16 Questions
Which hormone promotes sodium secretion in diabetic kidney disease?
Natriuretic hormone
What is the primary function of baroreceptors?
Monitor blood pressure in the aorta and carotid sinuses
Which substance inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Alcohol
What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Increase calcium reabsorption
Which substance is primarily responsible for regulating urine pH?
Hydrogen ions
What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)?
Increase red blood cell production
What is the main purpose of the kidney?
To excrete waste and maintain homeostatic balance of the plasma
What is the function of the macula densa?
To regulate the release of renin based on changes in sodium concentration and flow rate
What is the purpose of the renal hilum?
To allow the entry and exit of blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics, and ureters
What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule?
To fine-tune the reabsorption of substances like sodium, calcium, and hydrogen ions
What is the purpose of the aquaporin channels in the collecting duct?
To control the reabsorption of water based on the osmolarity of the blood
What is the function of the loop of Henle?
To create a countercurrent mechanism that concentrates the urine
What is the purpose of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
To measure the volume of filtrate formed per minute by both kidneys
What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
To efficiently absorb and secrete various solutes through active transport and diffusion
What is the main cause of systemic edema?
Excessive protein filtration into the urine, leading to decreased osmotic pressure in the blood
What is the main cause of oliguria (low urine output)?
Kidney failure, obstruction (stone or tumor), or enlarged prostate
Test your knowledge about the functions of the urinary system and indicators of dehydration such as darker urine and specific gravity. Learn about conditions like polyuria and oliguria, and what they signify for the body's health.
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