Untitled Quiz

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What is the primary role of the urinary system?

Stimulation of erythrocyte production

Excretion of metabolic wastes and excess water (correct)

Conversion of vitamin D to its active form

Regulation of blood pressure

Which substance is secreted by the kidneys for the regulation of blood pressure?

Angiotensin I

Calcitriol

Renin (correct)

Erythropoietin

What is the temporary storage organ for urine in the urinary system?

Bladder (correct)

Ureters

Urethra

Kidneys

Which function of the kidneys is NOT mentioned in the text?

Excretion of bile Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates erythrocyte production in red marrow?

Erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Regulation of blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which cells form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?

Podocytes Signup and view all the answers

During which physiological condition would the kidneys engage in gluconeogenesis?

During periods of prolonged fasting Signup and view all the answers

Where does ultrafiltrate leave the renal corpuscle?

At the renal pole Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mesangial cells in the glomerulus?

Supporting glomerular capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which cells form the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule?

Simple squamous cells Signup and view all the answers

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located?

Where the DCT contacts the afferent arteriole Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mesangial cells in the glomerulus?

Structural support to podocytes and vessels Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium is present in the walls of the proximal tubule?

Columnar epithelium Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the Loop of Henle is permeable to water but not solutes?

Descending segment Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the straight part and convoluted part of the Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)?

Expansion in diameter occurs only in the convoluted part Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type forms the Macula Densa in contact with the Glomerulus?

Low cuboidal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the juxtaglomerular cells?

Produce and secrete renin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of extraglomerular mesangial cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Produce ultrafiltrate Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular component of the juxtaglomerular apparatus contacts the glomerulus forming a specialized section of tubular epithelium called macula densa?

Macula densa Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of renin in the context of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Convert angiotensinogen to angiotensin Signup and view all the answers

How do juxtaglomerular cells influence blood pressure?

By converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates extraglomerular mesangial cells from juxtaglomerular cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Surrounded by a thick BL Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium is characteristic of the male urethra at the external urethral orifice?

Stratified squamous Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the urethra contains cavernous tissue spaces typical of erectile tissue?

Tunica submucosa Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscle that the urethra acquires towards the external urethral orifice?

Striated urethralis muscle Signup and view all the answers

In females, what type of epithelium characterizes the urethra?

Stratified squamous Signup and view all the answers

Where does the spongy (penile) urethra extend from?

Membranous urethra to external urethral orifice Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mucus in the urinary bladder?

To prevent cells from being contacted by urine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle forms the internal urethral sphincter?

Circular smooth muscle fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the serosa/adventitia layer in the urinary bladder?

Anchors the bladder in place Signup and view all the answers

How many tissue layers compose the wall of the urinary bladder?

Four Signup and view all the answers