Urine Osmolality and Specific Gravity Measurement
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone stimulates growth of bone and muscle?

  • Growth hormone (GH) (correct)
  • Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Prolactin
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
  • What is the main function of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)?

  • Increases water reabsorption by kidney (correct)
  • Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones
  • Stimulates growth of ovarian follicle
  • Prepares female breast for breastfeeding
  • Which hormone stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones?

  • Prolactin
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Oxytocin
  • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (correct)
  • What is the function of Prolactin in females?

    <p>Prepares female breast for breastfeeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates sperm production in males?

    <p>Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Insulin antagonist?

    <p>Decreases carbohydrate metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is initiated for medical management of pheochromocytoma once alpha-adrenergic control is achieved?

    <p>Propranolol (Inderal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative treatment for pheochromocytoma if blood pressure control is inadequate or the patient cannot tolerate side effects of Propranolol?

    <p>Nifedipine (Adalat)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What procedure is considered the definitive treatment for pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Adrenalectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can occur during or after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Hypertensive crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In nursing management of pheochromocytoma, what action should be taken to promote orthostatic decrease in blood pressure during episodes of hypertension or tachycardia?

    <p>Instituting bed rest with head of bed elevated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical condition results from chronic exposure to excess glucocorticoids and affects women more than men?

    <p>Cushing's Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for urine osmolality?

    <p>250-900 mOsm/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by urine osmolality below 300 mOsm/kg after fluid deprivation and above 600 mOsm/kg after desmopressin?

    <p>Central Diabetes Insipidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does urine specific gravity measure?

    <p>The concentration of particles in urine compared to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication helps decrease thirst associated with central Diabetes Insipidus?

    <p>Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the fluid deprivation test in diagnosing Diabetes Insipidus?

    <p>To measure urine osmolality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Diabetes Insipidus, what is the urine osmolality pattern seen in nephrogenic DI after desmopressin administration?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by hypersecretion of growth hormone when the epiphyseal plate is already closed?

    <p>Acromegaly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acromegaly?

    <p>Idiopathic hyperplasia of the APG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical manifestation is NOT associated with acromegaly?

    <p>Acanthosis nigricans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual impairment can be a field defect seen in acromegaly?

    <p>Hemianopsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is overproduced in acromegaly, leading to connective tissue overgrowth?

    <p>IGF-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cardiovascular manifestation is commonly seen in acromegaly?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Dexamethasone suppression test in the diagnostics of Cushing's Syndrome?

    <p>To measure plasma cortisol and ACTH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does post-operative care for adrenal insufficiency typically begin after a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?

    <p>12 to 48 hours after surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure is recommended if the cause of Cushing's Syndrome is an adrenal hypertrophy?

    <p>Adrenalectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the collaborative management of Cushing's Syndrome, when are adrenal enzyme inhibitors like Metyrapone and Ketoconazole used?

    <p>If ectopic ACTH production is the cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Addison’s Disease?

    <p>Adrenal gland damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dose reduction in collaborative management of Cushing's Syndrome?

    <p>To prevent pituitary tumor growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

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