Urinary System Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology for the Urinary System

• cyst/o: Refers to the urinary bladder.
• glomerul/o: Pertains to the glomerulus, a key structure in kidney function.
• nephr/o & ren/o: Both terms relate to the kidneys, essential organs for filtering blood and producing urine.
• pyel/o: Indicates the renal pelvis, where urine collects before moving to the ureter.
• ureter/o: Refers to the ureter, the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
• urethr/o: Pertains to the urethra, the duct through which urine is expelled from the bladder.

Conditions and Procedures

• -uria: A suffix indicating a condition relating to urine.
• anuria: Condition of not producing urine; "an-" means without.
• cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder; "itis" signifies inflammation.
• cystocele: A hernia or swelling of the bladder.
• cystolith: A stone located in the urinary bladder.
• diuresis: Increased production of urine.
• dysuria: Painful or difficult urination; "dys-" indicates difficulty or pain.

Kidney-Related Disorders

• glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the glomerulus and kidney.
• hydronephrosis: Condition characterized by swelling of the kidney due to a buildup of urine.
• nephritis: Inflammation of the kidney.
• nephrolithiasis: Presence of stones in the kidney.
• nephropathy: General term for kidney disease.
• nephrosclerosis: Hardening of kidney tissue.
• nephrosis: A kidney condition, often referring to non-inflammatory kidney disease.

Urination-Related Terms

• nocturia: Frequent urination at night.
• oliguria: Low urine output; "olig-" signifies scanty.
• polyuria: Excessive urination; "poly-" means many.
• pyelonephritis: Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney.

Blood and Urine Anomalies

• uremia: Presence of urea in the blood, usually associated with kidney failure.
• albuminuria: Presence of albumin in urine, indicating possible kidney dysfunction.
• bacteriuria: Presence of bacteria in urine.
• glycosuria: Presence of sugar in urine, often a sign of diabetes.
• hematuria: Presence of blood in urine.
• ketonuria: Presence of ketones in urine, indicative of ketosis.
• proteinuria: Presence of protein in urine, often a sign of kidney issues.
• pyuria: Presence of pus in urine.

Diagnostic Procedures

• cystography: Imaging procedure to visualize the bladder.
• intravenous pyelography: Imaging technique to look at the kidneys and ureters post-contrast injection.
• retrograde pyelography: Imaging method that captures images of the urinary system by injecting dye backward through the urethra.
• urinalysis: Laboratory analysis of urine for diagnostic purposes.
• voiding cystourethrography: Imaging method assessing bladder and urethra during urination.

Surgical Terms

• cystectomy: Surgical removal of the urinary bladder.