16 Questions
Which hormone causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the kidney?
Aldosterone
What is the primary function of baroreceptors in the regulation of blood pressure?
Sense changes in blood pressure and initiate compensatory mechanisms
Which substance is primarily produced by the breakdown of proteins and converted into urea in the kidney?
Nitrogen waste
What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the kidney?
Stimulate red blood cell production
Which electrolyte is typically reabsorbed in the kidney along with sodium?
Chloride
What is the primary function of vitamin D in the kidney?
Control calcium and phosphate balance
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
To maintain homeostatic balance of plasma and excrete potential toxins
What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?
Nephron
What is the primary mechanism by which substances are filtered from the blood in the glomerulus?
Osmosis driven by the high pressure in the glomerular capillaries
Which of the following structures is responsible for regulating the rate of glomerular filtration?
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
What is the primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule?
Reabsorption of water and essential substances
What is the primary function of the loop of Henle?
Concentration of urine by removing water
What is the primary function of the distal convoluted tubule?
Regulation of calcium and phosphate levels
What is the primary function of the collecting duct?
Fine-tuning of water and electrolyte balance
What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate blood pressure?
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
What is the primary symptom of dehydration as it relates to urine output?
Darker urine color and slight ammonia scent
Test your knowledge on urinary output, dehydration, and related symptoms. Learn about the normal range of urine excretion, signs of dehydration, and conditions affecting urine volume.
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