Urethritis & Cervicitis: Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, & NGU

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of individuals with chlamydial infection are asymptomatic?

  • 20-30%
  • 40-50%
  • 10-20%
  • The majority (correct)

What is the highest prevalence of genital chlamydia infection in?

  • 25-34 year-olds
  • 45-54 year-olds
  • 35-44 year-olds
  • 15-24 year-olds (correct)

What is the primary cause of chlamydial infection?

  • Ureaplasmas
  • Mycoplasma genitalium
  • Trichomonas Vaginalis
  • Chlamydia trachomatis (correct)

What is a common symptom of chlamydial infection in women?

<p>Lower abdominal pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical presentation of rectal chlamydia infection?

<p>Asymptomatic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of lesions in the second week of progression?

<p>Superinfection with candida and streptococcal species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose and frequency of Aciclovir for recurrent disease?

<p>800mg bd 5 days (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does the chancre of primary syphilis typically resolve over?

<p>3-8 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with primary syphilis will develop secondary syphilis if left untreated?

<p>25% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the rash in secondary syphilis?

<p>It is widespread and may be itchy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of acquiring conjunctivitis in adults?

<p>Sexual contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical presentation of chlamydial conjunctivitis in adults?

<p>Unilateral chronic, low-grade irritation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of chlamydial conjunctivitis in women?

<p>PID (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of diagnosis for symptomatic women?

<p>Gram or wet film examination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for pregnant women?

<p>Intravaginal treatment for 7 days (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of abnormal discharge in women of childbearing age?

<p>Bacterial vaginosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic pH of vaginal fluid in bacterial vaginosis?

<p>pH 4.5-6.0 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is speciation to albicans/non-albicans essential?

<p>If complicated disease is suspected or present (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for recurrent VC?

<p>Oral fluconazole every 72 hours for 3 doses then once a week for 6 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for bacterial vaginosis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of general advice for VC?

<p>To improve vulval health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Whiff test used to diagnose?

<p>Bacterial vaginosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis?

<p>Candida albicans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual cause of oro-labial herpes in the UK?

<p>HSV-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic discharge of vulvovaginal candidiasis?

<p>Off-white, curdy discharge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the incubation period for genital herpes?

<p>2 days to 2 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of local symptoms in genital herpes?

<p>Painful ulceration, dysuria, vaginal or urethral discharge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication of congenital syphilis that occurs within two years of birth?

<p>Hepatosplenomegaly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for adults with syphilis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for HIV transmission?

<p>Mucosal damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common opportunistic infection in people with HIV?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of congenital syphilis that occurs after two years of birth?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended treatment for congenital syphilis in children?

<p>Benzyl penicillin sodium 60–90mg/kg daily IV (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a systemic presentation of HIV?

<p>Tuberculosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a skin condition associated with HIV?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is serological testing ordered in some cases?

<p>To screen for other sexually transmitted infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely diagnosis based on the patient's presentation and laboratory findings?

<p>Gonorrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prognosis for gonorrhea with appropriate antibiotic treatment and patient compliance?

<p>Generally favourable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can occur if the patient fails to adhere to treatment or continues high-risk behaviour?

<p>The patient will be at risk of developing complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chlamydial Infection: Asymptomatic Rate

The majority of individuals infected with Chlamydia trachomatis show no symptoms.

Chlamydia Prevalence: Age Group

The age group with the highest prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydial Infection: Cause

The primary causative agent responsible for chlamydial infection.

Chlamydial Infection: Common Symptom in Women

A common symptom experienced by women infected with Chlamydia trachomatis.

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Rectal Chlamydia: Presentation

Rectal Chlamydia trachomatis infection often presents without any noticeable symptoms.

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Pharyngeal Chlamydia in MSM: Prevalence

The estimated percentage of men who have sex with men (MSM) who are infected with pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis.

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Recurrent Chlamydia: Lymphadenitis

Approximately 30% of patients with recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infection experience swollen lymph nodes.

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Chlamydia Lesions: Superinfection

During the second week of chlamydia progression, lesions may become infected with yeast and bacteria, leading to complications.

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Recurrent Chlamydia Treatment: Aciclovir

The standard dosage and frequency of Aciclovir for treating recurrent Chlamydial infection.

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Primary Syphilis: Chancre Resolution

The typical timeframe for the healing of the primary syphilis chancre.

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Primary Syphilis: Progression to Secondary

The percentage of patients with untreated primary syphilis who will develop secondary syphilis.

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Secondary Syphilis: Rash

The rash accompanying secondary syphilis is characterized by its wide distribution and potential for itchiness.

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Adult Conjunctivitis: Transmission

The primary mode of acquiring conjunctivitis in adults.

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Adult Chlamydial Conjunctivitis: Presentation

Chlamydial conjunctivitis in adults typically presents with chronic, low-grade irritation affecting one eye.

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Chlamydial Conjunctivitis: Complication

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common complication of chlamydial conjunctivitis, especially in women.

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Chlamydial Infection: Diagnosis

The primary method used to diagnose symptomatic women with Chlamydial infection.

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N. gonorrhoeae: Antibiotic Susceptibility

The trend observed in the susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to ciprofloxacin between 2001 and 2007.

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Chlamydial Infection: Treatment in Pregnant Women

The recommended treatment for pregnant women with Chlamydial infection.

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VC Treatment: Success Rate

The cure rate for uncomplicated cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) treated with topical and oral azoles.

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Abnormal Discharge: Cause

The primary cause of abnormal discharge in women of childbearing age.

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Bacterial Vaginosis: Vaginal pH

The characteristic pH range of vaginal fluid in bacterial vaginosis.

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Candida Speciation: Importance

Speciation to Candida albicans or non-albicans is essential if there's suspicion or evidence of complicated vulvovaginal candidiasis.

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Bacterial Vaginosis: Risk Factor

The primary risk factor for bacterial vaginosis.

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Recurrent VC: Treatment

The recommended treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC).

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Whiff Test: Purpose

The Whiff test is used to diagnose bacterial vaginosis.

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VC Advice: Goal

General advice regarding vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) aims to improve vulval health.

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VC: Primary Cause

Candida albicans is the primary cause of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC).

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Oro-Labial Herpes: Cause

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is usually responsible for oro-labial herpes in the UK.

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VC: Discharge

The characteristic discharge associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VC) is typically off-white and clumpy.

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Genital Herpes: Recurrence Rate

The median recurrence rate for genital herpes after a symptomatic first episode.

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Genital Herpes: Incubation Period

The time period between exposure to the herpes simplex virus and the appearance of symptoms.

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Genital Herpes: Local Symptoms

Local symptoms of genital herpes often involve painful ulcers, difficulty urinating, and discharge from the vagina or urethra.

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Genital Herpes: Late-Onset Presentation

One third of untreated cases of genital herpes may manifest many years after the initial infection.

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