Urine Specimen Analysis and Rejection Criteria

<p>To guarantee accurate and reliable test results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Round bottom tubes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It accommodates sufficient volume for microscopic analysis, repeat tests, and mixing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microbiological studies to prevent contamination. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refrigerate the specimen or add an appropriate chemical preservative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate sterile transfer of urine to tubes containing preservatives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes related to the growth of bacteria, affecting the accuracy of test results. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formalin (Formaldehyde) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium fluoride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It interferes with analysis of drugs and hormones. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Random (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First morning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excellent sediment preservation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevents bacterial growth and metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrochloric acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased ammonia smell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased due to glycolysis and bacterial use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of carbon dioxide and breakdown of urea to ammonia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreases bilirubin levels due to photo oxidation to biliverdin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To decrease bacterial growth and metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causes precipitation of the crystals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tablet composition should be checked to avoid interference with desired tests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They disintegrate due to the dilute alkaline urine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent bacterial growth and maintain sample integrity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inaccurate recording of the total urine volume. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>VB1 (voided bladder 1) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should be nontoxic to the patient and not interfere with the tests to be performed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passing a hollow tube through the urethra into the bladder and collecting urine from the drainage bag. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>VB1, VB2, EPS, VB3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 mL (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prove that no tampering of the specimen occurred, maintaining its integrity for legal purposes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Either photo identification or positive identification by an employer representative with photo ID. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When the donor may alter or substitute the specimen or when required by the client's policy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A same-gender collector will observe the collection process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 to 45 mL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The collections should be handed to the collector immediately. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To keep a secure and unbroken record of the handling of the urine specimen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specimen's integrity is questionable, making it difficult to defend in legal or employment disputes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of urine specimens for diagnostic purposes.

Process of labeling urine specimens immediately after collection.

Different urine samples collected for specific testing needs.

Forms that specify the type of specimen required for testing.

Protocols for collecting and maintaining urine samples correctly.

12 mL of specimen is needed for microscopic analysis.

Changes in urine composition occur both in the living (in vivo) and in glass (in vitro).

Sterile containers are needed for urine microbiological studies.

Specimens should be tested within 2 hours of collection to prevent significant changes.

Modified or darkened color due to oxidation or reduction of metabolites.

Decreased clarity caused by bacterial growth and precipitation of material.

Odor increases from ammonia due to bacterial breakdown of urea.

Increased pH from breakdown of urea to ammonia by bacteria.

Glucose levels decrease due to glycolysis and bacterial consumption.

Decreased bilirubin caused by exposure to light and photo oxidation.

Nitrite increases due to multiplication of nitrate-reducing bacteria.

Refrigeration preserves urine by decreasing bacterial growth and metabolism.

A strong acid used in various biological applications.

A weak acid commonly used in vinegar and as a preservative.

A naturally occurring acid found in grapes, used in baking.

A solution used for preserving biological specimens.

A preservative used in urine samples, especially for drug analyses.

The most common urine specimen collected at any time.

Urine collected immediately after waking, ideal for screening.

Urine specimen collected after a preliminary cleaning to avoid contamination.

If the third specimen is positive, it is considered invalid.

All specimens should be refrigerated during collection to prevent contamination.

Test involving clean-catch midstream urine collection before and after prostate massage.

A positive post-massage result shows significant bacteriuria over the pre-massage count.

Common errors in urine collections include loss of specimen and transcription errors.

A four-glass urine collection technique for prostatitis diagnosis.

The Stamey-Meares test includes a voided bladder sample for urethral assessment.

Fluid collected during prostatic massage, the third specimen in Stamey-Meares.

A standardized urine collection method to reduce contamination.

A test to identify bacteria in a urine sample.

A procedure to obtain urine directly from the bladder.

Analysis of urine cells to check for abnormalities.

A blood test that checks glucose levels after a meal.

A test to determine how well the body processes glucose.

Urine collections that are supervised or unsupervised to prevent tampering.

Need for proper ID verification when handling urine specimens.