the power to create a bank.
  • Washington's Farewell Address warned against political parties and entangling foreign alliances, shaping U.S. foreign policy for years.
  • The Alien and Sedition Acts impacted American politics by increasing tensions between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans through limiting free speech and targeting immigrants.
  • Marbury v. Madison was an important Supreme Court case as it established judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.
  • One of the biggest benefits of the Louisiana Purchase for the United States was that it doubled the size of the country and gave the U.S. control over the Mississippi River and New Orleans.
  • The main causes of the War of 1812 were British impressment of American sailors, interference with U.S. trade, and British support of Native American resistance in the frontier.
  • The War of 1812 strengthened national pride and led to the "Era of Good Feelings," with a greater sense of unity and strength affecting American nationalism.
  • The Supreme Court reinforced federal authority through decisions like Marbury v. Madison, which established judicial review, shaping federal power during this period.

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Explore George Washington's presidency, including the establishment of the Cabinet and Alexander Hamilton's financial policies. Key topics covered are the Tariff of 1789, the Bank of the United States, and challenges like the Whiskey Rebellion. Understand strict interpretation versus the Elastic Clause and the significance of the Bill of Rights.

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