Urinary Output and Dehydration Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the kidney?

  • Natriuretic hormone
  • Parathyroid hormone
  • Aldosterone (correct)
  • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What is the primary function of baroreceptors in the regulation of blood pressure?

  • Regulate calcium and phosphate levels
  • Control the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  • Sense changes in blood pressure and initiate compensatory mechanisms (correct)
  • Detect changes in blood osmolarity

Which substance is primarily produced by the breakdown of proteins and converted into urea in the kidney?

  • Phosphate
  • Nitrogen waste (correct)
  • Calcium
  • Hydrogen ions

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) in the kidney?

<p>Stimulate red blood cell production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is typically reabsorbed in the kidney along with sodium?

<p>Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin D in the kidney?

<p>Control calcium and phosphate balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

<p>To maintain homeostatic balance of plasma and excrete potential toxins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?

<p>Nephron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which substances are filtered from the blood in the glomerulus?

<p>Osmosis driven by the high pressure in the glomerular capillaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for regulating the rate of glomerular filtration?

<p>Juxtaglomerular apparatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

<p>Reabsorption of water and essential substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the loop of Henle?

<p>Concentration of urine by removing water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the distal convoluted tubule?

<p>Regulation of calcium and phosphate levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the collecting duct?

<p>Fine-tuning of water and electrolyte balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate blood pressure?

<p>Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of dehydration as it relates to urine output?

<p>Darker urine color and slight ammonia scent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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