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Questions and Answers
Nocturia is characterized by an increase in the day excretion of urine.
Nocturia is characterized by an increase in the day excretion of urine.
False
Anuria is characterized by a urine output of less than 400 mL/day in adults.
Anuria is characterized by a urine output of less than 400 mL/day in adults.
False
Oliguria is characterized by a urine output of less than 2.5 L/day in adults.
Oliguria is characterized by a urine output of less than 2.5 L/day in adults.
False
Urinalysis is not a valuable tool to diagnose liver disease.
Urinalysis is not a valuable tool to diagnose liver disease.
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Urinalysis is only performed on patients with diabetes mellitus.
Urinalysis is only performed on patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Polyuria is characterized by a urine volume of less than 2.5 L/day in adults.
Polyuria is characterized by a urine volume of less than 2.5 L/day in adults.
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Sterile cotton balls are not necessary for collecting a clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen.
Sterile cotton balls are not necessary for collecting a clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen.
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The patient should use antiseptic solution to cleanse the genitals immediately preceding the collection of the specimen.
The patient should use antiseptic solution to cleanse the genitals immediately preceding the collection of the specimen.
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The laboratory requisition form should be completed by the patient.
The laboratory requisition form should be completed by the patient.
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Waking a patient in the morning to obtain a routine specimen is not necessary.
Waking a patient in the morning to obtain a routine specimen is not necessary.
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The healthcare worker should not label the bottle or container with the date, client's name, and department identification.
The healthcare worker should not label the bottle or container with the date, client's name, and department identification.
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The healthcare worker does not need to check the specimen form with the client's name, date, and content of urinalysis.
The healthcare worker does not need to check the specimen form with the client's name, date, and content of urinalysis.
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The healthcare professional should label the specimen bottle with the client's name and doctor's name only.
The healthcare professional should label the specimen bottle with the client's name and doctor's name only.
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A second-voided urine specimen is used for routine urinalysis and culture and sensitivity test.
A second-voided urine specimen is used for routine urinalysis and culture and sensitivity test.
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It is optional to perform hand hygiene and put on gloves before collecting the urine specimen.
It is optional to perform hand hygiene and put on gloves before collecting the urine specimen.
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The urine specimen should be sent to the laboratory after documenting the procedure in the designated place.
The urine specimen should be sent to the laboratory after documenting the procedure in the designated place.
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A 24-hour urine specimen is collected by collecting only the middle portion of the voided urine.
A 24-hour urine specimen is collected by collecting only the middle portion of the voided urine.
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Used equipment should be cleaned and disinfected after collecting the urine specimen.
Used equipment should be cleaned and disinfected after collecting the urine specimen.
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Catheterized urine specimen is used to detect kidney and cardiac diseases or conditions.
Catheterized urine specimen is used to detect kidney and cardiac diseases or conditions.
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The client should be instructed to void in a contaminated receptacle to reduce the risk of infection.
The client should be instructed to void in a contaminated receptacle to reduce the risk of infection.
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Normal urine is typically dark yellow and cloudy.
Normal urine is typically dark yellow and cloudy.
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The container used for collecting 24-hour urine specimen must be kept at room temperature.
The container used for collecting 24-hour urine specimen must be kept at room temperature.
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A clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen is collected by first emptying the bladder and then waiting until another specimen can be collected.
A clean-catch mid-stream urine specimen is collected by first emptying the bladder and then waiting until another specimen can be collected.
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Study Notes
Urine Analysis
- Urine analysis is a valuable tool for screening patients and diagnosing health issues, providing information on hydration, renal and urinary tract health, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and urinary-tract infections.
Preparing for Urine Collection
- Preparation for equipment: sterile cotton balls, sterile gloves, antiseptic solution, sterile specimen container, sterile water or saline, completed identification specimen label, and completed laboratory requisition form.
- Preparation for the patient: wake the patient in the morning, instruct the patient to use soap and water for cleansing the genitals before collecting the specimen.
- Preparation for oneself: perform hand hygiene, wear gloves, check the specimen form with client's name, date, and content of urinalysis, and label the bottle or container with the date, client's name, department identification, and doctor's name.
Procedure for Collecting Clean-Catch Mid-Stream Urine Specimen
- Explain the procedure to gain the patient's cooperation.
- Gather all equipment and check the specimen form with client's name, date, and content of urinalysis.
- Label the bottle or container with the date, client's name, department identification, and doctor's name.
- Perform hand hygiene and put on gloves.
- Instruct the client to void in a clean receptacle to limit cross-contamination and decrease the occurrence of infection.
- Remove the specimen immediately after the client has voided.
- Dispose of used equipment or clean them to prevent transmission of infection.
- Remove gloves and perform hand hygiene.
- Send the specimen bottle or container to the laboratory immediately with the specimen form.
Types of Urine Analysis
- Clean-Catch mid-stream urine specimen: used for routine urinalysis, culture, and sensitivity test.
- Catheterized urine specimen.
- Second-voided urine specimen: more accurate for glucose testing.
- 24-hour urine specimen: used to detect kidney and cardiac diseases, measure total urine components, protein, hormones, creatinine, minerals, and other chemical compounds.
Terminology
- Oliguria: urine output less than 400 mL/day in adults.
- Anuria: cessation of urine flow or less than 100 ml/day in adults.
- Nocturia: an increase in night excretion of urine.
- Polyuria: urine volume greater than 2.5 L/day in adults.
Normal Urine
- Normal urine is typically pale yellow and clear.
- Obvious abnormalities in color, clarity, and cloudiness may suggest different diseases.
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Description
Learn about urine testing, a valuable tool for screening and diagnosing health status. Urinalysis provides information on hydration, renal and urinary tracts, liver disease, diabetes, and urinary tract infections.
