Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) test?
What is the primary purpose of a urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) test?
Which urine specimen collection method is recommended for a culture and sensitivity test?
Which urine specimen collection method is recommended for a culture and sensitivity test?
How should sputum specimens be collected for a C&S test?
How should sputum specimens be collected for a C&S test?
What does the 24-hour urine collection primarily assess?
What does the 24-hour urine collection primarily assess?
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When collecting a 24-hour urine sample, what is the first step that should be taken?
When collecting a 24-hour urine sample, what is the first step that should be taken?
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Which of the following tests is NOT indicated for urine specimens?
Which of the following tests is NOT indicated for urine specimens?
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What is a key principle when collecting a stool specimen for the occult blood test?
What is a key principle when collecting a stool specimen for the occult blood test?
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What should be avoided before collecting sputum specimens for AFB testing?
What should be avoided before collecting sputum specimens for AFB testing?
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What is indicated by a glucosetronic test on blood?
What is indicated by a glucosetronic test on blood?
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Study Notes
Specimen Collection
- Specimen collection is crucial for investigations
- Different specimens include urine, stool, sputum, blood, and swabs.
Urine Specimen Collection
- FEME (Full Examination): Involves a full microscopic examination
- C&S (Culture & Sensitivity): Identifies microorganisms and determines antibiotic susceptibility
- Urinalysis dipstick: A quick test for various substances in urine
- 24-hour urine collection: Collects urine over a 24-hour period
- Urinalysis: Measurements of urine pH, specific gravity (SG), protein, glucose, blood, and other substances
Stool Specimen Collection
- Collection methods include using a specimen pot and spoon
- Faeces should be semi-formed or liquid
- Fill specimen pot to approximately a quarter full
- Hand hygiene is essential after collection
Sputum Specimen Collection
- C&S: One sputum specimen collected
- AFB-PTB: Collecting 3 specimens over 3 days
- Early morning collection is recommended
- Sputum should be collected before brushing teeth, taking food, use of tooth paste or antiseptic
- Sputa collection uses a sputum trap and a suction catheter
- Must be different from saliva, characterized by a thick and sticky nature
Blood Specimen Collection
- Blood tests: Glucose level is a common test using a glucometer or dextrostic device.
- Swab test (C&S): Assess mucous membranes for infections (throat, nasal, wound discharge)
- To determine levels of glucose in the blood
Swab Collection
- Sterile swabs are crucial for collecting samples
- Throat swabs involve swabbing the tonsillar areas and posterior pharynx, targeting inflamed areas
Urinometer
- Measures the specific gravity of urine to analyze the concentration of solutes
- Reference ranges for urine specific gravity are 1.005-1.030
- Elevated SG may indicate dehydration, diarrhea, vomiting, excessive sweating, kidney/bladder infections, or diabetes.
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Description
Explore the essential techniques for collecting various types of specimens, including urine, stool, and sputum. This quiz covers procedures such as FEME, C&S, and urinalysis, emphasizing the importance of proper methods and hygiene. Test your knowledge on the guidelines for effective specimen collection.
