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Questions and Answers
What does Zone 1 of the Burgess Concentric Zone Model represent?
What does Zone 1 of the Burgess Concentric Zone Model represent?
Which zone is characterized as the Inner City in the Burgess Model?
Which zone is characterized as the Inner City in the Burgess Model?
In the Burgess Model, which zone is associated with increased wealth?
In the Burgess Model, which zone is associated with increased wealth?
What is a key characteristic of the sector model proposed by Hoyt?
What is a key characteristic of the sector model proposed by Hoyt?
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Which of the following best describes Zone 3 in the Burgess Model?
Which of the following best describes Zone 3 in the Burgess Model?
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What is the main factor that Hoyt identified as influencing the growth patterns of cities?
What is the main factor that Hoyt identified as influencing the growth patterns of cities?
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Which group of residents was theorized to be located nearest to the manufacturing and industrial sectors?
Which group of residents was theorized to be located nearest to the manufacturing and industrial sectors?
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What limitation is mentioned regarding the Burgess and Hoyt land use models?
What limitation is mentioned regarding the Burgess and Hoyt land use models?
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Which physical characteristic of Chicago made it an unsuitable example for all urban models?
Which physical characteristic of Chicago made it an unsuitable example for all urban models?
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What is a notable aspect of the terminology used in these urban models during their time?
What is a notable aspect of the terminology used in these urban models during their time?
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What defines the eastern edge of Chicago?
What defines the eastern edge of Chicago?
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What is the core area of the Central Business District called in Chicago?
What is the core area of the Central Business District called in Chicago?
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According to Burgess, where do wealthier families generally reside in relation to the CBD?
According to Burgess, where do wealthier families generally reside in relation to the CBD?
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What phenomenon does competition for favorable locations in a city lead to?
What phenomenon does competition for favorable locations in a city lead to?
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What characteristic distinguishes zones in the Burgess Model?
What characteristic distinguishes zones in the Burgess Model?
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What does the term 'invasion' imply in the context of urban growth?
What does the term 'invasion' imply in the context of urban growth?
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What role does the elevated railway play in relation to the Loop?
What role does the elevated railway play in relation to the Loop?
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What is indicated by the circular route in the Loop area?
What is indicated by the circular route in the Loop area?
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What does Hoyt's Sector Model suggest about the expansion of socio-economic groups?
What does Hoyt's Sector Model suggest about the expansion of socio-economic groups?
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Which feature characterizes the CBD in Hoyt's Sector Model?
Which feature characterizes the CBD in Hoyt's Sector Model?
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In the context of Hoyt's observations, where would low-income households most likely be located?
In the context of Hoyt's observations, where would low-income households most likely be located?
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What primarily caused the expansion of other rings in Burgess's model?
What primarily caused the expansion of other rings in Burgess's model?
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What modification did Hoyt's Sector Model introduce compared to the concentric zone model?
What modification did Hoyt's Sector Model introduce compared to the concentric zone model?
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What role do commercial establishments play in the CBD, according to Hoyt's model?
What role do commercial establishments play in the CBD, according to Hoyt's model?
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What led to the development of manufacturing functions in Hoyt's model?
What led to the development of manufacturing functions in Hoyt's model?
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According to Burgess's observations of city growth, what was the relationship between the CBD and the rings around it?
According to Burgess's observations of city growth, what was the relationship between the CBD and the rings around it?
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Study Notes
Urban Land Use Models
- Urban areas become increasingly complex as they grow over time, with different land use patterns.
- Models attempt to describe and identify these patterns of land use.
- The Burgess (concentric ring) model and the Hoyt (sector) model are two prominent models.
Burgess Concentric Zone Model
- Created by Ernest Burgess in 1925, based on the land use patterns of Chicago.
- Depicts urban land use in concentric rings, with the Central Business District (CBD) at the center.
- Zone 1: The commercial heart of the city, including the CBD.
- Zone 2: The transition zone, or Inner City, subject to invasion.
- Zone 3: Working people’s homes, or Inner Suburbs, a place of upward mobility.
- Zone 4: Better quality middle-class homes, or Outer Suburbs, with increased wealth.
- Zone 5: Commuters zone, located furthest from the CBD.
- Correlation between distance from the CBD and socio-economic status, with richer families living further away.
- Competition for favorable locations in the city leads to outward growth, invasion, and succession.
- As the city grows, the CBD expands outwards, forcing other rings to expand outwards as well.
Hoyt’s Sector Model
- Proposed in 1939 by Homer Hoyt, as a modification of the concentric zone model.
- Uses Chicago as its foundation, with observations of:
- An upper class residential sector growing outward from the CBD and towards the north, along the Lake Michigan shoreline.
- Industry extending southward in sectors following railway lines.
- Low-income households near railway lines.
- Commercial establishments along business thoroughfares.
- Access to Zone 1 (CBD) influences land values, with manufacturing functions developing in a wedge surrounding transportation routes.
- Hoyt suggested that socio-economic groups expand outward from the city center along transportation routes (railway lines, highways).
- These routes provided improved access to Zone 1, creating sectors rather than concentric rings.
- Sectors are wedge-shaped patterns emanating from the CBD and centered on major transportation routes.
- Residential functions grow in wedge-shaped patterns, with low-income housing bordering manufacturing/industrial sectors, while higher-income sectors locate further away.
Limitations of the Burgess and Hoyt Models
- Both models are based on a single North American city (Chicago).
- They do not account for private cars and mass car ownership, which enables commuting from cheaper land outside city boundaries.
- Chicago's flat and uniform landscape may not apply to other cities with varied physical features.
- No reference to out-of-town development is included in these models.
Note: The terminology used in these models (e.g., immigrant settlement, low-class, and ghetto) was common and accepted at the time but can be problematic and/or have different meanings today.
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Description
This quiz explores urban land use models, focusing on the Burgess Concentric Zone Model and its application in illustrating urban growth patterns. Participants will learn about the historical context and significance of these models in urban geography. Test your knowledge on zones and socio-economic correlations in urban settings.
