Urinary System: Anatomy and Function

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the urinary bladder?

  • Serving as a reservoir for the storage of urine. (correct)
  • Filtering waste from the blood for excretion.
  • Excreting urine from the body.
  • Transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

During the process of urination, what action does the bladder perform?

  • It produces urine from nitrogenous substances.
  • It filters inorganic salts from the blood.
  • It contracts to expel urine through the urethra. (correct)
  • It absorbs water back into the bloodstream.

Approximately how much urine does a healthy adult typically produce per day?

  • 50 ml
  • 1000-1500 ml (correct)
  • 2000-2500 ml
  • 250-500 ml

Which factor would most likely lead to retention?

<p>Certain medications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes painful or difficult urination?

<p>Dysuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is experiencing involuntary loss of urine. Which term is most appropriate to describe this condition?

<p>Incontinence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

<p>Bacterial infection in the urinary tract (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome after a patient urinates after 250-500 ml of urine has accumulated in the bladder?

<p>The need for excretion arises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the age and development of a patient when assessing urine excretion?

<p>Older adults may have decreased bladder capacity or other age-related changes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when recommending drinks that provide diuresis, like tea or coffee, for a patient with urinary retention?

<p>These drinks may not be suitable for patients with certain underlying conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to determine whether a patient has any restrictions before suggesting increased fluid intake to promote urine excretion?

<p>Some patients may have conditions where increased fluid intake is contraindicated. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a urinary catheter typically recommended?

<p>When a patient has urinary retention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is short-term catheterization most appropriate?

<p>For intermittent drainage of the bladder over a few days. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which catheter type is typically preferred for applications lasting longer than three weeks?

<p>Foley catheter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between a Nelaton catheter and a Foley catheter?

<p>A Nelaton catheter is a non-permanent catheter type, while a Foley catheter is generally permanent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to use the appropriate catheter size based on the patient's age and gender?

<p>To minimize the risk of discomfort and trauma during insertion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which position is generally recommended for a male patient during urinary catheterization?

<p>Supine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cleaning the genital area with an antiseptic solution prior to urinary catheterization?

<p>To reduce the risk of infection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During urinary catheterization, what is the most accurate description of maintaining sterile technique?

<p>It is important when inserting the lubricated catheter tip (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key step after inserting a Foley catheter and observing urine flow?

<p>Inflating the balloon with sterile water. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After connecting a catheter to a drainage system, what is an important step to ensure proper function?

<p>Ensuring there are no kinks or obstructions in the tubing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which consideration is important when a patient with a urinary catheter is being transferred or moved?

<p>The catheter should be clamped, and the bag must be drained and connections closed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should a standard urine bag be emptied?

<p>Every 8 hours. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signs might indicate that a urine catheter and bag need to be changed?

<p>Bad smell, blurred urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the meatus is dirty, what is the appropriate action?

<p>Clean with water and soap or baticon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When collecting a sterile urine sample from a non-catheterized patient, what part of the urine stream should be collected?

<p>A middle urine sample (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After obtaining a urine sample, how soon should it be sent to the lab?

<p>Within 30 minutes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When obtaining a sterile urine sample from a catheter, what angle should the needle be inserted into the port?

<p>30-degree angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized while performing catheterization?

<p>Maintaining a sterile environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following the procedure of inserting a catheter, what action is essential?

<p>Document the procedure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check for irritation in the areas where the catheter is secured with tape?

<p>To identify local allergic reactions, dermatitis, or other skin-related complications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In suprapubic catheterization, how is the catheter placed?

<p>Through the bladder over the pubis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When preforming Bladder irrigation, a bladder irrigation set must include which of the following?

<p>It should include a 3 lumen set (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using a patient underpad?

<p>As a method to reduce urinary tract infection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What qualifies clean intermittent catheterization?

<p>It is administered by the patient at certain intervals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep the urine bag below the level of the bladder?

<p>To prevent urine from returning to the bladder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should catheter exercises be performed?

<p>Before the catheter is removed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should occur after catheter removal?

<p>Patient must be able to feel when they have to urinate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The external catheter is best described with which description?

<p>It is used for men to treat urinary incontinence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should the external catheter by changed?

<p>Every 24 hours. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is correct?

<p>Keep the skin clean that comes in contact with the external catheter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological process is directly facilitated by the ureters?

<p>Transport of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors has the LEAST direct impact on urine excretion?

<p>Respiratory rate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient reports needing to urinate more frequently at night. Which term accurately describes this?

<p>Nocturia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In urinary retention, what is the MOST significant and immediate symptom a patient is likely to experience?

<p>Inability to urinate for hours (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is included in the urinary tract that is MOST commonly involved in infections?

<p>Bladder and Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When promoting easy urinary excretion, why should healthcare providers exercise caution when recommending diuretics?

<p>They may be contraindicated with certain medical conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a urinary catheter facilitate urine drainage?

<p>Passes through the urethra into the bladder to collect urine. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is sterile technique crucial during urinary catheterization?

<p>To minimize the risk of introducing infection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which instance would urinary catheterization be LEAST appropriate?

<p>Obtaining a urine sample for routine screening. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key feature differentiates a Foley catheter from a Nelaton catheter?

<p>Presence of a balloon for secure placement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the appropriate catheter size determined for a patient?

<p>Patient's age and gender. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to apply lubricant to the catheter prior to insertion?

<p>To reduce friction and prevent urethral trauma. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a catheter typically used?

<p>Patient reports that they have urinary retention. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes long-term catheterization?

<p>More than 21 days. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When cleaning the genital area with antiseptic solution before urinary catheterization, how many times must it be cleaned?

<p>3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to clamp the tubing just below the catheter port for about 30 minutes prior to obtaining a sterile urine sample?

<p>To ensure there is a proper sample. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When inserting the needle to extract a urine sample from a catheter, what must the angle be?

<p>30 degrees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution is used in bladder irrigation?

<p>Sterile solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of metal hangers concerning urination?

<p>To hold the urine bag. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often must the urine bag be checked for evacuation?

<p>8 Hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Kidneys Function

The kidneys are located in the lumbar region and start the urine formation process.

What are ureters?

Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Urinary bladder

Sac-like organ that stores urine.

Urethra definition

The tube through which urine passes from the bladder to outside the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vulva definition

Female external genitalia.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Meatus Definition

Where the urethra opens to the outside.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Penis function

Male sex and urinary excretory organ.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Define perineum

A mass of skin, muscle and connective tissue localized between the vagina and anus in a woman.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary system

The system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine, the fluid waste excreted by the kidneys

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urine excretion route

Waste is excreted from the body through the urethra.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Micturition (urination)

The act of the bladder contracting and urine being excreted from the body through the urethra.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Normal bladder fill volume before excretion

250-500 ml

Signup and view all the flashcards

Normal urine production per hour

About 50 ml.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Healthy daily urine output

1000-1500 ml

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fluid Intake

The need to urinate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Oliguria

Output less than 500mL/day.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anuria definition

Output less than 50mL/day or inability to urinate at all.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Polyuria definition

Increased volume of urine, more than 2 liters in 24 hours.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hematuria definition

Erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the urine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dysuria

Painful or difficult urine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Enuresis definition

Involuntary urination during sleep.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nocturia definition

The need to urinate more than once a night, waking the individual.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary Incontinence

Involuntary loss of urine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary retention

Accumulation of urine within the bladder caused by the inability to urinate

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

A bacterial infection of any part of the urinary tract.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Easy Urinary Excretion Applications

Positioning, hydration, and bladder stimulation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary Catheter

A hollow, partially flexible tube that collects urine from the bladder and leads to a drainage bag.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urinary Catheterization Time

Short-term (0-7 days), moderate-term (7-21 days), and long-term (more than 21 days).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Catheter Recommendations

Inability to control while urinating, urinary incontinence, or urinary retention.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Types of Urinary Catheters

Nelaton and Foley

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nelaton Catheter

A non-permanent, short-term catheter with only one lumen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Foley Catheter

A type of permanent catheter, preferred for applications longer than 3 weeks, with more than one lumen.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Catheter Selection Guideline

Follow age and gender.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Catheter Size Guide

8-10 Fr in children, 14-16 Fr in women, and 18-22 Fr in men.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Positions for urinary catheterization

Supine position for males, dorsal recumbent position for females.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fluids to use during catheter size

Sterile water and antiseptic

Signup and view all the flashcards

What cleans the genitals prior to performing catheterization?

Aseptic solution

Signup and view all the flashcards

Holding genitalia

Non-sterile.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Connect catheter to?

Urine bag

Signup and view all the flashcards

Devices that need to be sterile?

Urinary cathetors and respiratory devices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inflate balloon of catheter with?

Sterile water

Signup and view all the flashcards

For how long is a bag evacuated in condom catheter?

24 hours.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a condom catheter?

A device that helps with incontinence but slides like a condom

Signup and view all the flashcards

How do you use a condom catheter?

To use is wash patients hands and genitals, the put it around and plaster to hold steady.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Complications of a condom catheter

Allergic reaction, bacteriuria and urinary tract infection, edema, inflammation of the glans penis, ischemic tissue injury, penile erythema, dermatitis, pruritus.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Other catheterized types?

Suprapubic catheterization, bladder irrigation, patient underpad, clean intermittent catheterization.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is suprapubic catheterization?

In suprapubic catheterization, the catheter is placed in the bladder over the pubis with a surgical procedure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Irrigation

Can be defined as a process of flushing out or washing out the urinary bladder with specified solution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hygiene

Must be sterile.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Patient underpad

It is a convenient method that can be used to reduce the urinary tract infection.

Signup and view all the flashcards

To prevent the risk of infection, the catheter should be inserted using ?

Technique and sterile material

Signup and view all the flashcards

Help protect from contamination

Hangers and measure caps

Signup and view all the flashcards

If there is no fluid restriction, how much fluid should be given?

Plently

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a dirty meatus?

Bacteria can grow and cause issues in body

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some sterile urine tests

Urine sterile, urine bag

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

  • Ability to perform necessary nursing practices regarding the urinary system is key
  • Nursing interventions appropriate to the technique in diagnosis and treatment of the urinary system should be applied

Urinary System Organs

  • Kidneys are located in the lumbar region and provide the first formation of urine
  • Ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
  • The urinary bladder is a sac-like hollow organ used for urine storage
  • The Urethra is a tube through which urine passes from the bladder to the exterior of the body
  • Vulva is the female external genitalia
  • The Meatus is where the urethra opens to the outside
  • The Penis is the male sex and urinary excretory organ
  • The Perineum is a mass of skin, muscle, and connective tissue localized between the vagina and anus in a woman

Urinary System

  • The Renal system produces, stores, and eliminates urine, the fluid waste excreted by the kidneys
  • The kidneys make urine by filtering wastes and extra water from the blood
  • It plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis

Blood Circulation & Urine

  • Some inorganic salts, nitrogenous substances, and water come to the kidneys through blood circulation
  • Urine occurs
  • Ureters transmit urine to the urinary bladder with rhythmic movements
  • A feeling of urination occurs
  • The urine is excreted through the urethra

Micturition (Urination)

  • During the act, the bladder contracts and urine is excreted from the body through the urethra

Urine Amounts

  • After urine is 250-500 ml in the bladder the need for excretion arises
  • The approximate amount of urine per hour is 50 ml
  • For a healthy person, the amount of urine per day is 1000-1500 ml
  • Urination typically happens 4-6 times during a 24 hour period

Factors Affecting Excretion

  • Age and development
  • Socio-cultural factors
  • Psychological factors
  • Fluid intake
  • Diseases
  • Surgical interventions
  • Medicines

Terminology

  • Oliguria means urine output of less than 500mL/day

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

Urinary System and Kidney Anatomy
40 questions
Urinary System and Kidney Anatomy
40 questions
Urinary System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology
24 questions
Urinary System Anatomy and Physiology
37 questions

Urinary System Anatomy and Physiology

HearteningPhotorealism5669 avatar
HearteningPhotorealism5669
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser