Medical Terminology: Chapter 7 (Urinary System)
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Questions and Answers

Herniation of the urethra is known as:

  • Urethrocele (correct)
  • Ureterocele
  • Nephritis
  • Pyelopathy
  • Rectocele

    • End-stage renal disease is synonymous with:

  • Disease of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
  • BPH
  • Urinary tract infection
  • Hemodialysis
  • Chronic renal failure (correct)

    • What term means act of voiding urine?

  • Micturition (correct)
  • Nocturia
  • Oliguria
  • Pyorrhea
  • Urodynia

    • Which urinary structure stores urine?

    <p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surgical procedure to correct a prolapsed kidney?

    <p>Nephropexy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation for intravenous pyelography?

    <p>IVP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radiographic examination of the urinary tract is known as:

    <p>KUB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is used to inspect the urinary bladder?

    <p>Cystoscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Some wastes filtered from the blood by the kidneys are:

    <p>Nitrogenous products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an accurate description of nephrorrhaphy?

    <p>Suturing of the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The combining form vesic/o means:

    <p>Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wilms tumor is a:

    <p>Malignant tumor of the kidney, usually occurring in children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Herniation of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder is known as:

    <p>Ureterocele</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Urinary incontinence, such as bedwetting, is called:

    <p>Enuresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The urinary tract is composed of the:

    <p>Kidneys, ureters, and bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surgical procedure is the fixation of a floating kidney?

    <p>Nephropexy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cystectomy is the surgical procedure for:

    <p>Excision of the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Renal abscess may lead to:

    <p>Pyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What small, tubular structure drains urine from the bladder?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive accumulation of fluid within body tissues is called:

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which terms share the same meaning?

    <p>Urethrodynia—urethralgia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The combining form py/o means:

    <p>Pus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is matched with its correct meaning?

    <p>Oliguria - decrease in urine volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a congenital opening of the urethra on the undersurface of the penis?

    <p>Hypospadias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The doctor orders physical, chemical, and microscopic evaluation of a urine sample as a(n):

    <p>UA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surgical procedure involves crushing a stone or calculus?

    <p>Lithotripsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The abbreviation ESWL is associated with:

    <p>Nephrolithiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An artificial kidney machine is involved in:

    <p>Hemodialysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term means increase in nitrogenous compounds in the blood?

    <p>Azotemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term that means uncontrolled loss of urine from the bladder?

    <p>Incontinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combining form cyst/o?

    <p>bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form vesic/o mean?

    <p>bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form glomerul/o represent?

    <p>glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the combining form meat/o?

    <p>opening, meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form nephro- stand for?

    <p>kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combining form ren/o associated with?

    <p>kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form pyel/o mean?

    <p>renal pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the combining form ur/o?

    <p>urine, urinary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form ureter/o represent?

    <p>ureter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the combining form urethr/o mean?

    <p>urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the suffix -emia?

    <p>blood condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -iasis signify?

    <p>abnormal condition (produced by something specified)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -lysis imply?

    <p>separation; destruction; loosening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -pathy mean?

    <p>disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -pexy represent?

    <p>fixation (of an organ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -ptosis mean?

    <p>prolapse, downward displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -tripsy mean?

    <p>crushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix -uria signify?

    <p>urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term lithiasis mean?

    <p>abnormal condition of stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is nephrolithiasis?

    <p>abnormal condition of kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of azot/o?

    <p>nitrogenous compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term proteinuria mean?

    <p>chronic loss of protein in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would you describe a condition discussed by the term edema?

    <p>swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term diuretics refer to?

    <p>medications administered to increase urine secretion in order to rid the body of excess water and salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix supra- mean?

    <p>above, excessive, superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term nephroptosis refer to?

    <p>prolapsed or displaced kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term pyuria refer to?

    <p>pus in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term dysuria mean?

    <p>painful urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term interstitial nephritis?

    <p>condition associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does renal hypertension signify?

    <p>high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does uremia refer to?

    <p>elevated levels of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Wilms tumor?

    <p>malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually before age 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term blood urea nitrogen (BUN) signify?

    <p>laboratory test that measures the amount of urea in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is creatinine clearance?

    <p>laboratory test that measures the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term computed tomography (CT) refer to?

    <p>radiographic study using a narrow beam of x-rays to acquire multiple views of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is pyelography?

    <p>radiographic study of the kidney, ureters, and bladder after injection of a contrast agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intravenous pyelography (IVP) involve?

    <p>radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Urinary System Terminology

    • Urethrocele: Herniation of the urethra.
    • Chronic renal failure: Synonym for end-stage renal disease highlighting the irreversible decline in kidney function.
    • Micturition: The act of voiding urine.
    • Bladder: Urinary structure responsible for urine storage.
    • Nephropexy: Surgical procedure to correct a prolapsed kidney.
    • IVP (Intravenous Pyelography): Abbreviation for a radiographic imaging technique utilizing contrast media.
    • KUB: Radiographic examination of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, assessing their size and shape.
    • Cystoscope: Instrument used to inspect the urinary bladder.
    • Nitrogenous products: Wastes filtered from blood by kidneys, significant for assessing renal function.
    • Nephrorrhaphy: Surgical term for the suturing of the kidney.

    Prefixes and Suffixes

    • Vesic/o & Cyst/o: Both combining forms refer to the bladder.
    • Py/o: Indicates the presence of pus, significant in conditions like pyuria.
    • -uria: Suffix indicating conditions associated with urine.
    • -lithiasis: Refers to the presence of stones in the body, as seen in nephrolithiasis.
    • -ptosis: Indicates prolapse or downward displacement, applicable in nephroptosis.

    Conditions and Procedures

    • Wilms tumor: A malignant kidney tumor predominantly seen in children.
    • Hypospadias: A congenital condition where the urethra opens on the undersurface of the penis.
    • Enuresis: Involuntary urination after a certain age, commonly referred to as bedwetting.
    • Azotemia: The increase of nitrogenous compounds in the blood, showcasing kidney function impairment.
    • Uremia: Elevated urea levels in the blood due to kidney failure, often leading to toxicity.

    Diagnostic Tests

    • CT (Computed Tomography): Imaging technique utilizing x-rays for cross-sectional images of internal organs.
    • BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen): Test measuring the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood; reflects kidney filtering ability.
    • Creatinine Clearance: Laboratory test assessing the rate of creatinine removal from the blood by kidneys.

    Surgical and Treatment Terms

    • Lithotripsy: Procedure that involves crushing stones in the urinary tract.
    • Hemodialysis: Treatment method using an artificial kidney machine to filter waste from the blood.
    • ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy): Non-invasive procedure for kidney stone treatment using shock waves.

    Common Urinary Disorders

    • Diuresis: Increased urine formation, possibly due to diuretic medications.
    • Dysuria: Painful urination, often associated with infections.
    • Proteinuria: Presence of protein in urine, indicating potential kidney damage.

    Key Medical Concepts

    • Nephrolithiasis: Condition of having kidney stones, leading to various complications.
    • Renal hypertension: High blood pressure resulting from renal disease.
    • Cystitis: Inflammation of the bladder, commonly due to infection.
    • Ureters: Tubes carrying urine from kidneys to the bladder.
    • Urethra: The small tube through which urine is expelled from the bladder.

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    Test your knowledge of key terms in the urinary system with these flashcards from Chapter 7 of Medical Terminology. This quiz covers essential vocabulary, definitions, and concepts that are crucial for understanding urinary health and related medical conditions.

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