40 Questions
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
To remove waste products and drugs from the body
How many parts does the urinary system consist of?
Four
What is the average weight of the right kidney in men?
130-150 gm
Where are the kidneys situated in the body?
Posteriorly behind the peritoneum
What is the relationship between the right kidney and the liver?
The right kidney is inferior to the liver
What is the shape of the kidneys?
Bilateral bean-shaped
What is the outermost layer of the kidney?
Renal capsule
What is the main unit of the medulla in the kidney?
Renal pyramid
How many major calyces are usually present in the kidney?
Two to three
What is the function of the renal hilum?
To transmit renal vessels and nerves
What is the name of the connective tissue sheath that envelops each kidney and suprarenal gland?
Renal fascia
What is the direction of the base of the renal pyramid?
Towards the cortex
Where do the kidneys drain into?
Lateral aortic (lumbar) lymph nodes
What is the function of the ureters?
To transport urine from the kidney to the bladder
What is the anatomical course of the ureters divided into?
Abdominal and pelvic components
What is the point at which the renal pelvis narrows to form the ureter known as?
Ureteropelvic junction
What are the arteries that supply the abdominal part of the ureters?
Renal artery, testicular/ovarian artery, and ureteral branches from the abdominal aorta
What is the length of the ureters?
25 cm
What is the shape of the fundus of the bladder?
Triangular
What is the function of the detrusor muscle in the bladder?
To facilitate micturition
What is the origin of the arterial supply to the bladder?
Internal iliac artery
Which part of the bladder is continuous with the urethra?
Neck
What is the type of muscle that makes up the internal urethral sphincter?
Involuntary
Where do the lymphatics from the superolateral aspect of the bladder drain into?
External iliac nodes
Which nervous system arms control the bladder?
Autonomic and somatic
What type of epithelium lines the urethra?
Stratified columnar
What is the approximate length of the male urethra?
15-20cm
What part of the male urethra passes through the prostate gland?
Prostatic urethra
What is the approximate length of the female urethra?
3-4cm
What is the function of the mucus-secreting glands in the urethra?
To protect the epithelium from corrosive urine
The urethra is responsible for transporting urine from the kidney to an external opening in the perineum.
False
The male urethra is divided into two parts anatomically.
False
The female urethra is approximately 15-20cm long.
False
The stratified columnar epithelium lining the urethra is protected from the corrosive urine by muscular contractions.
False
The bladder receives input from the somatic nervous system only.
False
The prostate gland is part of the female urinary system.
False
The urethral orifice is the point where the urethra begins.
False
The penile urethra is the part of the male urethra that passes through the pelvic floor.
False
The bladder neck is the point where the urethra ends.
False
The urethra is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
False
Test your knowledge of the urinary system, its functions, and its parts. Learn about the roles of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra in removing waste, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining salt balance and blood pH.
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