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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the trachea in the respiratory system?
What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood?
What is the name of the muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing, located between the chest and the abdominal cavity?
What is the term for the narrow passageways that conduct air from the bronchi to the alveoli?
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What is the name of the disease that is characterized by the inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe?
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What is the term for the microscopic chambers where gas exchange occurs between the air we breathe and the blood?
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What is the state of a person who has a feeling of satisfaction and tranquility due to their physical and mental conditions?
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What type of disease is caused by laboral accidents?
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What is the term for anything that can act on a host and cause damage or illness?
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What dimension of health refers to the mental and emotional aspects of a person?
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What type of disease is characterized by a chronic condition, often metabolic, genetic, or mental?
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What is the term for the circumstances that favor the pathologic relationship between the host and the agent?
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What is the primary function of plasma in the circulatory system?
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Which of the following blood cells is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the tissues?
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What is the term for the blood vessel in which nutrient and gas exchange may occur?
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What is the upper part of the respiratory system responsible for producing?
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What is the term for a disease characterized by a lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood?
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What is the name of the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?
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Study Notes
Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases
- Communicable diseases are transmitted from person to person and can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi.
- Non-communicable diseases are not transmitted from person to person, but instead caused by physiological changes.
Wellness and Health
- Wellness is a state of feeling satisfied and tranquil, resulting from physical and mental conditions.
- Physical activity, healthy eating, and sleep, as well as healthy interpersonal relationships, contribute to wellness.
- Health is a complete state of physical, social, and mental well-being, not just the absence of disease.
Health Dimensions
- Mental and emotional aspects of health are psychological.
- Social aspects of health relate to interactions with other people.
- Physical aspects of health involve organs, systems, and their functions (biological).
Types of Diseases
- Laboral diseases are often caused by labor accidents.
- Degenerative diseases are chronic, often metabolic, genetic, or mental.
- Deficiency diseases result from macromolecule deficiencies.
Ecological Triad
- Chemical: Any agent that can cause damage and illness.
- Microbiological: Circumstances that favor the pathologic relationship between the host and the agent.
- Physical: The living thing that allows the illness agent to establish itself in the body.
Urinary System
- Kidneys: filter waste and excess fluids from the blood.
- Ureters: carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
- Bladder: stores urine until it's eliminated.
- Urethra: carries urine out of the body.
Diseases of the Urinary System
- Kidney stones
- Renal insufficiency
- Nephroptosis
- Cystitis
- Urethritis
Circulatory System
- Blood composition: plasma, leukocytes, thrombocytes, and erythrocytes.
- Plasma: carries nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the body.
- Leukocytes: defend the organism against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi.
- Thrombocytes: form a clot to react to injury.
- Erythrocytes: transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Parts of the Heart
- No specific parts mentioned.
Blood Vessels
- Veins: transport deoxygenated blood to the heart.
- Capillaries: allow for nutrient and gas exchange.
- Arteries: transport oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
Diseases of the Circulatory System
- Anemia
- Leukemia
- Atherosclerosis
- Hypertension
- Myocardial infarction
Respiratory System
- Upper respiratory tract: nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
- Lower respiratory tract: trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
Upper Respiratory Tract
- Nasal cavity: produces mucus, filters, warms, and moistens air, and has olfactory function.
- Pharynx: passageway for air and food.
- Larynx: air passageway, prevents food and drink from entering the lower respiratory system, and produces voice.
Lower Respiratory Tract
- Trachea: connects the larynx to the bronchi in both lungs.
- Bronchi: transport air from the trachea to each lung.
- Bronchioles: narrow passageways to conduct air from the bronchi to the alveoli.
- Alveoli: microscopic chambers for gas exchange.
Respiratory Muscles
- Diaphragm: muscle between the chest and abdominal cavity that aids in breathing.
- Intercostal muscles: help with breathing.
Endocrine System
- Hypothalamus: part of the brain that regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
- Hypophysis: pituitary gland that stores and releases hormones.
- Thyroid gland: produces hormones that regulate metabolism.
- Thymus: produces hormones that regulate immune function.
- Pancreas: produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels.
- Adrenal glands: produce hormones that regulate stress response.
- Ovaries and testicles: produce sex hormones.
Diseases of the Respiratory System
- Asthma
- Emphysema
- COPD
- COVID-19
- Pulmonary cancer
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Description
Test your knowledge of the respiratory system, including the functions of the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Learn about the air passageways and how they prevent food and drink from entering the lungs.
