lab 7 - respiratory system

False

Minute Volume = Tidal Volume × Ventilation Rate

<p>Inspiratory Reserve Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveolar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inspiratory Reserve Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tidal Volume = Amount of air during normal quiet ventilation Expiratory Reserve Volume = Air expired beyond tidal volume Inspiratory Reserve Volume = Air inspired beyond tidal volume Vital Capacity = Total air exchanged in and out of lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To filter and moisten incoming air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thyroid Cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Goblet Cells = Secrete mucus Vocal Folds = Produce sound Alveoli = Site of gas exchange Cartilaginous Rings = Support the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They maintain the airway's structure and prevent collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moves debris to the pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen moves from the alveolar epithelium to the alveolar basal lamina, then to the capillary basal lamina, and finally through the capillary endothelium into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minute volume is calculated by multiplying tidal volume (TV) by ventilation rate (VR).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alveolar ventilation rate indicates the amount of fresh air available for gas exchange, accounting for only 70% of the minute volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inspiratory reserve volume is the amount of air inspired beyond tidal volume, while expiratory reserve volume is the amount of air expired beyond tidal volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases between the blood and alveoli, allowing oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be expelled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The respiratory membrane consists of the simple squamous epithelium of the alveolus, its basal lamina, the capillary basal lamina, and the capillary endothelium, facilitating efficient gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vital capacity is the total amount of air that can be exchanged in and out of the lungs, calculated as TV + IRV + ERV.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The simple squamous epithelium is thin, allowing for efficient gas exchange between the alveoli and blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasal conchae cause air to swirl in the nasal cavity, helping to warm and filter the incoming air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucus traps foreign particles and debris, which is then moved down to the nasopharynx to be swallowed or expelled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The epiglottis covers the glottis to prevent food and liquids from entering the trachea and lungs during swallowing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pulmonary pleura is attached directly to the lungs, while the parietal pleura is attached to the thoracic wall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The trachea is a hollow structure supported by C-shaped cartilaginous rings that provide protection and flexibility while conducting air to the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory bronchioles are the first part of the respiratory tree where gas exchange occurs, while terminal bronchioles do not participate in gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mucociliary escalator helps clear mucus and trapped debris from the airways, preventing infection and maintaining clarity in the respiratory passages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Goblet cells produce and secrete mucus that traps foreign particles and debris within the trachea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vocal folds produce sound when air passes through them, causing them to vibrate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The uvula extends from the soft palate and helps separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity during swallowing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveolar Epithelium = Facilitates gas exchange between alveoli and blood Capillary Endothelium = Lines the capillaries for gas exchange Basal Lamina of Alveolus = Connective tissue layer aiding in exchange Basal Lamina of Capillary = Supports endothelial cells in capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spirometer = Records measurement of air moving in and out of lungs Ventilation Rate (VR) = Number of ventilations performed in a minute Minute Volume (MV) = Total amount of air that moves in and out in one minute Alveolar Ventilation Rate (AVR) = Percentage of air that reaches lungs for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>O2 = Moves from lungs to blood CO2 = Moves from blood to lungs Alveolar Gas Exchange = Occurs across the respiratory membrane Capillaries = Facilitate gas exchange with alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minute Volume (MV) = $TV \times VR$ Alveolar Ventilation Rate (AVR) = $MV \times 0.7$ Vital Capacity (VC) = $TV + IRV + ERV$ Tidal Volume (TV) = Air during quiet breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple Squamous Epithelium = Enables efficient gas exchange in alveoli Network of Capillaries = Allows for efficient gas exchange from alveoli to blood Microscopic Structure of Lung Tissue = Contains alveoli and bronchioles Diagram of the Respiratory System = Shows structural components like bronchi and alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alveoli = Primary site for gas exchange in lungs Bronchi = Branches air into lungs Trachea = Conducts air to bronchi Larynx = Contains vocal folds for sound production</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Age = Affects lung capacity and function Gender = May influence breathing patterns and lung volumes Pulmonary Disease = Can restrict airflow and gas exchange Health Status = Impact efficiency of respiratory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasal cavity = Moistens, warms, filters incoming air Oral cavity = Passage for air to reach lungs Pharynx = Where air inspired through nose or mouth goes Uvula = Extends posteriorly from the hard palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epiglottis = Prevents food from entering the lungs during swallowing Thyroid cartilage = Produces external protuberance called Adams Apple Vocal folds = Produce sound Vestibular folds = Assist in closing the glottis during swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary bronchi = Trachea divides into two shorter bronchi Secondary bronchi = Each bronchus divides into smaller bronchi Tertiary bronchi = Secondary bronchi divide further Bronchioles = Tertiary bronchi divide further</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary (visceral) pleura = Attached directly to the lung Parietal pleura = Attached to the thoracic wall Pleural cavity = Between the two membranes Serous fluid = Reduces friction as lungs move</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Goblet cells = Secrete mucus in the nasal cavity Mucociliary escalator = Moves debris up to pharynx for expulsion Alveoli = Where majority of gas exchange occurs Bronchioles = Last portion of non-respiratory branch of the respiratory tree</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trachea = Brings inhaled air into the lungs Cartilaginous rings = Provide support and protection to the trachea Alveolar ducts = Lead to clusters of alveoli Terminal bronchioles = First place that gas exchange occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nasopharynx = Superior to the uvula Oropharynx = Inferior to the uvula Larynx = Anterior to the entrance of esophagus Throat = Common passage for air and food</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucosa = Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and lamina propria Lamina propria = Anchors epithelium to superficial layers Adventitia = Most superficial layer anchoring trachea Tracheal cartilages = Provide structure with flexibility for trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bronchioles = Conduct air to alveoli Respiratory bronchioles = First site of gas exchange Alveolar sacs = Clusters of alveoli Pleurae = Surround and protect the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Goblet cells = Produce mucus and trap foreign particles Ciliated epithelium = Moves mucus towards the pharynx Alveolar epithelium = Facilitates gas exchange Submucosa = Contains loose areolar connective tissue and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ventilation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tidal volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>alveolar ventilation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>expiratory reserve volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>thinness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hard palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>thyroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>conchae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers