Snell Upper Limb Anatomy Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones is NOT part of the vertebral column?

Spines of Lumbar Vertebrae

Seventh Thoracic Spine

First Thoracic Spine

Clavicle (correct)

Which muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder elevation?

Infraspinatus

Trapezius (correct)

Latissimus Dorsi

Gluteus Maximus

Which of the following muscles is located deep to the trapezius?

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Splenius Capitis

External Intercostal

Rhomboid Major (correct)

Which nerve is specifically associated with the posterior rami of cervical nerves?

Greater Occipital Nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily involved in muscle attachment at the shoulder?

Acromion Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT involved in the flexion of the forearm?

Extensor carpi radialis longus Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the sensation in the lateral aspect of the forearm?

Musculocutaneous nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies blood to the lateral forearm muscles?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

What structure is located medially to the flexor carpi radialis?

Flexor carpi ulnaris Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures contributes to the formation of the synovial-lined tunnel for the flexor carpi radialis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for the pronation of the forearm?

Pronator teres Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve passes through the flexor retinaculum?

Median nerve Signup and view all the answers

The brachioradialis muscle is classified as a _____ muscle.

Extensor Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for pronation of the forearm?

Pronator teres Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is commonly associated with the flexor muscles of the forearm?

Median nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the bicipital aponeurosis?

Protects the brachial artery Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are contained in the anterior compartment of the arm?

Biceps brachii, Coracobrachialis, Brachialis Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the forearm and is a continuation of the brachial artery?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for motor supply to the posterior compartment of the arm?

Radial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is located in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

Flexor digitorum profundus Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is primarily responsible for innervating the coracobrachialis muscle?

Musculocutaneous nerve Signup and view all the answers

In the cubital fossa, which structure is located laterally?

Radial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is not associated with the pectoral region and axilla?

Phrenic nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary artery supplying the lateral aspect of the thorax?

Lateral thoracic artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary blood supply for the anterior compartment of the arm?

Brachial artery Signup and view all the answers

Which structure passes through the posterior osseofascial compartment?

Ulnar nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is found beneath the pectoralis major in the pectoral region?

Pectoralis minor Signup and view all the answers

What structures does the flexor retinaculum help to stabilize at the wrist?

Long flexor tendons Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures does not branch from the brachial plexus?

Intercostobrachial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT form a boundary of the cubital fossa?

Triceps brachii muscle Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane unites the shafts of the radius and ulna in the forearm?

Interosseous membrane Signup and view all the answers

The cubital fossa contains which of the following structures from medial to lateral?

Median nerve - Brachial artery - Tendon of biceps Signup and view all the answers

Which artery bifurcates into the ulnar and radial arteries in the cubital fossa?

Brachial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical prognosis for male breast carcinoma?

It has a relatively poor prognosis due to rapid metastasis. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the development of additional nipples along the milk ridge?

Polythelia Signup and view all the answers

What complication can arise from a retracted nipple?

Normal suckling may be impaired. Signup and view all the answers

What describes the embryological origin of the nipple?

It arises from an ectodermal thickening in the pectoral region. Signup and view all the answers

Gynecomastia in males is commonly associated with which of the following?

Hormonal changes, especially during puberty. Signup and view all the answers

What typically characterizes macromastia?

Consists of diffuse hypertrophy of breast tissue. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles connects the scapular region with the upper limb?

Serratus anterior Signup and view all the answers

The milk ridge is essential to the development of which anatomical feature during embryonic development?

Mammary glands Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is located beneath the pectoralis major in the context of the pectoral region?

Coracobrachialis Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT typically associated with the pectoral region or axilla?

Long head of biceps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the pectoralis major muscle in the upper limb?

Rotating the shoulder medially Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve primarily innervates the deltoid muscle?

Axillary nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is NOT associated with the pectoral region?

Genitofemoral nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Colles' fracture?

Fall on the outstretched hand Signup and view all the answers

Which structural change occurs in the distal fragment during a Colles' fracture?

Posteriorly and superiorly displaced Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic deformity is associated with a Colles' fracture?

Dinner-fork deformity Signup and view all the answers

What muscle is primarily responsible for the displacement of fragments in olecranon fractures?

Triceps muscle Signup and view all the answers

What determines the functional recovery after a fracture of the olecranon process?

Accurate anatomic reduction of the fragment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles attaches to the thumb?

Abductor pollicis longus Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of an untreated scaphoid fracture?

Development of osteoarthritis Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is primarily involved in a boxer's fracture?

Fifth metacarpal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT attached to the posterior surface of the hamate bone?

Flexor carpi radialis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is specifically involved in the abduction of the little finger?

Abductor digiti minimi Signup and view all the answers

Involvement of the median nerve is commonly associated with which hand injury?

Dislocation of the lunate Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT associated with the little finger?

First palmar interosseous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following digits shares the same muscle attachment for flexor digitorum profundus?

Ring and Little Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of an untreated scaphoid fracture?

Permanent weakness and pain Signup and view all the answers

Which metacarpal fracture is specifically known as a 'boxer's fracture'?

Fracture of the fifth metacarpal Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Bennett's fracture?

An oblique fracture entering the carpometacarpal joint Signup and view all the answers

What is a common point of tenderness associated with a fractured scaphoid?

The anatomic snuffbox Signup and view all the answers

How many phalanges are found in a single human hand?

14 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of wrist injury is commonly associated with dislocation of the lunate bone?

Hyperextension from falling on an outstretched hand Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature does the base of each proximal phalanx articulate with?

The head of the corresponding metacarpal Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic best describes the first metacarpal bone?

Shortest and most mobile Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bone injuries, what is avascular necrosis?

Death of bone tissue due to loss of blood supply Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the metacarpal bones articulates with the distal row of carpal bones?

Base Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscles of the Upper Limb

Musculocutaneous nerve supplies muscles including biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis.
Median and ulnar nerves are crucial for motor and sensory functions in the forearm.
Key muscles in the cubital fossa include biceps tendon, pronator teres, and flexor muscles for wrist and fingers.

Arteries of the Upper Limb

Brachial artery branches into radial and ulnar arteries at the elbow.
Radial artery supplies the lateral aspect of the forearm while ulnar artery supplies the medial aspect.
Anterior interosseous artery supplies deep muscles of the forearm.

Nerves in the Forearm

Median nerve innervates most flexors in the forearm.
Radial nerve innervates extensors and is located in the posterior compartment.

Forearm Anatomy

Comprised of three osseofascial compartments: anterior, lateral, and posterior.
Interosseous membrane connects radius and ulna, facilitating muscle attachment.
The anterior compartment includes flexors and is supplied by the median nerve, while the posterior compartment includes extensors supplied by the radial nerve.

Cubital Fossa Features

The cubital fossa is a triangular depression on the anterior elbow, acting as a conduit for major nerves and vessels.
Boundaries: Brachioradialis muscle (lateral) and pronator teres muscle (medial).
Contents from medial to lateral: median nerve, bifurcated brachial artery, biceps tendon, radial nerve.

Wrist and Tendon Structures

The wrist consists of eight carpal bones, with complex tendon, artery, and nerve arrangements crucial for function.
Flexor and extensor retinacula stabilize tendon positions at the wrist, forming tunnels for tendon passage.

Hand Bones and Phalanges

Five metacarpal bones act as the skeletal structure of the hand; each has a base, body, and head.
Phalanges are classified into proximal, middle, and distal segments; total of 14 phalanges in each hand.

Common Injuries

Scaphoid bone fractures are prevalent in young adults and can lead to avascular necrosis if untreated.
Lunate bone dislocation often accompanies falls, with potential median nerve involvement.
Metacarpal fractures, particularly "boxer's fractures," occur from direct impact or violent contraction, usually affecting the fifth metacarpal.

Clinical Considerations

Colles' fracture is common in older patients, resulting from falls; presents with a "dinner-fork deformity."
Olecranon process fractures may occur from falls on a flexed elbow or direct trauma, often requiring surgical intervention for functional recovery.

Breast Development

Embryonic development involves the milk ridge, forming breast structures.
Supernumerary nipples may occur along this ridge, and retracted or inverted nipples can affect breastfeeding.

Muscles of the Back

Key superficial and deep back muscles include trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and rhomboids, which are essential for shoulder movement and stabilization.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the muscles, arteries, and nerves of the upper limb. This quiz covers the key anatomical features and their functions, focusing on the forearm's intricate structure. Perfect for students studying human anatomy.