Urinary System Anatomy and Functions

<p>Regulate electrolytes and water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distal convoluted tubule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanical protection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It acts as an energy reserve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eccrine glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorbs UV radiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sound waves vibrate the eardrum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iris (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulation through hair (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small Intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical digestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stores and eliminates waste products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amylase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pharynx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fat-soluble vitamins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Churns food and mixes it with gastric juices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peristalsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Kidneys filter blood by removing waste and excess water, and regulate blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cell production.

The organs in the urinary system are kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

The nephron is the kidney's functional unit, filtering blood, reabsorbing needed substances, and secreting wastes into urine.

Kidneys maintain the right amount of water and electrolytes in the blood, crucial for homeostasis.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) often cause pain, burning when urinating, and frequent urination.

Nephrons have glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.

The kidney has an outer cortex and inner medulla, with loops of Henle in the medulla, for concentrating urine.

The micturition reflex is the process that empties the bladder, involving complex neurological control.

The outermost layer of skin, made of stratified squamous epithelium with keratinocytes as the main cell type.

The middle layer of skin, containing connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands.

The innermost layer of skin, mainly composed of adipose tissue (fat).

The skin protects against mechanical injuries, pathogens, and UV radiation.

Melanin is a pigment that protects against UV damage by absorbing UV radiation and reducing its penetration into the skin.

Produce sebum, a substance that lubricates hair and skin.

Regulate body temperature by producing sweat that evaporates and cools the skin.

Produce a thicker sweat with additional fatty acids, activated during stress or emotional arousal.

A continuous tube extending from the mouth to the anus, responsible for digestion, absorption, and elimination.

The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces, like chewing or churning.

The breakdown of food molecules by enzymes, like breaking down proteins into amino acids.

The primary site of nutrient absorption in the GI tract with small finger-like projections called villi.

The final part of the GI tract that absorbs water and electrolytes, forming feces.

The liver produces bile, a substance that helps digest fats.

The pancreas produces digestive enzymes like amylase for carbohydrates and lipase for fats.

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are absorbed with fats and require bile for absorption.

The rhythmic muscular contractions that move food through the GI tract.

Chewing and saliva (chemical) in the mouth begin the digestive process.