Urogenital Apparatus Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where is the renal pelvis located?

  • On the medial side of the kidney
  • Inside the renal sinus (correct)
  • At the lateral side of the kidney
  • Directly under the cortex

    • Which structure of the kidney houses the renal pyramids?

  • Renal pelvis
  • Renal sinus
  • Medulla (correct)
  • Cortex

    • What is the function of the hilus of the kidney?

  • Store urine temporarily
  • Allow veins and arteries to enter and exit (correct)
  • Produce erythropoietin and renin
  • Filter plasma

    • In what region of the body are the kidneys located?

    <p>Lumbar region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the urinary tract receives urine from the renal pelvis?

    <p>Ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the kidneys?

    <p>Fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side of the kidney has a convex shape?

    <p>Lateral side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the renal sinus house?

    <p>Renal pyramids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the urethra open in females?

    <p>At the vaginal and vestibule junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a function of the uterine tube?

    <p>Development of the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the ovaries located in females?

    <p>In the lumbar region of the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ovary contains nerves and vessels?

    <p>Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the abdominal wall and uterus to the ovaries?

    <p>Ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In males, what is the name of the urethra that leads towards the penis?

    <p>Penile urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of the male urethra compared to the female urethra?

    <p>'Penile urethra' in addition to 'pelvic urethra'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure catches the oocyte during ovulation?

    <p>Uterine tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the infundibulum?

    <p>To capture the oocyte after the rupture of the mature follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the uterus?

    <p>Y-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the uterus is located within the pelvic cavity?

    <p>Cervix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the uterus?

    <p>To ensure the physiological exchange between fetus and mom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cervix?

    <p>To control access to and from the vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vestibule?

    <p>To allow the penis to enter the vagina during sexual intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the vagina and the vestibule?

    <p>The vestibule and vagina are separated via the urethral orifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the true statement regarding the broad ligament?

    <p>The broad ligament can loosen with each litter of babies birthed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the dorsal commissure of the vulva?

    <p>Rounded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the placenta?

    <p>For gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many zones are present in the zonary placenta of a bitch?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mammary glands?

    <p>For lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the 5 pairs of mammary glands located in a bitch?

    <p>2 in the abdominal area, 2 in the thoracic area, and 1 in the inguinal area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statement about the clitoris is correct?

    <p>It is located in the ventral commissure of the vulva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymph nodes drain the mammary glands?

    <p>Axillary and superficial lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the location of the pigmented zone in the placenta?

    <p>at either end of the transfer zone of the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ureters?

    <p>To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the urinary bladder is correct?

    <p>Its position depends on its level of fullness (plentitude)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the detrusor muscle in the urinary bladder?

    <p>To facilitate the involuntary contraction and relaxation of the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the urethra is correct?

    <p>In females, the urethra is shorter than in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the urethral muscles?

    <p>To prevent urine from leaking through the urethral sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of visible ureteral orifices in the urinary bladder?

    <p>It signals that the viewer is observing the ceiling of the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to both fecal and urinary incontinence?

    <p>Inflammation of the prostate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Urogenital Apparatus

    • Consists of the kidneys and urinary tract
    • Urinary tract composed of ureters, urethra, urinary bladder, and renal pelvis

    Kidneys

    • Right kidney is more cranial than the left
    • Surrounded by fat, located in the lumbar region, attached to the ceiling of the abdominal cavity
    • Peritoneum covers the ventral aspect of the kidneys but not the dorsal aspect
    • Functions: filtering plasma, endocrine function (erythropoietin, renin)
    • External features: bean-shaped, hilus medially orientated, medial side concave, lateral side convex
    • Structure: cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal crest, renal sinus

    Renal Pelvis

    • Collects urine from the renal crest and passes it to the ureters
    • Located inside the renal sinus and the expanding part of the ureter

    Urethra

    • Females: pelvic urethra only, located at the neck of the urinary bladder, caudally in the pelvic cavity, opens at the vaginal and vestibule junction
    • Males: pelvic urethra, longer than females, leads towards the penis, receives ducti deterrents, has a penile urethra

    Female Reproductive Viscera

    • Composed of ovaries, uterine tube, uterus with cervix, vagina, vestibula, and vulva
    • Ovaries: located in the dorsal part of the abdomen, within the lumbar region, close to the tips of the horns of the uterus, functions: female gametogenesis, endocrine function
    • Ovary structure: ovoid, composed of two layers (medulla and cortex), containing a reserve of follicles

    Uterine Tube

    • Functions: catching the oocyte during ovulation, being the site of fertilization, delivering the fertilized ova to the uterine horn
    • Structure: infundibulum, funnel-shaped part that covers the ovary to capture the oocyte

    Uterus

    • Y-shaped organ, located in the abdomen, functions: being the site of gestation, ensuring the physiological exchange between fetus and mom
    • Structure: endometrium (mucosa), myometrium (muscle), perimetrium, broad ligament
    • Cervix: controls access to and from the vagina, partially projects into the vaginal lumen, includes cervical canal, internal uterine orifice, external uterine orifice

    Vagina and Vestibule

    • Copulatory organs, used as the birthing canal, urethral orifice separates the vagina from the vestibule
    • Vestibule combines reproductive and urinary functions, allows the penis to enter the vagina during sexual intercourse

    Vulva

    • Ventral commissure has a pointed shape, houses the clitoris and clitoridis, dorsal commissure has a rounded shape

    Placenta

    • Temporary organ used for gestation, structure varies per species
    • A bitch has a zonary placenta with 3 zones: transfer zone, pigmented zone, relatively non-vascular zone

    Mammary Glands

    • Modified sweat glands, used for lactation, number of pairs varies per species
    • Bitches normally have 5 pairs, lymphatic drainage important during surgical removal of tumors

    Ureters

    • Emerge from the renal hilus, run caudally towards the dorsal aspect of the urinary bladder, function: drain urine
    • Compressed if intravesical pressure rises

    Urinary Bladder

    • Functions: deposits urine between micturition, position of the bladder depends on its plentitude
    • External features: apex, body, neck, no visible sphincter, but the urethral muscles keep the urethra constricted
    • Structure: outer layer: adventitia, middle layer: detrusor muscle, inner layer: mucosa with urothelium

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    Related Documents

    Urogenital apparatus (urinary viscera).docx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the urogenital apparatus, including the composition of kidneys and urinary tract. Learn about the location, structure, and functions of the kidneys in the human body.

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